1、考点一考点一 动词的时态和主谓一致动词的时态和主谓一致 五年高考 1.(2018北京,1)Hi, Im Peter. Are you new here?I havent seen you around. Hello, Peter. Im Bob. I just (start) on Monday. 答案答案 started 句意:嗨,我是Peter。你是新来的吗?我在附近没见过你。你好,Pe- ter。我是Bob,我是周一刚来的。本题考查动词的时态。根据Peter所说的话可知现在Bob已经 在这里了, Bob针对Peter的提问解释他是周一来的,所以设空处用一般过去时。 2.(2018北京,4
2、)Susan had quit her well-paid job and (work) as a volunteer in the neighbor- hood when I visited her last year. 答案答案 was working 句意:我去年去看望Susan的时候,她已经辞去了高薪工作,正在社区做志 愿者。本题考查动词的时态。从题干中when引导的时间状语从句可知此处描述的是过去发 生的事情,看望Susan的时候她正从事志愿者服务工作,应用过去进行时表示。 3.(2018北京,7)Chinas high-speed railways (grow) from 9,00
3、0 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 答案答案 have grown 句意:在过去的几年里,中国的高铁已经从9,000公里发展到了25,000公 里。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中的时间状语in the past few years可知,句中谓语动词的 时态用现在完成时。 4.(2018江苏,31)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we (de- velop) more convenient electronic communication to
4、ols by then. 答案答案 will have developed 句意:在2025年我们有望不再互相发电子邮件了,因为到那时我们 就已经开发出更便捷的电子交流工具了。根据时间状语by then(相当于by 2025)可知,设空处 需用将来完成时。 5.(2017北京,24) (do)you call that company to see how they think of our product yester-day? Yes. They are happy with it. 答案答案 Did 句意:你昨天给那家公司打电话了解他们对我们的产品的看法了吗?打 了,他们很满意。根据时间
5、状语yesterday可知,要用助动词do的过去式did。 6.(2017北京,33)People (have) better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result. 答案答案 have 句意:相比以前,人们(现在)有更好的医疗服务,因此他们的寿命更长一些。本题 考查动词的时态。根据题干中的than they used to可知,这是在比较过去和现在的医疗状况,所 以设空处应用一般现在时。 7.(2017天津,8)I (drive) down to London when I
6、suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 答案答案 was driving 句意:我正在开车前往伦敦的路上时突然发现我走错路了。根据句意可 知此处是be doing.when.句式,表示“正在做这时”。根据语境可知用过去进行时。 8.(2017江苏,24)The publication of Great Expectations, which (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist. 答案答案 w
7、as 句意:远大前程这本书被广泛地评价和高度地赞扬,它的出版巩固了狄更斯 作为最杰出的小说家的地位。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题干可以确定,which引 导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Great Expectations,是一本书的名字,因此定语从句中的be动词 应是单数形式。根据题干中的strengthened可知语境为过去的时间,因此设空处的时态为一般 过去时,故填was。 9.(2016北京,21)Jack (work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 答案答案 was working 句意:杰克正在实验室工作这时停电了。本题考查“be
8、 doing sth. when.”句型。根据题干中的occurred(一般过去时),可知设空处用过去进行时。 10.(2016北京,23)Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? The new Star Wars. We (wait)here for more than two hours. 答案答案 have been waiting 句意:打扰了,你们在等哪部电影?新拍的星球大战。 我们已经在这儿等了两个多小时了。本题考查动词的时态。设空处表示该动作从两个多小 时前一直持续到说话时,而且可能持续下去,因此用现在完成进行时。 11.(2016
9、北京,25)I (read)half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend. 答案答案 have read 句意:这本英文小说我已经读了一半了,我将尽力在周末把它读完。根据句 意可知,动作read发生在过去,对现在产生了影响,故用现在完成时。 12.(2016江苏,29)Dashan, who (learn)crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tr
10、adition. 答案答案 has been learning 句意:大山学习中国传统喜剧形式相声已经几十年了,他想把它 与西方的单口喜剧传统结合起来。根据句意以及for decades可知,学习这一动作从过去一直 延续到了现在,并且现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时;主语Dashan为第三人称单数,故答案 为has been learning。 13.(2016浙江,9)Silk (become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 答案答案 had become 句意:到大约公元前100年丝绸
11、已成为沿丝绸之路交易的主要货物之一。 根据句中的时间状语by about 100 BC可知“become”动作发生在“过去的过去”,故用过去 完成时。 14.(2015北京,26)In the last few years,China (make) great achievements in environmental protection. 答案答案 has made 句意:在过去的几年里,中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。本题 考查动词的时态。根据句中时间状语In the last few years可知用现在完成时。 15.(2015北京,27)Did you have diffi
12、culty finding Anns house? Not really.She (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. 答案答案 had given 句意:你们找到Ann的家有困难吗?不难找。她已经给了我们清晰 的方位,我们能很容易找到。本题考查动词时态。动词give 的动作发生在“were able to find”之前,符合过去完成时表示“过去的过去”的用法。 16.(2015北京,30)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. All right.I
13、 (call) him later. 答案答案 will call 句意:Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。好的。我稍后给他打电话。本 题考查动词时态。根据对话中的later一词可知用一般将来时。 17.(2015江苏,30)The real reason why prices (be),and still are, too high is complex,and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. 答案答案 were 句意:物价过去是,现在仍然是那么高的真正原因是复杂的,短短的讨论不可能对 此问题做出令人
14、满意的解释。本题考查动词时态。根据题目中 “and still are(现在仍然是)” 可以得知过去也是一样的情形,故用were。 18.(2015福建,30)Where is Peter?I cant find him anywhere. He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since. 答案答案 has been writing 句意:彼得在哪里?我到处都找不到他。他在早饭后去了图 书馆,从那时起一直在那里写论文。本题考查动词时态。根据时间状语ever since可知设空处 应该用现
15、在完成进行时,表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在且还在进行。 19.(2015湖南,22)As you go through this book,you (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience. 答案答案 will find 句意:当你读完这本书,你就会发现数百万从第二次世界大战中活过来的每一个 人的经历都不同。本题考查时态。as引导的时间状语从句为一般现在时,主句应用一般将来时。 20.(2015陕西,22)Marty (work) rea
16、lly hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday. 答案答案 has been working 句意:Marty在他的这本书上确实很用功,他觉得周五前就可以完成 了。本题考查时态。根据语境可知这里应用现在完成进行时。 21.(2015重庆,1)Is Peter coming? No,he (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. 答案答案 changed 句意:彼得要来吗?不来了。在最后时刻接了一个电话后他改变了 主意。考查动词时态。根据语
17、境可知“改变主意”应该发生在对话前的某一时间,要用一般 过去时。 22.(2014北京,31)What time is it? I have no idea.But just a minute,I (check) it for you. 答案答案 will check 句意:现在几点了?我不知道,不过等一下,我帮你看看。根据句意 可知答话者此刻也不知道几点,因此“我帮你看看”是接下来要发生的动作,故使用一般将来时。 23.(2014北京,32)I found the lecture hard to follow because it (start)when I arrived. 答案答案 ha
18、d started 句意:我发现我很难明白讲座的内容,因为当我到的时候它已经开始了。 题干中的语境为过去时,根据句意可知空格处发生的动作先于arrived,故使用过去完成时。 24.(2014重庆,8)James has just arrived,but I didnt know he (come)until yesterday. 答案答案 was coming/would come 句意:詹姆斯刚到,但是直到昨天我才知道他会来。主句的谓 语动词是一般过去时,从句的时态应用过去的某种时态,根据句意可知该空表示过去将要发生 的动作,所以要用过去将来时。 25.(2014福建,23)Havent
19、seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and (stay) there for one year,teaching as a volunteer. 答案答案 stayed 句意:好几年没见到你了!你去哪儿了?我去宁夏支教了一年。答句由 and连接两个并列的谓语动词,根据went及句意可知,此处表示的动作发生在过去,“待”这个 动作与went这个动作几乎同时发生,故用一般过去时。 26.(2014陕西,22)During his stay in Xian,Jerry tried almost all the local
20、 foods his friends (recommend). 答案答案 had recommended 句意:Jerry在西安逗留期间,他几乎尝遍了朋友推荐的所有的当地 食物。根据句意可知,“他的朋友推荐”这个动作发生在tried这个动作之前,即“过去的过 去”,故用过去完成时。 27.(2014四川,9)She (phone)someone,so I nodded to her and went away. 答案答案 was phoning 句意:她当时正在给某人打电话,所以我对她点点头走开了。根据句意 可知该空表示过去某一时间正在发生的动作,所以要用过去进行时。 28.(2014江西,2
21、4)Tony,why are your eyes red? I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. 答案答案 have been cutting 句意:托尼,为什么你的眼睛红了?过去的五分钟里我一直 都在剁辣椒。根据本题中的 for the last five minutes 可以判断动作从过去开始,持续到现在,并 且可能现在还在进行,故用现在完成进行时。 29.(2014湖南,32)All we need (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit
22、 trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. 答案答案 is 句意:我们所需要的就是一小片土地,我们可以在一年中播种的季节里在那儿种植 各类果树。根据题干可知All指代的是a small piece of land,所以谓语动词要用单数形式,整句 话的语境为一般现在时,故填is。 考点二考点二 被动语态被动语态 1.(2018北京,9)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the moun- tains for two days. 答案答案 ha
23、d been trapped 句意:一位救援人员冒着生命危险营救了两名已经在山中被困两天 的游客。根据句中主句的谓语动词risked可知事情发生在过去,而“被困”发生在risked之前, 故用过去完成时。定语从句的先行词是two tourists,与从句的谓语动词trap之间是被动关系,因 此设空处应用过去完成时的被动语态。 2.(2018天津,13)My washing machine (repair)this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 答案答案 is being repaired 句意:本周我的洗衣机正在维修中,因此我不得不用手
24、洗我的衣服。 根据后面“用手洗我的衣服”可知这里表示“洗衣机正在维修中”,故用现在进行时;My washing machine与repair为被动关系,需用被动语态。因此,设空处需用现在进行时的被动语态。 3.(2018江苏,30)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan (carry) out in the past two years. 答案答案 had been carried 句意:上个月我被派到这个村子来检查那个发展计划在过去的两年 中的实施情况。考查动词时态和语态。设空处表示的动作应该发
25、生在主句谓语动词was sent 之前,属于“过去的过去”,且表示被动,所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。 4.(2017北京,29)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones (invent) yet. 答案答案 hadnt been invented 句意:在20世纪50年代的美国,大多数家庭家中只有一部电话,无 线电话还没有被发明出来。“无线电话”和“发明”之间是被动关系,根据语境可知要用过 去完成时的被动语态。 5.(2017天津,6)Nowadays, cyc
26、ling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 答案答案 is regarded 句意:如今,与慢跑和游泳一起,骑自行车被视为最好的、全面的运动形式 之一。设空处是句子的谓语动词,主语与regard之间是被动关系。句子的主语是cycling, 谓语 动词要用单数。根据时间状语Nowadays可知时态为一般现在时。 6.(2017江苏,27)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (fo
27、llow). 答案答案 was being followed 句意:他匆忙往家赶,从未回头看看是否有人跟着他。本题考查动 词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据句意可知,设空处应用被动语态,且表示当时正在被跟踪,从 句中主语为he,故填was being followed。 7.(2016北京,30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward)with success in the end. 答案答案 will be rewarded 句意:学生们一直都很努力学习功课,最终回报他们的努力的
28、将是成 功。根据语境可知设空处需用一般将来时;their efforts与reward之间为被动关系,故用被动语 态。综上所述,答案应为一般将来时的被动语态。 8.(2016江苏,22)More efforts, as reported, (make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply -side structural reform. 答案答案 will be made 句意:据报道,为了加速供给侧结构性改革,在今后几年将做出更大的努 力。根据in the years ahead并结合句意可知,动作发生在将来,故用一般将来时,主语More e
29、f- forts与make为被动关系,故用被动语态。综上所述,答案为will be made。 9.(2015天津,9)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides. 答案答案 has been reached 句意:尽管之前进行了多轮谈判,但到目前为止双方没有取得一致意 见。考查动词的时态和语态。根据题干中的时间状语so far可知此处应该用现在完成时,而a- greement与谓语动词之间为被动关系,所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。 10.(2015北京,22)Did yo
30、u enjoy the party? Yes.We (treat) well by our hosts. 答案答案 were treated 句意:你们在聚会上玩得愉快吗?是的,我们被主人们招待得很 好。本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据对话内容可知所谈事情发生在过去,且主语We与动词 treat之间为被动关系,故答案为一般过去时的被动语态。 12.(2014大纲全国,22)Unless some extra money (find),the theatre will close. 11.(2015四川,4)More expressways (build) in Sichuan soon to p
31、romote the local economy. 答案答案 will be built 句意:四川很快会建更多的高速公路来促进当地经济的发展。本题考查 时态和语态。由语境可知用一般将来时,且主语expressways和动词build是被动关系,故答案为 一般将来时的被动语态。 答案答案 is found 句意:除非找到一些额外资金,否则这家剧院就得关门。由主句中的will可知 unless引导的从句应用一般现在时表将来,且money和find之间是被动关系,故答案为is found。 考点三考点三 情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词和虚拟语气 1.(2018北京,12)In todays infor
32、mation age, the loss of data cause serious problems for a company. 答案答案 can 句意:在当今这个信息时代,对于一个公司来说,数据的丢失会造成严重的后果。 本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知,语境要体现的是一种客观的可能性,且cause 为动词原形, 因此用can符合语境。 2.(2018北京,13)They might have found a better hotel if they (drive) a few more kilometers. 答案答案 had driven 句意:如果他们再多行驶几千米,他们或许就会找到一
33、个更好的宾馆了。本 题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中主句的谓语might have found可知本句为与过去事实相反的虚 拟,因此if引导的从句中谓语动词形式应为had done,故填had driven。 3.(2018天津,10)I cant find my purse. I have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure. 答案答案 could/might 句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我可能昨天把它落在超市了,但我不确定。 本题考查情态动词。设空处表示对过去事情的推测,且根据题干中的“Im not sure”可推知 此处表示
34、不确定的推测,故用could/might表示“可能”。 4.(2018天津,15)If we (catch)the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 答案答案 had caught 句意:如果昨天我们赶上那趟航班了,我们现在就会正在沙滩上享受我们 的假期了。本题考查虚拟语气。If从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,其谓语动词需用“had+ 过去分词”形式。 5.(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I (
35、have) a second chance to become more involved. 答案答案 had 句意:这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活,我希望自己能再获得一次机会去更 多地参与其中。考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句往往用虚拟语气,此处表示与现在事实 相反的假设,故填had。 6.(2017北京,21)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf. 答案答案 can 句意:Samuel是我们班里最高的男孩,他可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书。考查情 态动词。can表示“可以
36、,能够”,表示能力,符合语境。 7.(2017天津,2)My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. 答案答案 neednt 句意:我的房间很乱,但是在今晚外出之前我不必打扫它,我可以早晨打扫。 设空处表示不必做某事,所以用neednt。 8.(2017天津,15)Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes. Otherwise, I (be) able to reach her yesterday. 答案答案 wouldnt have
37、been 句意:你有Betty的电话号码吗?有,否则,昨天我就不能联 系到她了。设空处是对过去发生的事进行虚拟,应该用would have done结构,此处要用否定形式。 9.(2017江苏,22) (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. 答案答案 Were 句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。 根据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语 气
38、中通常用were,当虚拟语气中if引导的条件状语从句省略了if时,从句部分应部分倒装。 10.(2017北京,34)If the new safety system (put) to use, the accident would never have hap- pened. 答案答案 had been put 句意:如果新的安全系统被投入使用,这起事故就不会发生了。本题考查 虚拟语气。根据题干中的主句谓语部分would never have happened可知语境是对过去发生的 事进行虚拟。 11.(2016北京,31)I love the weekend, because I get u
39、p early on Saturdays and Sundays. 答案答案 neednt 句意:我爱周末,因为我不必在周六和周日早起。neednt表示不必。 12.(2016北京,34)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you (tell)me, I could have helped. 答案答案 had told 句意:你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我,我本可以帮你 的。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的could have helped和last week可知设空处为与过去事 实相反的虚拟语气,故答案为
40、had told。 13.(2016天津,5)It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank you had recommend-ed. 答案答案 couldnt 句意:真令人恼火。我不能进入你推荐的数据库。根据It was really annoying 可知应用couldnt。 14.(2016天津,15)I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadnt been wearing one, I would (injure). 答案答案 have been injured 句意:我那时系着安全带呢。如果我没
41、系安全带的话,我可能就受 伤了。根据句意可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为would+ have done。主语I与injure为被动关系,故需用被动语态,故答案为 have been injured。 15.(2016江苏,27)If it (be)for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now. 答案答案 had not been/hadnt been 句意:如果不是因为那天他的邀请,我现在是不会在这里 的。根据句意可知,本句为错综条件句。主句和现在的事实相反,从句和过去的事实相反,故从 句谓语动词为
42、过去完成时。 16.(2015北京,34)If I (see) it with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it. 答案答案 hadnt seen 句意:如果不是我亲眼看到,我是不会相信的。本题考查虚拟语气。由主 句谓语“wouldnt have believed”可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟,条件从句应该用过去完 成时。 17.(2015江苏,28)It might have saved me some trouble if I (know) the schedule. 答案答案 had known 句意:要是我知道安排的话,我可能会省一些事儿。
43、本题考查虚拟语气。 由主句 “It might have saved me some trouble”可知此处是与过去事实相反的假设,所以用过 去完成时。 18.(2015天津,13)I wish I (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then. 答案答案 had been 句意:要是上周二我能参加我姐姐的婚礼就好了,可是那时我正在纽约出 差。考查虚拟语气。wish后的从句对过去情况进行虚拟时应用had done。 19.(2015安徽,32)It is lucky
44、we booked a room,or we have nowhere to stay now. 答案答案 would 句意:很幸运,我们预订了一个房间,要不我们现在就没有地方可以住了。本题 考查虚拟语气。or前面是真实的情况,or后面表示对现在的虚拟,用would do的形式,故答案为 would。 20.(2015陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I (dance) as well as her. 答案答案 danced 句意:Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者,我希望我能跳得像她一样好。本题考查虚 拟语气。wish后面用一般过去时表示对现在的虚
45、拟,故答案为danced。 21.(2015北京,29)Cant you stay a little longer? Its getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone. 答案答案 must 句意:难道你不能再多逗留一会儿吗?时间不早了。现在我确实得走 了。我的女儿独自一人在家。本题考查情态动词。根据上下文可知答案为must(必须)。 22.(2015浙江,4)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak. 答案答案 couldnt 句意:这里如此嘈杂以至于我们无法听到自己说话。本题考
46、查情态动词。根 据语境可知此处表达“我们不能听到自己说话”,并且时态为一般过去时,故答案是couldnt。 23.(2014湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey (be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. 答案答案 had been 句意:如果Dewey先生当时在场的话,他会为那里的人们提供任何可能的帮 助。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的would have offered及上下文逻辑可知设空处与过去事 实相反,故答案为had been。在虚拟语气中,如果条件从句和主句均与过去事实相
47、反,条件从句 谓语动词为:had+过去分词,主句谓语动词为:would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。 24.(2014福建,32) (be)there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. 答案答案 Were 句意:要是没有现代化的通讯工具,我们要等上几周才能获取世界各地的新闻。本题 考查虚拟语气。根据主句的would have to可知设空处表示与现在事实相反的假设,if条件从句谓语 动词应用“动词的过去式”,
48、即If there were.,在虚拟条件句中可以省略if,把were提到句首。 25.(2014重庆,3)Ive ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking when we get home tired. 答案答案 neednt 句意:我已经预订了一些比萨饼,所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做 饭的事了。本题考查情态动词。根据句意可知答案为neednt。 26.(2014江苏,31)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves, bring me food. 答案答案 should 句意:让我难过的是,他们自己那么贫穷,竟然还给我带来食物。本题考查情态 动词。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气,意为“竟然”。 A A组组 2016201620182018年高考模拟年高考模拟单句
