1、人教版选择性必修第四册人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction单词讲解单词讲解1.同义词：同义词：novel（n.）小说（）小说（adj.）新颖的）新颖的2.test.on.在在.上做实验上做实验形近词：形近词：text（n.）文本）文本3.more than 超过，不仅仅，非常超过，不仅仅，非常4.ridicule（n.）嘲笑，愚弄）嘲笑，愚弄5.integrate（v.）使融为一体）使融为一体integrated（adj.）综合的）综合的6.pay具体工作报酬具体工作报酬 wage工资，工钱工资，工钱 income收入收入7.absurd=ridiculous（a
2、dj.）荒谬的）荒谬的8.appoint（v.）指派，委派）指派，委派9.sailman（n.）男销售员）男销售员10.guilt（n.）内疚，罪行）内疚，罪行11.suspension（n.）悬挂）悬挂12.dismissal（n.）解雇）解雇dismissible（adj.）可解雇的）可解雇的13.declaration（n.）宣称）宣称14.however然而然而=whereas=nevertheless=nonetheless15.presumption（n.）假设）假设16.week（n.）周）周17.calculator（n.）计算器）计算器calculation（n.）计算）计算
3、18.chairman（n.）男主席）男主席19.blur（v.）使变得模糊不清）使变得模糊不清20.super（adj.）特等的，极好的（）特等的，极好的（adv.）十分，非常）十分，非常be inferior to 比比.低级低级superiority（n.）优势）优势 21.反义词：反义词：action（n.）行动）行动act（v.）行为）行为22.turn out to be结果是（出乎意料的结果）结果是（出乎意料的结果）23.die out消失消失24.divide（v.）分割）分割25.urgent（adj.）紧急的）紧急的26.randomly（adv.）任意地）任意地27.mi
4、nimum（n.）最小量）最小量28.explosion（n.）爆炸）爆炸explosive（adj.）爆炸性的）爆炸性的形近词：形近词：explore（v.）探索）探索29.stunned（adj.）震惊的）震惊的30.muddy（adj.）泥泞的）泥泞的31.overstate（v.）夸大）夸大B.Key words1.guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的内疚的；有罪的；有过失的guilt n.内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行be guilty of 犯有犯有罪罪be/feel guilty about/over/for.对对/为为感到内疚感到内疚/有愧有愧【热点归纳
5、】【热点归纳】B.Key words【考点精练】【考点精练】(1).我因为说了谎话而感到内疚。我因为说了谎话而感到内疚。I feel guilty about having told a lie.(2).She had feelings of _ about leaving her children and going to work.(3).It was ridiculous that the corrupt official was declared not guilty _ corruption.guiltofB.Key words2.ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
6、愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的It is/was ridiculous that.是荒谬的。是荒谬的。a ridiculous idea 荒唐的主意荒唐的主意look ridiculous 看上去可笑看上去可笑sound ridiculous 听起来荒谬听起来荒谬absolutely/totally ridiculous 荒谬绝伦荒谬绝伦【热点归纳】【热点归纳】B.Key words【考点精练】【考点精练】:完成句子完成句子(1).（是荒谬的）是荒谬的）they are short of water in a country where it is always raining.(2).词汇复现词汇复
7、现She （看上去很可笑）看上去很可笑）in this hat while she was fond of the style.(3).It sounded like （荒唐的主意）（荒唐的主意）.However，it was the idea that led to this invention.It is ridiculous thatlooked ridiculous a ridiculous ideaB.Key words3.suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓悬；挂；暂停；暂缓suspend.from.把把悬挂在悬挂在上，暂令上，暂令停职停职(停学停学)suspense n.悬念
8、；焦虑悬念；焦虑in suspense 悬而未决悬而未决【热点热点归纳】归纳】B.Key words(1)Julie_(suspend)from her job shortly after the incident.(2)The wonderful film gave me a good experience because of its _(suspend).(3)He didnt tell me the truth，which kept me _ suspense all day.【考点精练】【考点精练】was suspendsuspenseinB.Key words4.dismiss v
9、t.让让(某人某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除离开；解散；解雇；消除 dismiss sb.for sth.因因而解雇而解雇/开除某人开除某人dismiss sb.from sth.解雇解雇/开除某人开除某人【热点归纳】【热点归纳】(1)The servant (dismiss)for being lazy and dishonest.(2)She claimed she was unfairly dismissed her post.【考点精练】【考点精练】was dismissedfromB.Key words【热点归纳】热点归纳】5.appointment n.预约；约会；委任预约；约会；委
10、任make/have an appointment with sb.和某人有约和某人有约keep an appointment 赴约赴约 by appointment按照预约按照预约appoint v.任命；委派；安排，约定任命；委派；安排，约定appoint sb.(as/to be.)任命某人任命某人(为为)appoint sb.to do sth.指派某人去做某事指派某人去做某事B.Key words【考点精练】【考点精练】(1)Im coming here by (appoint)to collect my salary and bonus.(2)She_ (appoint)mayor
11、 of the city for her integrity and what she had done for the public.(3)Mr Black is a careful and experienced engineer so he is often appointed _(deal)with some challenging tasks.appointmentwas appointedto dealB.Key words6.dignity n.庄重；庄严；尊严庄重；庄严；尊严【考点精练】【考点精练】1.We do this because we believe in the _
12、（尊严）（尊严）and value of every person.2.The terminally ill（绝症患者）绝症患者）should be allowed to die _ dignity.【热点归纳】【热点归纳】教材原句教材原句:He always treated her with dignity.托尼处理一些事情总是让她觉得很有尊严。托尼处理一些事情总是让她觉得很有尊严。dignitywithwith dignity 有尊严地；体面地有尊严地；体面地B.Key words7.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布表明；宣称；公布declare sb./sth.to be.宣布某人
13、或某事是宣布某人或某事是declare for/against 赞成赞成/反对反对declare war(on.)(向向)宣战宣战declare that 宣布宣布【热点归纳】【热点归纳】B.Key words(1)The chairman declared_ suspending the decision to increase the employees salary.(2)He had a third examination and _(declare)unfit for duty.(3)It_(declare)that there will be no school this afte
14、rnoon.forwas declaredis declared【考点精练】【考点精练】B.Key words易混辨析易混辨析declare，announcedeclare 一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，其一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，其后可跟复合宾语，还有后可跟复合宾语，还有“断言，宣称断言，宣称”之意。之意。announce 多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。多指提前宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。1.The government has plans to create 10,000 new jobs.2.In September，the government war on
15、the drug dealers.【考点精练】【考点精练】:announce，declareannounceddeclaredB.Key words8.pace 1）n.速度；步伐；节奏；速度；步伐；节奏；(跑或走的跑或走的)一步一步 2）vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏；以脚步丈量确定速度；调整节奏；以脚步丈量【热点归纳】【热点归纳】at a steady/gentle pace 以稳定的以稳定的/徐缓的速度徐缓的速度at ones own pace 按照某人自己的节奏按照某人自己的节奏keep pace with sth/sb 与某物与某物/某人并驾齐驱某人并驾齐驱,步调一致步调一致 se
16、t the pace 确定速度；领先确定速度；领先 pace up and down 踱来踱去踱来踱去B.Key words 翻译：翻译：1）那位导演步测了舞台的长度。那位导演步测了舞台的长度。2）他开始在屋里踱来踱去。）他开始在屋里踱来踱去。【考点精练】【考点精练】The director paced out the length of the stage.He began to pace up and down in the room.B.Key words9.urge 1)n.强烈的欲望；冲动强烈的欲望；冲动 2)vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐催促；力劝；大力推荐教材原句P8 I had a
17、 strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些随机在我眼前闪过的东西我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些随机在我眼前闪过的东西!B.Key words【热点归纳】【热点归纳】an urge for success 成功的欲望成功的欲望have an urge to do sth 有做某事的冲动有做某事的冲动urge sb to do sth 力劝某人做某事力劝某人做某事urge sth on/upon sb 强烈要求某人某事强烈要求某人某事urge that.竭力
18、主张竭力主张It is/was urged that.坚决主张坚决主张(从句用虚拟语气，即从从句用虚拟语气，即从句句谓语用谓语用“should+动词原形动词原形”形式，形式，shoud可省略可省略)B.Key words拓展：拓展：adj:urgent adj.紧急的；紧急的；急迫的急迫的 in urgent need of.急需急需 n.urgency n.紧急；紧急；急迫急迫 a matter of great urgency 极为迫切的问题极为迫切的问题这份报告呼吁应教会所有的儿童游泳。这份报告呼吁应教会所有的儿童游泳。The report _that all children _.Th
19、e money could be better spent on more _ cases.这笔钱用于较紧迫的事情也许会好些。这笔钱用于较紧迫的事情也许会好些。urges(should)be taught to swim.【考点精练】【考点精练】urgentB.Key words10.division n.分开；分隔；差异；除分开；分隔；差异；除(法法)教材原句P8The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky，but soon there was division between night and da
20、y.太阳和月亮看起来好像被抛起来划过了天空，但很快就有了太阳和月亮看起来好像被抛起来划过了天空，但很快就有了昼与夜的分隔昼与夜的分隔B.Key words【热点归纳】【热点归纳】divide vi.&vt.把把隔开；分配；分享隔开；分配；分享divide.into.把把分成分成divide(up)sth among/between.在在之间分配之间分配/分分【考点精练】【考点精练】该国可以被分为三个主要地区。该国可以被分为三个主要地区。The country can _.be divided into three main areasB.Important phrases1.test out
21、检验；测试检验；测试1.test v._ n._ test on sth _ test out _【考点精练】【考点精练】【教材原句】It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife，Claire.它将由拉里它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔测试。的妻子克莱尔测试。测验测验;测试测试;检查检查;考验考验测试测试在在上做试验上做试验检验；测试检验；测试B.Important phrases2.stand the test of time _3.Once each teacher spent an hour,one day a week,_(test)pupils in
22、 every subject.4.It may be five or six years before the new drug can _(test)on humans.经得起时间的考验经得起时间的考验testingbe testedB.2.or rather 更确切地说更确切地说【教材原句】【教材原句】So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read，or rather,scan.于是克莱尔借了一些图书馆的书给他于是克莱尔借了一些图书馆的书给他看，更确切地说给他扫描一下。看，更确切地说给他扫描一下。【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】rathe
23、r than 而不是而不是other than 除除之外之外more than 很，非常；超过；不仅仅是很，非常；超过；不仅仅是Important phrasesB.The children are learning to eat.，they are learning table manners.Mary，you，was rewarded the first prize in the competition.I dont know any French people you.He is our teacher.He is also our best friend.Or ratherrather
24、 thanother thanmore than【考点精练】【考点精练】Important phrasesB.3.turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是教材原句P8Night came as if a lamp was being turned out,and in another moment came the day.黑夜来临了，黑夜来临了，仿佛一盏灯被熄灭了，转瞬之间，仿佛一盏灯被熄灭了，转瞬之间，白天来临了白天来临了Important phrasesB.常见用法常见用法turn out(to be).最后结果是最后结果是；最终成；最终成 为为
25、It turns/turned out that.结果是结果是；证明是；证明是Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.事情最终正如这位教授所预见的那样。事情最终正如这位教授所预见的那样。It turns out that he is innocent.=He turns out to be innocent.结果表明他是无辜的。结果表明他是无辜的。Important phrasesB.联想拓展含有联想拓展含有turn的其他常用短语的其他常用短语turn against(使使)反对；反对；(使使)与与反目反目tu
26、rn away拒绝；拒绝；把把打发走打发走turn down调低；调低；拒绝拒绝turn up调高；调高；出现出现turn in上交；上交；交还交还Important phrasesB.turn on打开打开 turn off关闭关闭turn to转向；转向；翻到；翻到；求助于；求助于；(使使)变成变成turn over翻页；翻页；(使使)翻转；翻转；移交移交Important phrases我们一直期待的晚会结果让人很失望。我们一直期待的晚会结果让人很失望。The party we had been looking forward to_ _.turned out to be a great
27、 disappointment.B.Important sentences1.He seemed more like a human than a machine.他看起来更像一个人而不是一台机器。他看起来更像一个人而不是一台机器。more.than.“与其说与其说不如说不如说”，“是是而不是而不是”。more than与数词连用，意为与数词连用，意为“超过；不止超过；不止”，相当于，相当于over；more than与名词连用，意为与名词连用，意为“不只是；不只是；不仅仅不仅仅”，相当于，相当于not only；more than与形容词、副词连用，意为与形容词、副词连用，意为“非常，很非常
28、，很”，相当于，相当于very。【热点归纳】【热点归纳】B.Important sentences(1)She is more than a teacher to us.She is our friend.她不仅仅是我们的老师，她是我们的朋友。她不仅仅是我们的老师，她是我们的朋友。(2)What the saleswoman watched last night was more like a science fiction film than a new product launch.这位女售货员昨晚看的更像是一部科幻电影，而不是一这位女售货员昨晚看的更像是一部科幻电影，而不是一部新产品发布
29、会。部新产品发布会。【考点精练】【考点精练】:把下列句子翻译成中文把下列句子翻译成中文B.Important sentences2.As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.将将here，there，now，then，in，out，off，away等等表示地点或时间的副词或者介词短语置于句首，且表示地点或时间的副词或者介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词时，主谓用完全倒装。当主语为代词时，主语为名词时，主谓用完全倒装。当主语为代词时，主谓语序不变。主谓语序不变。【句式分析】【句式分析】B.Important sentences【考点精练】【考点
30、精练】:补全句子补全句子(1)In the dark corner of the room，_(那只猫跳了起来那只猫跳了起来)and caught the mouse.(2)我们走了。我们走了。_we_.(3)老师来了。老师来了。Here_.(4)The plane flew away.Away_ _ _.up jumped the catOffgocomes the teacherflewtheplaneB.Important sentences3.suggest（that）+主语主语+（should）do.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】It is suggested
31、that+主语主语+（should）do.The suggestion is that+主语主语+（should）do.【误区警示】【误区警示】（1）suggest 表示表示“建议建议”时，后面不能接时，后面不能接to do，但可，但可以接动词以接动词-ing 形式，形式，即即suggest doing sth.。The coach suggested having another match.教练建议再进行一场比赛。教练建议再进行一场比赛。B.Important sentences（2）suggest 表示表示“暗示，表明暗示，表明”时，后面的宾语从句不用时，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。虚拟
32、语气。Janes pale face suggested that she was ill，and her parents suggested that she（should）have a medical examination.简苍白的脸表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医疗检查。简苍白的脸表明她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医疗检查。B.Important sentences【考点精练】【考点精练】单句语法填空单句语法填空2020 天津卷天津卷 To help us prepare for the exam，the teacher suggested （read）through our note
33、s.My deskmates sleepy look suggested that he _（be）tired of his study and I suggested that he _（have）a rest.readingwas(should)haveB.Important sentences The suggestion is all the people who will join in picking apples should wear a hat and a pair of gloves.句型转换句型转换 It is suggested that you should spen
34、d more time studying English._ thatThe suggestion is that you should spend more time studying English.B.1.出差去出差去 be away _ a business trip2.看上去更像人类而不像机器看上去更像人类而不像机器 seem more like a human _ a machine3.高大英俊，头发光滑，声音低沉高大英俊，头发光滑，声音低沉 tall and handsome _ smooth hair and a deep voice onthanwith短语填空短语填空Exe
35、rcises:B.4.逐渐欣赏某人的智慧和诚实正直逐渐欣赏某人的智慧和诚实正直 gradually admire ones _ _ _ 5.有尊严地有尊严地 _ dignity 6.提高某人的社会地位提高某人的社会地位 _ ones social position7.作为恩惠作为恩惠 _ a favourwisdom and integritywithimproveasB.8.涂指甲涂指甲 _ _ _ 9.对某人粗鲁无礼对某人粗鲁无礼 be _ _ _10.改变态度；转变态度改变态度；转变态度 _ _ _11.在恋爱；在交往在恋爱；在交往 be _ a relationship12.稳步改进稳
36、步改进 work steadily _ the improvements13.推开某人推开某人 push sb _14.感觉不只是想取悦某人感觉不只是想取悦某人 feel _ _ just the desire to please sbpaint ones nailsrude to sbchange ones attitudeinonawaymore thanB.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.Its ridiculous that this country declared war_ four countries at the same time.2.In doing scientific ex
37、periments，one must be more _ careful with the instruments.3.The secret police_(suspend)their victims from the ceiling and beat them.4.According to the new evidence，the saleswoman was declared _(guilt)of murder.onthansuspendedguiltyB.5.Among the biggest problems faced by the remote village _(be)the l
38、ack of experienced teachers.6.Test _your new life:Take a week away in your new town to explore and experience everything.7.The chairwoman declared that the working group _(dismiss)for failing to complete its task on time.8.He told me that he had made _appointment with the dentist to have his tooth p
39、ulled out next week.ishad been anoutdismissedB.完成句子完成句子1.In a word，I am _what you said.总之，我对你说的话非常满意。总之，我对你说的话非常满意。2.Due to the outbreak of the war，_ _.由于战争的爆发，所有的体育赛事都被暂停了。由于战争的爆发，所有的体育赛事都被暂停了。3.His work is _ before they are put on the market.他的工作是在新设计的汽车投入市场之前对它们进行检验。他的工作是在新设计的汽车投入市场之前对它们进行检验。more
40、 than content withall sports events were suspendedto test out new designs of carsB.4._because of her excellent work and diligence.由于出色的工作和勤奋的精神，她被任命为总经理。由于出色的工作和勤奋的精神，她被任命为总经理。5.She_about not being able to protect her own children.她对不能保护自己的孩子感到内疚。她对不能保护自己的孩子感到内疚。She was appointed as general managerhad feelings of guilt/was guiltyThanks for watching
