1、Unit 4词汇1.forever frev(r)adv.永远；【口】长久地forever and ever 永远，永久（尤用于故事中）Friends forever 2.familiar fmlir adj.熟悉的 反 unfamiliar 不熟悉的 be/get familiar _ 熟悉，与熟悉起来（主动意味）sth.be familiar _ sb.被某人熟知（被动意味）be on familiar terms with sb.与某人交情很好，和某人关系友好When Im away in places new,with no familiar faces in view.withto3
2、.adventure dventr n.历险（经历）;奇遇 adventurer/dventr(r)/n.冒险者;冒险家adventurous/dventrs/adj.有冒险精神的，喜欢冒险的；大胆创新的 It gives me pleasure to think of you,and the adventures weve been through.a sense/spirit of adventure 4.prefer prfr v.更喜欢 preferable/prefrbl/adj.较适合的;更可取的 preferably/pref()rbli/adv.最好是 preference/p
3、refrns/n.偏爱prefer+名词/动名词/不定式 更喜欢prefer A to B 喜欢A更胜过Bprefer doing.to doing.宁愿做而不愿意做prefer sb.(not)to do sth.宁愿某人（不）做某事4.prefer prfr v.更喜欢 prefer doing to doing =prefer to do rather than do=would rather do.than do.=would do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿意做have a preference for 对偏爱How do you prefer to make fri
4、ends?【高考链接】Unlike fast-food places,fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend.（2018年江苏卷阅读B）1.I prefer _(be)alone rather than stay with them.2.I prefer dogs _ cats.3.His brother _(prefer)_(remain)silent rather than_(voice)his opinion during the meeting.to betopreferredto remainvoice5
5、.lose track of 不了解的情况，不了解的动态track n.跑道；轨道 v.跟踪，追踪_ track of 与保持联系；了解的动态be on track 步入正轨back on track 重回正轨track _ 追踪到，追查到How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends?keepdown6.deliver dlvr v.递送，传送；发表 delivery/dlvri/n.递送deliver sth.to sb.把某物运送给某人deliver a speech/lectur
6、e 发表演讲delivery man 送货员on delivery 到货时 What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered?如果你突然开始以每秒1英尺（约30厘米）的速度上升，你会怎么死？你会先被冻死还是因窒息而死？牛排从多高的地方掉下来会正好烤熟？7.thanks to 归功于；多亏（通常做状语，多指好的方面）because of 着重某种原因的理由，在句中通常作状语due to 用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于”，在句中
7、多作表语，有时作状语，一般不用于句首 E.g.His absence is due to the storm.owing to 可以和due to换用，但在句中多作状语，也可作表语他明白，他能够见到他母亲最后一面是因为陌生人的善意。It was obvious to him that he can see his mom for the last time owing to strangers kindness.8.advance/dvns/n.进步，进展进步，进展；提前；前进；提前；前进v.前进；（知识、技术等）发展；促进；推动前进；（知识、技术等）发展；促进；推动adj.预先的；事先的预先
8、的；事先的【高考链接】She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves:nursing.(2020全国新高考1卷）派生词advancement/dvnsmnt/n.进步，进展advanced/dvnst/adj.先进的；高级的advancing/dvns/adj.年事渐高 She is still very active,in spite of her advancing years
9、.她尽管年事渐高，仍然十分活跃。advanced technology 先进的技术advanced English learner 高阶英语学习者_ advance 提前，预先The heavy luggage was sent in advance.in1.Britain was once one of the most _(advance)industrial nations in the world.2.There have been rapid _(advance)in medicine in the last 50 years.3.翻译句子：We got no advance not
10、ice of the changes._advancedadvancement我们事先没有收到有关变更的通知。9.significantly/snfkntli/adv.重大地，显著地重大地，显著地significant/snfknt/adj.重大的；有效的；有意义的significance/snfkns/n.重要性，意义insignificant/nsnfknt/adj.微不足道的;无足轻重的attach significance _重视 be of significance to=be significant to 对有重大意义 Thanks to advances in technolog
11、y,how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.to to 10.social media 社交媒体社交媒体 media/midi/n.大众传播媒介，大众传播工具(指电视、广播、报纸、互联网)medium/midim/adj.中等的;中号的 n.(传播信息的)媒介;手段 Summaryforever adv.永远familiar adj.熟悉的adventure n.历险（经历）;奇遇 prefer v.更喜欢lose track of 不了解的情况，不了解的动态deliver v.递送，传送；
12、发表（演讲，评论etc.）thanks to 归功于；多亏advance adj.预先的；事先的 significantly adv.重大地，显著地social media 社交媒体Summarysocial media significantly adventure advance prefer lose track of thanks to deliver familiar forever 社交媒体adv.重大地，显著地n.历险（经历）;奇遇adj.预先的；事先的v.更喜欢不了解的情况，不了解的动态归功于；多亏v.递送，传送；发表（演讲，评论etc.）adj.熟悉的adv.永远11.mai
13、ntain/menten/v.维持；维持；主张；维护，保养（机器，建筑物等）；供养主张；维护，保养（机器，建筑物等）；供养maintenance/mentnns/n.维护维护;保养保养;维持维持;(依法应负担的依法应负担的)生活费生活费;抚养费抚养费maintain a balance 保持平衡maintain a family 维持一家人的生活maintain a road 养路，修路 Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships without missing a beat
14、.（2018天津卷阅读A）The University of Adelaide employs full-time staff of fire prevention professionals.They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems fire alarms.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals？A.To provide part-time jobs for students.B.To l
15、ead the students to the nearest exits.C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.12.digital /ddtl/adj.数字的，数码的数字的，数码的digitize /ddtaz/v.(使信息使信息)数字化数字化13.enable/nebl/v.使可能，使发生使可能，使发生 enable sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事able adj.能够，有才能的能够，有才能的 be ab
16、le to do sth.能做某事ability n.能力能力 have the ability to do sth.有做某事的能力disabled adj.有残疾的有残疾的 He was born disabled.-Do you have Bettys phone number？-Yes.Otherwise，I _able to reach her yesterdayA.hadnt beenB.wouldnt have beenC.werentD.wouldnt be14.unusual/njuul/adj.异常的，不平常的异常的，不平常的usual adj.通常的，惯常的通常的，惯常的u
17、sually adv.通常地通常地unusually/njuuli/adv.不寻常地不寻常地Its unusual(for sb.)to do sth.（某人）做某事是不寻常的_ usual 照例，像往常一样asThe digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests,such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.15.tend/tend/v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事易于做某事，往往会发生某事 tendency/tendnsi/n
18、.倾向倾向;趋势趋势 tend to do 易于做某事，往往做某事 tend(to)sb./sth.照顾/护理/看护 Theres a tendency(for sb./sth.)to(do)sth.（某人）有做某事的倾向1.There is a _(tend)for this disease to run in families.2.When Im tired,I tend _(make)mistakes.tendencyto make16.criminal/krmnl/n.C 罪犯罪犯adj.犯罪的犯罪的；刑事的刑事的crime/kram/n.U(泛指)犯罪活动；C 罪行；C（单数，非正式
19、）不道德的行为；罪过commit a crime 犯罪 【链接教材】A young person could be old;a woman could be a man;we could even be sharing our information with criminals.17.throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃不分良莠一起抛弃【链接教材】But this doesnt mean we should throw the baby out with the bathwater.18.acquire/kwar/v.获得；学到（知识，
20、技能）获得；学到（知识，技能）acquirement n.(精神上的)获得；学识；成就acquire a good knowledge of 精通acquire a taste for sth.开始喜欢上某物【链接教材】She has acquired a good knowledge of English.1.(2018天津卷单项填空)It took him a long time_（acquire）the skills he needed to become a good dancer.2.(2015天津卷阅读D篇)Boldness a willingness to extend your
21、self to the extremeis not one that can be acquired overnight.to acquire19.goods dz n.商品 As Aristotle said,no one would choose to live without friends,even if he had all other goods.20.prove/pruv/v.证明，证实证明，证实（proved；proved/proven）proven/pruvn/adj.被证实的，经验证的被证实的，经验证的proof n.证据证据;证明证明;检验检验prove sth.to s
22、b.向某人证明某事 E.g.Can you prove your theory to us?Its proved that 已经证实prove sb./sth.(to be)+n./adj.证明某人/某物prove(to be)+n./adj.证明是/结果是【链接教材】To prove that making friends was easier in the past.Exercise1.prove sb.sth.()prove to sb.that()2.The plan _(prove)impossible.xprovesSummarymaintain v.维持；保养（机器，建筑物等）d
23、igital adj.数字的，数码的enable v.使可能，使发生 unusual adj.异常的，不平常的tend v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事criminal n.C 罪犯 adj.犯罪的；刑事的throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃acquire v.获得；学到（知识，技能）goods n.商品prove v.证明，证实Summaryprove goods acquire throw the baby out with the bathwater criminal tend unusual enabledigital mainta
24、in v.证明，证实n.商品v.获得；学到（知识，技能）不分良莠一起抛弃n.C 罪犯 adj.犯罪的；刑事的v.易于做某事，往往会发生某事adj.异常的，不平常的v.使可能，使发生adj.数字的，数码的v.维持；保养（机器，建筑物等）21.illustrate/lstret/v.（用示例、图画用示例、图画）说明，）说明，解解释释illustration/lstren/n.图解;图示illustrator n.插图画家 illustrate ones point 举例说明某人的观点illustrate _ 用来说明【链接教材】To illustrate how it is better to m
25、ake friends online.withIllustrate where science can be applied.2015年高考英语湖北卷阅读E 选项22.inspiring/nspar/adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的的 inspire /nspa(r)/v.激励;鼓舞;激发；给创作灵感 inspiration/nspren/n.U灵感;C启发灵感的人(或事物);C鼓舞人心的人(或事物)inspired/nspad/adj.受到启发的，受到鼓舞的inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事draw inspiration from 从中得到灵感【链接
26、教材】Lucy is a smart girl,her ideas are always inspiring.Genius is 99 percent perspiration and 1 percent inspiration.Thomas Edison 23.pour/pr/v.灌，注，倒；灌，注，倒；（雨）倾盆而下雨）倾盆而下；涌；涌进；涌出进；涌出pouring/pr/adj.（雨）倾盆的，滂沱的pour_向倒入/投入pour cold water over/on 对泼冷水pour oil on the flames【链接教材】Pour it into a pot and mix it
27、 with five grams of smiles.into火上浇油24.pack/pk/n.小盒，小包；包裹小盒，小包；包裹v.（把（把）打包）打包 a pack of 一包；一盒；一群（2019全国卷）We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs,seven to be exact.one pack of similar interests24.pack/pk/n.小盒，小包；包裹小盒，小包；包裹v.（把（把）打包）打包【常用搭配】pack._.把.打包；把某物装入.pack up 打点行李；收拾行李package n.
28、包裹；包；盒包裹；包；盒packed adj.异常拥挤的异常拥挤的be packed with.挤满.withExercise1.屋子里挤满了人。The room _ _ _ people.2.我在街头小店买了一包绿茶。I bought _ _ _ green tea in the corner shop.3.我们出发得很早，所以前一天晚上就收拾了行李。We were leaving very early so we _ _ our things the night before.is packed withpacked up a pack fort/kmft/n.&vt.安慰，慰藉comfo
29、rtable/kmftbl/adj.舒服的;舒适的uncomfortable adj.不舒服的comfortably/kmftbli/adv.舒服地;舒适地comforting/kmft/adj.令人安慰的，解忧的discomfort n.不舒服，不安 v.使不舒服，使不安one glass of comfortcomfort zone 舒适区in comfort 舒适地；放松地turn to sb.for comfort 向某人寻求安慰be a comfort to 对是一种安慰a comfort“令人感到安慰的人或事”，是抽象名词具抽象名词具体化体化的用法【高考链接】Take yourse
30、lf out of your comfort zone for a week,discover new personal qualities,and learn new skills.（2018全国2卷）【抽象名词具体化】success|honour|pity|surprise|failure|shame|danger Exercise1.Her children were _ great comfort to her.2.She seated herself _(comfort)in a big armchair.acomfortably26.patience/pens/n.耐心；克制力，忍
31、受力耐心；克制力，忍受力patient /pent/n.病人 adj.有耐心的impatient /mpent/adj.没有耐心的impatience /mpens/n.不耐烦patiently adv.耐心地two drops of patience26.patience/pens/n.耐心；克制力，忍受力耐心；克制力，忍受力with patience 耐心地lose/run out of ones patience 失去信心be patient with sb.对某人有耐心be patient of sth.忍受/忍耐某事Exercise1.Id been waiting for twen
32、ty minutes and I was getting _(patient).2.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher always pointed them out _ patience.impatientwith27.passion/pn/n.强烈的情感，激情强烈的情感，激情passionate/pnt/adj.热情的；热爱的passionless/pnls/adj.冷漠的have a passion _ 酷爱with passion 激动地be filled with passion 充满激情one bag of passionfor The pho
33、to on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand the shared passion for beauty.2017年天津卷阅读B 题设28.generosity/denrsti/n.慷慨，大方慷慨，大方generous/denrs/adj.慷慨的;大方的generously/dnrsli/adv.慷慨地；大方地an act of generosity 慷慨之举be generous to sb.对某人慷慨be generous _ sth.在某方面大方，不吝啬某物Its generous of sb.to do s
34、th.某人做某事真是慷慨one piece of generositywith29.humour/hjumr/n.幽默感；感觉，心情 humorous/hjumrs/adj.幽默的 humourless/hjumls/adj.一本正经的 a _ of humour 幽默感.and a slice of humoursensesense30.quality/kwlti/n.素质，品德；质量，品质 qualify vt.取得资格，使合格 qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的 qualification n.资格；资历be of poor/good/high quality 质量差/好/上
35、乘water/air quality 水质/空气质量quality of life 生活质量the quality of being funny and understanding funny situations（2015天津卷）The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools AthatB one CitD thisitonethat三者均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词 一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物。I have lost my umbre
36、lla；Im looking for it I have lost my umbrella；I think I must buy one The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I boughtMy seat was next to _ of the teacher.（2013辽宁，29）To her joy，Della earned first the trust of her students and then _ of her colleagues.(2013天津，12）At our factory there are a few mac
37、hines similar to _ described in this magazine.Summaryillustrate v.（举例;用示例、图画）说明，解释inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的pour v.灌；（雨）倾盆而下；涌进；涌出pack n.小盒，小包；包裹comfort n.&vt.安慰，慰藉patience n.耐心；克制力，忍受力passion n.强烈的情感，激情generosity n.慷慨，大方humour n.幽默感；感觉，心情quality n.素质，品德；质量，品质Summaryquality humour generosity passion
38、patience comfort pack pour inspiring illustrate n.素质，品德；质量，品质n.幽默感；感觉，心情n.慷慨，大方n.强烈的情感，激情n.耐心；克制力，忍受力 n.&vt.安慰，慰藉n.小盒，小包；包裹v.灌；（雨）倾盆而下；涌进；涌出adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的v.（举例;用示例、图画）说明，解释31.anxious/ks/adj.焦虑的，不安的；渴望的，急切的 anxiety/zati/n.焦虑;渴望 anxiously/ksli/adv.焦虑地，急切地 be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事 be anxious that 渴望
39、；非常希望._ anxiety 焦虑地 the ability to wait without becoming anxious or angrywith32.distance/dstns/v.使与保持距离，撇清和的关系 n.距离;间距;(两人关系的)疏远distant/dstnt/adj.遥远的;久远的；冷淡的，疏远的_ the distance 在远处in 【链接教材】When you make a suggestion,use less direct language than you would to make a statement or give an order.This mak
40、es it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.For example,you can begin with expressions such as Why dont we?How about?Or use a past tense to distance yourself from the suggestion:I was wondering whether33.postpone/pstpn/v.使（事件、行动等）延期，推迟 postpone _ sth.推迟做某事put off=delay 推迟，延期【链接
41、教材】Andy and Clara thought about postponing their trip.doing34.ordinary/dnri/adj.普通的，平常的，通常的 in the ordinary way=generally 一般地；通常地【链接教材】In his stories,he often focused on the everyday life of ordinary people in New York City at that time.35.fortune/ftun/n.大笔的钱，巨款；(影响人生的)机会，运气 misfortune n.不幸；灾难 fortu
42、nate/ftnt/adj.幸运的fortunately/ftntli/adv.幸运地unfortunately adv.不幸地make a/ones fortune _try ones fortune 碰运气be fortunate to do sth 有幸能做某事It is fortunate for(sb.)to do sth.（对某人来说）是幸运的 The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.发财，赚大钱36.drag dr v.拖，拉 drag in 把拉进去；硬把(某人)拉扯进(某事)【链接教材】Y
43、ou couldnt have dragged Jimmy out of New York;he thought it was the only place on earth.37.ought to 应该，应当 ought to do sth.应该做某事ought not/oughtnt to do sth.不应该做某事ought to(should)have done sth.本该做某事而未做ought not/oughtnt/to(should not)have done sth.本不该做某事却做了【链接教材】We figured that in twenty years each of
44、us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made,whatever they were going to be.38.correspond/krspnd/v.通信;一致;相应 correspondence/krspndns/n.通信；一致；相当 corresponding/krspnd/adj.相应的；相当的 correspondent/krspndnt/n.记者；通讯员；通信者correspond with sb.与通信correspond with/to sth.和某事物相一致；符合correspond to 类似于
45、；相当于【链接教材】“Well,yes,for a time we corresponded,”said the other.39.turn up（意外地或终于）出现（vi.）；调大，开大（热度，音量等）（vt.)【链接教材】I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight,and its worth it if my old partner turns up.turn on/off 打开/关掉 turn down 调低，拒绝 turn into 变成 turn over 翻转；移交 turn around 转身 turn to 转向，
46、翻到；求助于 turn out 结果是，证明是40.appointed/pntd/adj.约定的，指定的 appoint/pnt/v.任命;正式约定(时间、地点)appointment/pntmnt/n.约会；约定；委任 appoint sb to do sth.委派某人做某事 make an appointment 预约 【链接教材】Bob,I was at the appointed place on time.anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的；渴望的，急切的distance v.使与保持距离，撇清和的关系postpone v.使（事件、行动等）延期，推迟ordinary adj.普
47、通的，平常的，通常的fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款；(影响人生的)机会，运气drag v.拖，拉ought to 应该，应当correspond v.通信;一致;相应turn up （意外地或终于）出现（vi.）；调大，开大（热度，音量等）（vt.)appointed adj.约定的，指定的appointed turn up correspond ought to drag fortune ordinary postpone distance anxious adj.约定的，指定的（意外地或终于）出现（vi.）；调大，开大（热度，音量等）（vt.)v.通信;一致;相应应该，应当v.拖，拉
48、n.大笔的钱，巨款；(影响人生的)机会，运气adj.普通的，平常的，通常的v.使（事件、行动等）延期，推迟v.使与保持距离，撇清和的关系adj.焦虑的，不安的；渴望的，急切的41.strike/strak/v.划（火柴）；突然想到；撞；攻击 n.攻击；罢工 过去式：struck 过去分词：struckstrike a match 划火柴be struck by 被打动be on strike 在罢工 sth.occurs to/strikes/hits sb.=It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that 某人突然想到 strike sb.+prep.+the+身体部分（
49、“硬”用on；“软”用“in”）击打某人某处 【链接教材】When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago.1.The electricity workers have been _ strike for several weeks.2.The tower of the church _(strike)by lightening last night.onstruck42.plain plen adj.朴素的；明白的；直率的；口完全的，相貌平平的（委婉
50、说法）n.平原 42.plain plen adj.朴素的；明白的；直率的；口完全的，相貌平平的（委婉说法）n.平原 in plain clothes（警察）穿便衣的make yourself plain 把自己的话说得很明白in plain English/language 用简单的英语/语言【链接教材】Somehow I couldnt do it myself,so I went around and got a plain clothes man to do the job.43.scene/sin/n.场景；一场（戏剧）；现场；景象；情景 the scene of the accid
