1、agony agony auntsteam loosesink faultresolvestrategyn.痛楚，苦难痛楚，苦难知心阿姨知心阿姨n.蒸汽，水蒸气蒸汽，水蒸气adj.控制不严的控制不严的;松动的松动的,松散的松散的使（船）沉没使（船）沉没n.责任，过错责任，过错v.解决解决(问题问题/困难困难);决定决定,决心决心n.计谋，策略；行动计划计谋，策略；行动计划Words reviewsignalbreathtake a deep breathconcernannoyedadjustdutymoreovern.信号信号；暗号；暗号n.呼出的气，呼出的气，呼吸呼吸深吸深吸一口气一口气n
2、.忧虑，担心忧虑，担心adj.恼怒的，烦恼的恼怒的，烦恼的v.适应适应,(使使)习惯；习惯；调节调节n.职责，义务；职责，义务；责任责任adv.此外，此外，而且而且Words reviewaccidentby accidentcoreensure complexityforgivecriticiseembarrassmentn.意外事件意外事件,偶然因素偶然因素,事故事故偶然，意外偶然，意外地地adj.核心核心的的(课程课程、团体、团体等等)v.确保，保证确保，保证n.复杂性，错综复杂复杂性，错综复杂v.原谅，宽恕原谅，宽恕v.批评，指责批评，指责n.尴尬，尴尬，难为情难为情Words rev
3、iewboxingweavedeceive justifyfranklatterindependentapartfencen.拳击（运动拳击（运动）v.编编,织织v.欺骗欺骗v.证明证明有道理有道理；为；为辩护辩护adj.坦率坦率的的,坦诚的坦诚的,直言不讳的直言不讳的n.后者后者adj.独立的独立的adv.分离，分开分离，分开n.栅栏，围栏，栅栏，围栏，篱笆篱笆Words reviewUsing languagenon-defining attributive clauses Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer
4、the questions.aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wheretheresafamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b.laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.CIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened.2 Which sentences contain a clause with essential informatio
5、n and which with extra information?If you take away the clauses,do the sentences still make sense?Sentence(c)contains a clause with essential information,sentences(a)and(b)contain clauses with extra information.If we take away the clause of sentence(c),the meaning of it is incomplete.If we take away
6、 the clauses of sentences(a)and(b),the two sentences still make sense.3 Which clauses are separated by a comma,the ones with essential information or the ones with extra information?Sentences(a)and(b)with extra information are separated by commas.（1）先行词I dont like people _ never keep their words.Ein
7、stein,_ was a great Jewish scientist,created the theory of relativity.who who 限非限（2）引导词 His father is not a man _speaks ill of others behind their backs.His father,_ never speaks ill of others,is popular with his colleagues.We walked down the village street,_was built by local farmers.Theyre coming
8、back to us,_ means that they have been refused elsewhere,whothat who which which 限非限定非限定性定语从句：指人who;指物which which还可以指整个句子（3）逗号 He has a daughter who works in a hospital.He has a daughter,who works in a hospital.The food which wasnt in the fridge all went off.没有放在冰箱里的那部分食物坏了The food,which wasnt in th
9、e fridge,all went off.食物都坏了，因为没有放在冰箱里。（补充说明原因）和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词；常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。1.定语从句的先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系词通常省略。例：I have taken with me the two books(that/which)you asked me to return to the City Library.2.先行词是way且在定语从句中作方式状语时其后定语从句的相应关系
10、词that/inwhich可以省略。The way(that/in which)you look at the problem is wrong.当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。关系代词只能用which或whom。先行词指物时，用which；先行词指人时用whom。在这个结构中，介词的确定的原则是：1.依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。Heisthemanonwhomyoucanrely.2.依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。Illneverforgetthedayonwhichweworkedtogetherinthecou
11、ntryside.3.根据所表达的意思来确定。Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,throughwhichwecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.4.表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofwhichshespokefluently.在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开不可拆开使用，如lookafter,lookfor等。Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealt
12、hy.【注意】Complete the sentences with of whom,to whom,for which or in which.Theregion_theantelopesliveisverycold.Thevolunteer_Ispokesaidconditionsweredifficult.ZhongNanshanisahero_weshouldbeproud.Thereareseveralanimals_speciallawshavebeenintroduced.in which in which to whomto whomof whomof whomfor whic
13、hfor whichActivity 2 1Goforawalkinthecountryside,whereyoucanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.2Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends,whichwillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.3Trytoacceptyourmistakes,where/throughwhichyoucanlearnalot.4Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture,whereyouv
14、emadeyourdreamscometrue.Rewrite the tips using non-defining attributive clauses.Activity 3 Complete the joke.has lost his patience by nowhe thinks will impress Holmesis lying next to himhe finds annoying,who is lying next to him,which he finds annoying,which he thinks will impress Holmes,who has los
15、t his patience by now,lThough there have been cases _4_ it is thought to have spread between people,most of the _5_(confirm)cases are people who are from Wuhan.l l Visitors _3_ admire this beautiful spot may still remember the story.l Roller coasters often appeal to kids _4_ lives are boring,stressf
16、ul or controlled,an expert says.“The summers _5_ kids could be kids and float down a river in an inner tube are over【where,confirmed】【thatwho】【whose,when】l l There are many good websites _2_ you can check out the latest in the science world.l We stayed there for _3_couple of days before finally maki
17、ng our way to my mothers place,_4_ we will stay until my wife gets to America.l Mr Tesler started working in Silicon Valley in the early 1960s,at a time _3_computers were inaccessible to the vast _4_(major)of people.It was thanks to his innovations l It was during this time _4_ he loaned a book titl
18、ed“Structure and Function in Primitive Society.【where】【a,where】【when,majority】【that】Fun time!Activity 5 Listen and complete the conversations.ear to earhead off smileslaughinga smileActivity 6 Match the expressions you have completed in Activity 5 to their meanings.Think of more expressions about la
19、ughter.laugh ones head offlaughing stockbe all smilesgrin from ear to earcrack a smileDiscuss other situations in which you could use these expressions.哈哈大笑哈哈大笑 放声大笑放声大笑 忍不住大笑忍不住大笑为了取乐，作为消遣为了取乐，作为消遣笑到最后笑到最后笑到最后的人笑得最开心。笑到最后的人笑得最开心。Expressions about smile a good laugh burst out laughing fall about lau
20、ghing for laughs have/get the last laugh He who laughs last,laughs best.Discuss other situations in which you could use these expressions.傻笑傻笑咧嘴笑咧嘴笑朝某人微笑朝某人微笑苦笑苦笑幸灾乐祸地笑幸灾乐祸地笑窃笑窃笑 取笑取笑Expressions about smilegiggle,laugh foolishly,simpergrin smile at sb smile bitterly smirk snicker,laugh up ones sleev
21、e tease,make fun of Choose the pictures mentioned.Activity 8dbacacdActivity 9 1.the washing of the lions2.18th and 19th centuries3.19654.BBC News Channel5.smells to be carried6.19577.a really good harvestDiscuss which of the practical jokes you think is funny.Activity 10 LetLet s start with.s start
22、with.Now,my favourite one.Now,my favourite one.It It s a good one!s a good one!I donI don t get it.t get it.ThatThat s so funny!s so funny!I can imagine!I can imagine!1.achieve a positive state of mind2.maintain a healthy mind3.during times of difficulty4.a peaceful atmosphere5.picture the future6.l
23、ose ones patience7.in the middle of the night8.be pleased with9.grin from ear to ear10.laugh ones head off1.1.获得一个积极的心态获得一个积极的心态2.2.保持一个健康的心态保持一个健康的心态3.3.在困难时期在困难时期4.4.平静的气氛平静的气氛5.5.构想未来构想未来6.6.失去耐心失去耐心7.7.在夜里在夜里8.8.对对.感到高兴感到高兴9.9.咧着大嘴笑咧着大嘴笑10.10.大笑不已大笑不已11.be all smiles12.deserve a second chance13.fall over14.laughing stock15.crack a smile16.play practical jokes on17.play tricks on 11.11.满脸笑容满脸笑容12.12.值得再试一次值得再试一次13.13.摔倒摔倒14.14.笑料笑料15.15.微笑微笑;莞尔一笑莞尔一笑16.16.开真实的玩笑开真实的玩笑17.17.恶作剧，捉弄恶作剧，捉弄
