1、Unit 5 Revealing Nature学习目标 1.熟读单词；2.学习重点单词的延展词；3.单句的语法填空练习延展词；4.语篇句型中的重点短语.Starting OutWhat do you know about these unusual animals？Komodo dragonKomodo dragons:Komodo dragons were first encountered by Western researchers 1910.The researcher said the ancestor of the Komodo dragon most likely evolved
2、 in Australia and spread westward,reaching the Indonesia island of Flores 900,000 years ago.科莫多巨蜥最早是在1910年被西方研究人员发现的。研究人员说，科莫多巨蜥的祖先很可能是在澳大利亚进化而来，并向西传播，在90万年前到达印度尼西亚的弗洛雷斯岛。Duck-billed platypus The first scientists to examine a preserved platypus body judged it a fake in the late 18th century.The olde
3、st discovered fossil of the modern platpus dates back to about 100,000 years ago.18世纪晚期，第一批查看保存下来的鸭嘴兽尸体的科学家判定它是赝品。已发现的最古老的现代鸭嘴兽的化石可以追溯到大约10万年前。Duck-billed platypusNautilus Fossil records indicate that the nautilus has survived relatively unchanged for around 500 million years.It is often considered
4、a“living fossil”.化石记录表明，鹦鹉螺在大约5亿年的时间里相对稳定地存活了下来。经常被认为是“活化石”。NautilusMinute EarthA Journey of Discovery Dalian Discoveryland Theme ParkCharles DarwinBritish naturalist&geologist Darwins Theory of Evolution Natural Selection Theory of Evolution On the Origin of Species Darwin proposed the theory that
5、organisms(individual life forms)evolve extremely slowly.He stated that the organisms that were better suited to their environments would survive and pass on their favorable characteristics to the next generation,while the less suitable organisms would gradually die out.He called this process natural
6、 selection.Natural Selection有机体使.与.相适应将传给有利的特征灭绝Organization of the passagePart 1.(Para.1.)Darwin began his journey.Part 2.(Para.2-3)Darwin generated ideasPart 3.(Para.4)Darwin collected evidence.Part 4.(Para.5)Darwin developed his idea.Part 5.(Para.6)Darwin published his work,Theory of Evolution.Co
7、nclusion (Para.7)Darwins achievement and contribution to the world.Start of the journeyDuring the journeyAfter the journey 1.seed n.种子，籽；【书面】某物的起因/根源 词性转换：seedless adj.无籽的;无核的 seeding n.种苗，幼苗 seed of sth.【书面】某物的起因/根源【习语】You reap what you sow.链接高考 Of the common berries,strawberries are highest in Vit
8、amin C,although,because of their seeds,raspberries（覆盆子）contain a little more protein,iron and zinc（锌）.2018年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文distant 语义网络语义网络图图distant遥远的遥远的基本义基本义人和人之间关系人和人之间关系“遥远的遥远的”亲戚关系亲戚关系 /血缘血缘关系关系“遥远的遥远的”距离、时间距离、时间“遥远的遥远的”远亲的远亲的遥远的；远处的；遥远的；远处的；久远的久远的疏远的；冷淡的疏远的；冷淡的 2.distant/dstnt/adj.遥远的，久远的
9、；疏远的；远亲的 词性转换：distance /dstns/n.距离;遥远 近义词：far；remote a distant cousin/aunt/relative 远房堂兄弟/姑母/亲戚 in the distance 在远处 keep ones distance 保持距离 翻译：远亲不如近邻 A good neighbour is better than a brother far off.链接高考 To many people,technology means computers,hand-held devices,or vehicles that travel to distant
10、planets.However，technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem，touching lives in countless ways.2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文 3.answer the call 响应号召，接电话 answer the phone/the door 接电话/应门 answer a need 满足需求 Which job needs to answer the call all day along?receptionist custome
11、r service staff after-sales service staff 4.disgrace n.丢脸，耻辱 词性转换：grace n.优雅，高雅 disgraceful adj.可耻的;不名誉的 in disgrace 为人所不齿；失宠 be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事 bring disgrace on sb./sth.给蒙羞 disgrace oneself 丢脸近义词：shame 5.of all time 有史以来；一直 at times 有时；不时=from time to time at a time 一次，每次 at one time 曾经，一度=on
12、ce in no time 立刻，马上 at no time 在任何时候都不；决不（位于句首，句子用部分倒装）=by no meansWriting 我们在任何时候都不应该停止与人为善。-At no time should we stop being kind to others.Para.1 The captain of the ship,the Beagle,wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”.The person who ans
13、wered the call was not the captains first choice.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.Whats more,he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.Despite all this,his adventures on this s
14、hip would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.1.They rushed over to help the man _ car had broken down.2.Who is the person _ is standing at the gate?3.There is somebody here _ wants to talk to you.4.He seems not to have grasped what I meant,_ greatly upsets me.5.It w
15、as the best _(know)and probably the most popular of her songs.6._(science)research and environment conservation are closely connected.单句语法练习单句语法练习whosethatwhowhichknownScientific 6.geologist n.地质学家 词根 geo：earth 词性转换：geology n.地质学 geography n.地理 geographer n.地理学家 7.in question 讨论中的；考虑中的 out of questi
16、on 不在考虑之列;根本不可能 beyond question 毫无疑问 8.sample n.样本 v.对做抽样调查，品尝 a blood/water/soil sample 血样/水样/土样 Para.2 The young man in question,Charles Darwin,was a geologist and naturalist,fascinated by rocks,plants and animals.He left England on the ship,the Beagle,in 1831.The journey gave him the chance to st
17、udy various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin had spent some time in South America,his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.As he studied these,he asked himself the question:how did different species come to exist?单句语法练习单句语法练习1.M
18、adagascar is the most _(fascinate)place I have ever been to.2.I sat on the stairs and watched,_(fascinate).3.The baggage hall was _(crowd)and noisy.4.The market and street were crowded _ those whod come to buy daily necessities.5.When I got to school,I realized I _(leave)my backpack at home.fascinat
19、ingfascinatedcrowdedwithhad left 9.evolve v.进化；逐渐发展 evolve from sth./into sth.从逐步发展，由逐渐演变/演变成，发展成，进化成【高考链接】It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains.词性转换：evolution n.进化（论）;演变 evolutionary adj.进化的;演变的 10.adapt to 适应，适合+doing adapt v.使适应，改编 adapt oneself to doing=be adapted to do
20、ing使适应，适合 adapt.from.根据改编 1.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to _(live)at high altitudes.【2020全国卷III】2.All of them happen to be within walking _(distant)from one another,so you wont get wet.【2021山东听力】3.We naturally associate the name of Darwin with the theory of _(evolve)Exerciseliving dis
21、tance evolution Summaryseed n.种子，籽遥远的，久远的 distant answer the call 响应号召 be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事 有史以来；一直 of all timegeologist 地质学家in question 讨论中的；考虑中的sample 样本 适应，适合 adapt toevolution n.进化论Summaryseed n.种子，籽遥远的，久远的 distant answer the call 响应号召 be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事 有史以来；一直 of all timegeologist 地质学家
22、in question 讨论中的；考虑中的sample 样本 适应，适合 adapt toevolution n.进化论 Para.3 At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and had not changed since.But Darwin began to think differently.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.Maybe anima
23、ls evolved as they adapted to their changing environments?It was just an idea,but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.finch/fnt/n.雀科鸣禽beak/bik/n.鸟嘴，喙 Para.4 When the Beagle reached the Galpagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested hi
24、m the most.Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.单句语法练习单句语法练习1.I met Julia in the street yesterday.We _(not see)each other since she went to Beijing.2.The
25、basic design of the car is very similar _ that of earlier models.3.The world will be different,and we will have to be prepared to adapt_ the change.4.Teachers should inspire all students _(think)creatively.hadnt seentoto thinkto 11.suspect v.猜想，怀疑 n.（犯罪）嫌疑人，可疑分子 adj.可疑的，不可靠的 词性转换：suspicious adj.感觉可疑
26、的，令人怀疑的 suspicion n.怀疑，嫌疑 suspect that.认为.suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做)某事 suspect sb.to be/as.怀疑/认为(猜想)某人.12.ancestor n.祖先 【高考链接】The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head.2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 任务型阅
27、读 原文 Para.5 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor,which had arrived on the islands a long time before.Over time,it had slowly evolved into many new species.And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist:they evolved from earlier ancestor
28、s.Para.6 It was a completely new ideaa theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory in his book,On the Origin of Species.It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Many people refused to believe that living things,including humans,had evolved from lower forms of life.They wer
29、e shocked.But Darwins scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.convincing adj.令人信服的，描述事物的特征 Para.7 Today,On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.And it a
30、ll began with the journey on the Beagle.单句语法练习单句语法练习1.I watched the car _ it was out of sight.2.Abraham Lincoln _ as the most successful president of modern times.3.Scientists say there is no _ evidence that power lines have anything to do with cancer.4.This was a nasty attack and the woman is still
31、 very _.untilwas regardedshockedconvincing1.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Darwins interest in various living things made hime a great naturalist.B.Darwins journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.C.Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evloved over time.
32、D.Darwin made his Theory of Evolution though he wasnt thought highly of at first.2.Why were many people“shocked”by Darwins theory?A.Because Darwins theory was a completely new idea.B.Because Darwins father predicted that he would be a disgrace.C.Because many people had never been on a journey before
33、.D.Because many people thought humans were totally differnt from animals and plants.3.What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage?A.courageous B.founder of Theory of Evolution C.working in a scientific wayD.talkative and persuasive4.What can you infer according to the passage?A.Darwin pu
34、blished his book On the Origin of Species after returning from his journey 28 years ago.B.People in Europe in the 1800srefused to believe Darwins theory because he didnt complete his medical degree.C.New species of plants and animals have evolved from a common ancestor.D.On the Origin of Species is
35、regarded as one of the most influential works ever written.13.generate v.产生，创造 词性转换：generation n.产生，发生，一代 generator n.发电机 generate 指创造，产生热/电等能量produce 指生产/制造（商品）14.characteristic n.特征，特性 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的 词性转换：character n.品格；特征；人物，角色，汉字；性格 It is characteristic of sb.to do sth.某人会做某事，做某事是某人的特点 中国特色社会主义
36、道路 the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics 15.decline v.减少，谢绝，婉言拒绝；n.下降，衰退 decline to do sth.拒绝做某事 decline to 下降/减少到 decline by 下降/减少了 be on the decline=be in decline 在下降，在衰退 a sharp/steep decline 急剧下降 sbs declining years 书面暮年；晚年“拒绝拒绝”同义词辨析同义词辨析：deny v.正式拒绝，不允许。指不允许某人拥有某物或做某事。decline v.正式
37、拒绝。指婉言谢绝他人的帮助、邀请等。refuse v.拒绝，回绝。普通用词，指拒绝做某事或接受别人所给之物，作后者解时常可与turn down 换用。reject v.拒绝。指拒绝接受或考虑某事，或指由于不能让人满意而不接受、不录取等。1.In Samarkand,Mr.Bissell admires the architectual wonders,while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when _(suspect)of drug dealing.【2020新高考I阅读C改编】2.The project i
38、s designed _(generate)around 30 megawatts of power for the nation.3.They slowly evolved _ several different species,each adapting to their environment.Exercisesuspected to generate into 16.tortoise/tts/n.陆龟 giant tortoise 巨型陆龟 turtle“巨大的巨大的”同义词辨析同义词辨析：huge adj.巨大的，庞大的。含义很广，指体积、数量、程度方面极大的，但通常不用于重量。en
39、ormous/nms/adj.巨大的，庞大的。指尺寸或数量巨大的。giant adj.巨大的，庞大的。只作定语，指比其他同类事物大的。vast/vst/adj.巨大的，广阔的，浩瀚的。多指空间、面积、范围巨大的。17.blame v.责怪，指责，把归咎于 n.过失，责备 blame sb./sth.for sth.因而责备某人/事 blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame（for sth.）（因某事）该受责备，用主动形式表示被动意义 take the blame for 为承担责任 18.be native to 源于.的，原产于.native adj.本地的，
40、本国的 n.土著，本地人 ones native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语 be a native of 的人；生长于的动物或植物 go native 入乡随俗 =When in Rome,do as the Romans do.19.primitive adj.原始的，低等的 n.原始派画家 primitive man 原始人 primitive societies 原始社会 primitive tribes 原始部落“原始的，最早的原始的，最早的”同义词辨析同义词辨析：original adj.最初的，原始的。指最早存在或出现的，只作定语。init
41、ial adj.开始的，最初的。指发生或出现于某过程的初始阶段的，只作定语。primitive adj.原始的，远古的。指生命或人类发展的初期阶段的。mangrove/mrv/n.红树(一种热带树木，生于水中或水边，并从树枝上长出新根须)iguana/wn/n.鬣蜥（一种大型热带美洲蜥蜴）b-like adj.梳状的 带有like的单词：lifelike 栩栩如生的，逼真的 childlike 孩子般的，天真烂漫的 ladylike 淑女风范的，文雅的 dreamlike 如梦似幻的 21.worldwide adv.遍及全世界 阅读同义转换之表示“全世界”的表达：around the wor
42、ld all over the world the entire world the whole worldacross the worldunder the sun 22.myth/m/n.（古代的）神话【可数名词】23.legend/lednd/n.传说，传奇(故事)League of Legends 英雄联盟Summarysuspect v.猜想，怀疑ancestor n.祖先 generate v.产生，创造 characteristic n.特征，特性 decline v.减少，谢绝，婉言拒绝因而责备某人/事 blame sb./sth.for sth.adj.本地的，本国的 nat
43、iveprimitive adj.原始的，低等的 worldwide 全世界myth n.（古代的）神话Summarysuspect v.猜想，怀疑ancestor n.祖先 generate v.产生，创造 characteristic n.特征，特性 decline v.减少，谢绝，婉言拒绝因而责备某人/事 blame sb./sth.for sth.adj.本地的，本国的 nativeprimitive adj.原始的，低等的 worldwide 全世界myth n.（古代的）神话 24.detect v.发现，察觉（通常不可用进行时）;探测 词性转换：detective n.侦探 de
44、tector n.检测器；发现者 detection n.侦查；发现 detect a lie 识破谎言 25.pesticide n.杀虫剂，农药 pest(n 害虫害虫)+-cide(killer 杀手杀手)suicide 自杀 homicide 杀人 genocide 种族灭绝，大屠杀 -cide 杀，切杀，切 等于-cise-,-cid-,-cis-scissors 剪刀 decide 决定（快刀斩乱麻）decision-decisive precise 精确的，准确的 incise 雕刻 incisive 尖锐的，一针见血的 incisor 门牙 26.root n.根；（问题的）根
45、源；起源，根本 v.生根；扎根 root in 来源于；起因于 root cause 根本原因 27.link v.把联系起来，连接；n.联系 link up 联合，连接；使结合；使连接表示“和有关系/联系”的短语有:1.be related to 2.be connected with 3.be relevant to 4.be linked to/with5.have something to do with 1.Many skin cancers are completely curable if they _(detect)in the early stages.2.English m
46、ajors would be asked to explore the _(root)of language.3.You can tell this by cafe life.French cafe are always _(crowd)【2021新高考I卷】Exerciseare detected rootscrowded 28.fungus/fs/n.真菌 （复数fungi/fi/）词性转换：fungal/f()l/adj.真菌的 29.cybercrime n.网络犯罪 合成词合成词：cyber(网络、计算机网络、计算机)+crime(犯罪活动犯罪活动)Cyber Monday 剁手星期
47、一 30.centimetre /sentmit(r)/n.厘米 kilometer 千米 decimetre 分米 millimeter 毫米 nanometre 纳米词汇强化练习词汇强化练习1.He raised questions meant to plant _(种子)of doubts in the minds of jurors(陪审员).2.To _(产生)new money the sport needs to be more entertaining.3.There is little doubt,however,that things will improve in the
48、 not too _(遥远的)future.4.There was a vast _(距离)between psychological clues and concrete proof.5.All in all,at least at this stage,its unlikely that online learning will _(进化)into the dominant form of education.seedsgeneratedistantdistanceevolve词汇强化练习词汇强化练习6.His vice president also had to resign in _(
49、耻辱).7.His _(祖先)had come to America from Ireland.8.He is the most famous _(地质学家)in the country who has already had a school named after him.9.He _(怀疑)that the woman staying in the flat above was using heroin.10.We based our analysis on a random _(样本)of more than 200 males.disgraceancestorsgeologistsu
50、spectedsample过去完成时过去完成时 a Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor,.b Many people refused to believe that living things,including humans,had evolved from lower forms of life.1.常与时间状语“by+表示过去的时间”或before等引导的短语或从句连用 例：Silk had become one of the primary goods traded along the
