1、Unit 3 Language in use Module 12 Help 外研外研八年级上册八年级上册 What are they doing? They _ _ the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. are leaving Lead-in What are they doing? They are _ _ a table. hiding under What is he doing? He is _ _ from the sea and moving quickly to higher ground. running awa
2、y 祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、 劝告、希望、禁止、建议、请求或命令等。劝告、希望、禁止、建议、请求或命令等。 祈使句一般以动词原形开头，祈使句一般以动词原形开头， 无时态和数的变化。无时态和数的变化。 常见的句型如下常见的句型如下: : 一、祈使句 暗含的主语是暗含的主语是you，通常省略。否定句往往由通常省略。否定句往往由do not (dont)或或never开头。祈使句的句首或句末有时加开头。祈使句的句首或句末有时加 please, ,还可以加上称呼语，用逗号与句子主体隔开。还可以加上称呼语，用逗号与句子主体隔开。 1. 动词原形构成的祈使句动词原形构成
3、的祈使句 Have a nice day! Dont waste your time! Never be late again! Come this way, please. Please be quiet, boys! Make sure hes warm. Dont use the lift. 例例: : 2. Lets 构成的祈使句构成的祈使句 这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。 例例: a) Lets spend this weekend in the countryside. b) Lets take a taxi, shall we? 在请求、命令和口号中，常
4、用无动词祈使句，在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句， 它实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简洁有力。它实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简洁有力。 例例: : a) Just a minute, please! b) This way, please! 3. 无动词祈使句无动词祈使句 情态动词情态动词can和和could表示“能够，可以”等意表示“能够，可以”等意 义的用法。还可表示对现在或将来的推测，意为“义的用法。还可表示对现在或将来的推测，意为“ 会，可能”，但会，可能”，但can表示推测时，往往用于否定句和表示推测时，往往用于否定句和 疑问句。用于疑问句时，疑问句。用于疑问句时，can
5、比比could表示的“可能表示的“可能 性要大；用于否定句时，性要大；用于否定句时，cant表示“不可能”。表示“不可能”。 例例: : You cant be serious! 二、情态动词二、情态动词must/can/could表示推测表示推测 could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。 在以下例句中在以下例句中, ,can和和could均表示均表示可能可能: : a) He could be in pain. b) That could be harmful! c) Can/Could this be true? 情态动词情态动词must也可以表示猜测也可
6、以表示猜测, , 意为“一定，意为“一定， 准是”，通常只用于准是”，通常只用于肯定句肯定句。 例例: : Betty, you must know. Who sent the present? Can it be your brother? ( (表示不可能表示不可能) ) 对比下列一组句子: ( (询问可能性询问可能性) ) It must be your brother. I saw him in your room just now. ( (语气强烈，语气强烈， 表示非常肯定表示非常肯定) ) It cant be my brother. He is still in France.
7、Language practice 1. That _ be harmful! 2. Betty, you _ know! 3. _ _ from windows and heavy furniture. 4. _ _ _ street lights or under power lines. Stay away must could Dont stand near 1 1. It is dangerous. You _ keep out! 2. These stairs are not safe. You _ use them. 3. The rocks are falling down.
8、You _ get hit. 4. The river is too deep. You _ swim in it. 5. Betty _ know what to do because she did some basic medical training. must mustnt could mustnt must Complete the sentences with could, must or mustnt. 2 Underline the correct words to complete the first aid instructions. 1. Get / Do not ge
9、t medical help immediately. 2. Ask / Do not ask them where the pain is. 3. Lift / Do not lift them because you may drop them. 4. Keep / Do not keep them warm. 3 Complete the poster about earthquakes with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box. do not use hide under keep leave stay
10、away When there is an earthquake. 1. _ from the windows. 2. _ a table. 3. _ the lift. 4. _ the building quickly when the ground stops shaking. 5. _ calm. Stay away Hide under Do not use Leave Keep 4 Complete the conversation with the words and expressions in the box. chance Cover in pain in trouble
11、medical Tony: Daming is training hard for the big match. Lingling: Yes, the team has a good (1)_ this year. Tony: Oh no, Damings (2)_. Hes down! Lingling: It looks like hes (3)_. in pain chance in trouble Tony: Daming, what happened? Daming: Its my leg. Lingling: (4)_ him with my coat. Tony: But don
12、t move him. Lets wait for someone with (5)_ training. Lingling: OK. medical Cover chance Cover in pain in trouble medical 5 Complete the news report with the correct form of the words in the box. clear inside power rock trouble warn Information is coming in that there could be (1)_ because of heavy
13、rain in the north. The government is (2)_ people about falling (3)_. Some roads have a lot of rocks on them, but people are trying to (4)_ them quickly. clear trouble warning rocks clear inside power rock trouble warn In some places there is no (5)_. And people must stay (6)_ to keep away from falli
14、ng rocks. inside power Now read the report again and check () the true sentences. 1. There are problems everywhere because of rain. 2. The government is warning people about an earthquake. 3. Some roads in the mountains have a lot of rocks on them. 4. People are trying to clear the rocks off the roa
15、ds. 5. There is no problem with power. 6 Listen and complete the sentences. 1. We were having _ at home when the earthquake happened. 2. The room started to _. 3. Father shouted to everyone to get under the _. 4. We could not get out of the room because the _ would not open. 5. My father called for
16、help on his _. 6. People came to help us and we left our _. dinner shake kitchen table door mobile phone flat We were having dinner at home when the earthquake happened. The room started to shake and before we knew what was happening, father shouted to everyone to get under the kitchen table. We all
17、 sat on the floor under the table and waited. Tapescript When the ground stopped shaking, we got up and we werent hurt. We couldnt get out of the room, because the door wouldnt open. My father called for help on his mobile phone, and in three hours, people came to help us. They opened the door. We g
18、ot up and left our flat. 7 Read the passage and choose the correct answer. A ten-year-old girl saved about one hundred other tourists in 2004 by warning them that a tsunami, a huge ocean wave, was on its way across the sea. She knew what was happening because she learnt about underwater earthquakes
19、at school only a few weeks earlier, a newspaper reported. “I was on the beach and the water started to go funny,” Tilly Smith told the reporter from the newspaper. “There were bubbles（气泡气泡）and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami（海啸）（海啸）. I told Mum,” she said. Tillys
20、 mother and the hotel workers acted quickly. They cleared people from the beach just minutes before a huge wave reached the land. Luckily, no one died. Tillys teacher was very proud of her. “Shes a very clever girl. It is very lucky that our class were learning about this kind of tsunami just two we
21、eks before Christmas,” he told the newspaper. 1 Whats the best title for this passage? a) 2004 Asian tsunami. b) A girl saves tourists from tsunami. c) Underwater earthquakes. 2 What did Tilly notice? a) Water coming to the beach. b) People watching the water. c) Bubbles in the water. 3 What does he
22、r teacher think of Tilly? a) Shes lucky. b) She does not do silly things. c) She is a clever student. Special buildings in Japan Earthquakes are very common in Japan. Many can cause a lot of damage. But now there are new ways of constructing buildings to make them safer and stronger during earthquak
23、es. The Yokohama Landmark Tower is one of the tallest buildings in Japan. It is heavy and strong. It sits on rollers. This means the earth can rise and fall beneath the building without shaking it. Module task: 8 Make a list of accidents that can happen at school. Accidents How Where Hurting hands/
24、knees/ legs Running fast/ Playing football Playground Hitting your head Climbing a tree Garden Making a poster about preventing accidents at school 9 Work in groups. Choose an accident from the list in Activity 8 and give instructions about what to do. cold compress hot compress cover with bandage l
25、ift it up highly smear liquid medicine For not serious cuts, wash the area of cut, dry it and cover it with a piece of clean cloth. For serious cuts, never pull it out of the cut. Go to the hospital immediately. 10 Make a poster about preventing accidents at school using must/mustnt. You must stand
26、in line and wait for your turn for the lunch. You mustnt play, run, climb at school. present your poster to the class. 11 Exercise 1. My brother won the first prize in speech competition. Congratulations! You _ be excited about that! A. need B. must C. would D. can 一、选择题。一、选择题。 2. The lady in this p
27、hoto _ be over fifty! She looks so young! A. mustnt B. must C. cant D. can 3. This toy Mickey Mouse _ be Amys. Shes the only kid at the picnic. A. must B. can C. need D. cant 4. You _ be excited that youre going back to your hometown soon. Yes, I cant wait any longer. A. shall B. can C. need D. must
28、 5. Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann? It _ be her. She is giving a performance at the theatre now. A. may B. must C. cant D. mustnt 1. _ (look) out! A car is coming. 2. Be _ ( care) ! 3. Let _ (he) go. 4. _ ( not talk) and _ (read) aloud. 5. If you see the sign “_ (no) Parking”, you _ ( can ) park your car. 二、用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。二、用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 Look careful him Dont talk read No cant
