1、广东省深圳市龙岗区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、单项选择1The actions taken to carry out eco-friendly practices are _ of recognition and praised by environmentalists worldwide.AworthyBashamedCcriticalDcapable2The _ balance of ecosystems needs careful management to make sure they are kept healthy and c
2、an last for a long time.AimpressiveBsuitableCappreciativeDdelicate3Choosing the _ language and tone is important for communicating well with friends in our daily life.AembarrassingBappropriateCcomplicatedDinnovative4The science experiments _ surprised everyone in the class, showing that traditional
3、approaches can also lead to unexpected findings.AtrendBdefinitionCoutcomeDrule5The new online platform provides easy _ to a wide range of educational resources for students and teachers.AanswerBpreferenceCaccessDexit6Friends can form a strong _ because they trust each other and have shared experienc
4、es.AbondBvirtueCrejectionDconclusion7She was quick to _ external circumstances for her failures, rather than looking inward and assessing her own role.AassignBcomposeCblameDapprove8The coach emphasized the importance of _ their shooting skills during practice sessions.AconcludingBsharpeningCdeclinin
5、gDgenerating9Reading a variety of books _ individuals with knowledge and insights that contribute to their personal growth.AchargesBreplacesCsurprisesDequips10When I pressed the button, the light turned on _.AregularlyBinstantlyCextremelyDpreviously11After seeing her elder sister do well in the fiel
6、d of medicine, she decided to _ and pursue a career as a doctor.Athink on her feetBthrow in the towelCstep away from itDfollow in her footsteps12As the actors stepped onto the stage, the story _ through their vivid performances.Acame to lifeBanswered the callCcaught their eyeDbraved the elements13Th
7、e good thing about children is that they _ new environments very easily.Aadapt toBagree toCattend toDapply to14The majority of those people present were _ the plan rather than against it.Ain addition toBin exchange forCin favor ofDin contrast to15To create a cooperative working environment, everyone
8、 in the team should _ in the decision making process.Arise to their feetBhave a sayChold their horsesDlet off steam16Its amazing to see _ students can achieve when they can manage time well and follow their own schedules.AwhichBthatCwhatDwhy17They encountered countless hardships throughout their jou
9、rney, each of _ tested their will, but they succeeded in the end.AwhatBwhomCthatDwhich18My favorite time to read is at night _ everything is quiet.AwhenBwhereCwhyDwhich19I regret _ the opportunity to travel when I had the chance.Anot to takeBnot takingCnot being takenDnot to be taken20Having a balan
10、ced diet _ a crucial role in promoting good health and preventing diseases.AplayBplaysCis playedDhave played21The artist _ in painting completely, losing track of time as she poured her emotions onto her work.Awas absorbedBhas absorbedCabsorbedDabsorbs22Before his death in 1884, Gregor Mendel _ impo
11、rtant discoveries about genetics.Ahas madeBwould makeChad madeDmakes23Scientists _ the ocean currents since last month to better understand their influence on climate patterns.Awere studyingBhad been studyingCare studyingDhave been studying24Professor White _ the meeting with partners this time next
12、 week.AattendedBhas attendedCattendsDwill be attending25All the assignments _ online by last week, enabling students to receive timely feedback from the teachers.Ahad submittedBhad been submittedChave submittedDhave been submitted二、阅读理解Visitors often choose homestays as budget-friendly and secure ac
13、commodations, while also benefiting from language practice and local insights. The following are some appealing destinations with homestay options ideal for enjoying a fulfilling stay abroad.Lake Titicaca, PeruPeru is home to some of the greatest archaeological treasures in the world and exhibits so
14、me truly fascinating history. A homestay experience in Peru offers a vacation with a ton of insight into one of the most culturally and historically prosperous countries in the world. There are several homestays around Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in existence, providing authentic accommodations
15、with the added value of a look at pre-Inca ruins and centuries-old agricultural terraces.Amazon Rainforest, BrazilIf youve ever had the desire to explore the deepest reaches of the Amazon Rainforest, a Brazilian homestay could be a peaceful experience. Easily planned in Manaus, you can book a trip a
16、nd be paired up with a local family. Friendly guides offer a healthy insight into the rainforest ecosystem and teach guests survival tips in a natural environment.Yuvacali, TurkeyIn Turkeys southeast region, in the village of Yuvacali, visitors receive a raw experience of what daily life is like for
17、 local Kurdish families, a break from the busy urban life. A handful of families in the small village offer accommodation under the starry skies of Yuvacali in a tent decorated with colorful paintings or in a traditional, mud house.Tighza Valley, MoroccoThroughout Morocco, there are abundant opportu
18、nities to experience a homestay with a local family. One particularly magical place is within the breathtaking Tighza Valley. The bare valley, dusted with cacti (仙人掌) and leafy green leaves, is within the high-reaching Atlas Mountains, far from the chaotic, busy cities of Casablanca and Rabat. This
19、is rural Moroccan life at its finest: simple and scenic.26What makes the homestays in Peru appealing?AA look at rural simple life.BA look at Perus splendid past.CA look at local night view.DA look at the rainforest ecosystem.27Which destination offers a homestay for people interested in surviving in
20、 the wild?ALake Titicaca, PeruBYuvacali, TurkeyCAmazon Rainforest, BrazilDTighza Valley, Morocco28What can visitors experience in both Yuvacali and Tighza Valley?AA sight of an ancient village.BA special camping experience.CAn escape from fast-paced city life.DA breathtaking view of a valley.I love
21、to eat, but feeding others is my love language. Serving delicious, home-cooked meals was my best attempt at making new friends. I dont want to brag (吹嘘), but my food is pretty good. Everyone was asking me for the recipes, which is how Bun Bo Bae, my Vietnamese cooking blog, came to be.Looking back,
22、Ive probably been meant to start a food blog. I spent most of my childhood in the kitchen with my mom. As a child, Id watch her cook. My duties started with just passing her the ingredients. Soon, I was measuring, steaming and stir-frying my way toward kitchen mastery. I left for college before I co
23、uld learn my moms best dishes.In 2015 I was living alone while studying abroad in France. I was desperately homesick. So, I called my mom and asked for the recipes for my favorite dishes. She couldnt give me a single measurement for any dish that wasnt the way she learned how to cook. My grandma pas
24、sed on her knowledge orally. Now it was my turn. My mom taught me how to “measure with my heart.” Instead of following strict measurements, I learned to cook by tasting and feeling my food.Bun Bo Bae originally served as a space for me to put down what I learned. I didnt want the secret knowledge be
25、hind my familys dishes to disappear one day if the oral tradition ended. As my followers grew, so did my confidence in the kitchen. It also grew my confidence at work. I taught myself social media and web building, and the skills helped me land my job at NPR. I even hosted a cooking class for my col
26、leagues to celebrate AAPI Heritage Month.My blog has given me a space to write about what I love, connecting me to new internet friends. Most importantly, it has allowed me to celebrate my Vietnamese culture with those who share a deep love for cooking.29What can we learn about the author from the f
27、irst two paragraphs?AShe was particular about friends.BShe stopped cooking after college.CHer plan of a blog started in childhood.DHer family inspired her love for cooking.30Which of the following best describes the authors mothers way of cooking?AShe cooked by experience.BShe followed strict instru
28、ctions.CShe adjusted family recipes.DShe valued accurate measurements.31What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning Bun Bo Bae?AIts impact.BIts origin.CIts popularity.DIts development.32What is the purpose of the passage?ATo provide cooking advice.BTo share a blogging experience.CTo document a famil
29、y practice.DTo recommend Vietnamese dishes.When babies first begin to talk, their vocabulary is very limited. Often one of the first sounds they generate is “da,” which may refer to dad, a dog, a dot, or nothing at all.How does an adult listener make sense of these limited sounds? MIT and Harvard Un
30、iversity researchers carried out a study by analyzing thousands of hours of transcribed (转化的) audio recordings of interactions between children aged 1 to 3 and their caregivers, and developed computational models to examine how adults interpret childrens speech.The study found that models only based
31、 on the sounds produced by children were not very accurate in predicting what adults thought the children were saying. By comparison, models that involved rich representations of conversational topics, grammar, and expectations about words commonly used by children, such as ball and dog, outperforme
32、d other models in understanding childrens sounds.The researchers also found that when listening to children, adults base their interpretation of what a child is saying on previous exchanges that they have had. For example, if a dog had been mentioned earlier in the conversation, “da” was more likely
33、 to be interpreted by an adult listener as “dog” . The findings also suggest that when listening to children, adult listeners include expectations of how children commonly mispronounce words, such as “weed” for “read.”“Adults with lots of listening experience possess complex systems of language unde
34、rstanding, enabling them to comprehend young childrens speech,” says Roger Levy, a professor of brain and cognitive (认知的) sciences at MIT. “At this point, we dont have direct evidence that those systems are directly facilitating language acquisition in young children, but I think its reasonable to a
35、ssume that they are making the process more effective and smoothing the path to successful language acquisition by children.”The researchers now plan to explore how adults provide immediate feedback may help to facilitate childrens ability to learn language. One way the researchers hope to study thi
36、s interplay between child and adult is by combining computational models of how children learn language with the new model of how adults respond to what children say.33What is the new study aimed at?AAnalyzing audio recordings of interactions.BDeveloping computational models for languages.CStudying
37、the way adults understand childrens sounds.DUnderstanding the reasons for childrens mispronunciations.34What is important for adults to understand childrens speech?AModels involving inaccurate predictions.BInterpretations based on their previous interactions.CInterpretations concerning childrens beh
38、avior.DModels based on childrens correct pronunciations.35How do adults affect childrens language learning according to Roger Levy?ATheir listening skills have little influence on it.BTheir listening experience directly facilitates it.CTheir language processing abilities guarantee it.DTheir language
39、 understanding systems contribute to it.36What will the research team probably study in the future?AThe responses that children give to adults.BThe relationship between adults and children.CAdults efforts to improve childrens listening ability.DAdults responses to support childrens language learning
40、.Lay eggs and make noises thats it? Anyone involved in chicken farming knows that the animals are capable of much more. Researchers have found evidence that roosters (公鸡) could recognize themselves in a mirror. Whether this is successful, however, depends on the experimental contexts.Whether animals
41、 can recognize themselves and thus have self-awareness is one of the central questions in behavioral research. The mark test, a classic test for self-recognition came to the scientists. In the test, if an animal stands in front of a mirror and begins to explore the colored mark placed on its body, t
42、his is considered proof that it recognizes its reflection as itself.“However, our goal was to conduct the mirror test in an environment that is better adapted to the ecologically relevant behavior of the roosters,” says Sonja, a researcher from the University of Bonn. She came up with the idea of us
43、ing a natural behavior of roosters for the experiment.Initially, the researchers set up a test area and placed a net to separate two compartments (隔间), through which the roosters could see each other. Then a picture of a fox was placed onto the ceiling of one compartment. Faced with the predator, th
44、e roosters let out 77 alarm calls in the presence of a partner, but only 17 when they were alone. The result shows that most roosters, faced with a fox, do alarm partners, which is the perfect illustration of the animals self-awareness. The next step was to place a mirror between the two compartment
45、s instead of the net. In all, only 25 alarm calls were let out. “The result indicates that the roosters dont mistake their reflection for a partner, and possibly recognize themselves in their mirror image,” says Sonja.For comparison, the team also performed the classic mark test. Here, the roosters
46、didnt recognize themselves in the mirror. The research team sees clear evidence that the classic mirror-mark test produces more reliable results when the behavior of the particular species is included in an ecologically relevant context. “In the classic situation, a rooster may not show self-recogni
47、tion,” says Sonja. “But when a fox threatens him, it becomes clear that his reflection is not another rooster, but himself.” Further research on animals self-awareness is needed so as to better understand animal rights and animal welfare.37What is the purpose of the mark test?ATo explain why animals show certain behavior.BTo discover what behavioral research focuses on.CTo tell whether animals can identify their mirror image.DTo reveal how animals get u
