1、Discovering Useful Structures新人教选择性必修三B.不定式作表语Learning AimsAfter this period of the class,you will be able to:1.understand and grasp the pragmatic features and functions and different meanings of the infinitives as the predicative;2.use the infinitives properly in the designed context;3.make up shor
2、t conversations using the infinitives fluently and correctly.(language output)B.Read these sentences and fill in the blanks using the correct words from the text on pages 2 and 3.Discuss with your partner the function of the italicized infinitives.1.Perhaps the best _ to understand Western art is to
3、 look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.2.During the Middle ages,the _ of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.waypurposePredicative 表语Predicative 表语B.3.In this work,Monets _ was to convey the light and movement in the scene.4._was no longer(to)show reality,but
4、instead to ask the question,“What is art”?aimWhat they attempted to doPredicative 表语Predicative 表语B.1.基本形式：to+动词原形 2.其否定形式是:not/never to do.3.注意：不定式没有人称和数的变化。主动语态 被动语态一般式进行式完成式完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing一、不定式的形式总结归纳B.1、动词不定式作表语的构成：am/is/are/wa
5、s/were+不定式2、当句子主语的表示目的、打算、计划、任务等时，常用不定式作表语如：aim,desire,wish，ambition,hope,intention,plan,purpose,difficulty,duty,idea,job,method,principle,problem,reason,risk,role,task,way，advice,等用来解释主语描述的行为或说明该行为带来的结果。另外，不定式前可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，what,who,how,when,where等。二、动词不定式作表语的结构、含义与功能B.3、功能（1）表示目的 e.g.Her intention
6、is to be admitted into a key university.To learn a language is to use it.（2）表示事态发展的结果或者一种期望 e.g.To take the challenge is to risk his life.Her wish is to become a doctor.All she wanted was to be left alone in her own room.B.4、某些动词不定式短语作表语时，需用主动形式表示被动意义。e.g.He is to blame for the traffic accident?The
7、apartment is to let.此房出租。B.三、动词不定式作表语和v-ing作表语的区别 1、当动词所表达的是某一具体的行为，将来的行为或有待于实现的行为时，通常用动词不定式作表语。v-ing动名词作表语则表示多次的、反复的、习惯性的行为与动作。2、动词不定式和v-ing作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致，即如果句子的主语为v-ing，则表语也应使用v-ing；若主语为动词不定式,则表语也应使用动词不定式。e.g.To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing.What he is addicted to is playing video
8、 games at night.B.练一练1.The next step is _(put)the theory into practice.2.The aim of the zoo is _(educate)people rare species of wild animals.3.I hurried to the train station,but Steve was nowhere_.(see)4.Her dream was _(become)a traditional Chinese painter.to putto educateto be seento becomeB.5.His
9、favorite sport in summer is _(swim)in the sea.6.Keeping money you have found is _.(steal)7.The school are _.(observe)8.The medicine is _(take)three times a day after meals.9.What pleases her most during the holiday is _(bathe)in the sea.10.The purpose of the new policy is to make life easier,_it mor
10、e difficult.(not make)swimmingstealingto be observedbathingto be takennot to makeB.11.Her job is _(nurse)cancer patients in the hospital,but this weekend her task is _(provide)care to her grandpa.12.Whether it will do us harm or good remains _.(see)13.He is coughing.The virus seems _(attack)his lung
11、.14.Now the engine seems _(perform)well.15.Her hobby is _(collect)stamps and coins,as well as listening to music.nursingto provideto be seento have attackedto be performingcollectingB.Learn about the functional meaning and pragmatic features of infinitives through identifying key words of the subjec
12、t phrases matching the sentences halves.Match the sentence halves and underline the nouns or clauses used as the subject in each sentence.Explain the meanings of the complete sentences.B.Activity 3.Matching the sentences1.The young singers intention of performing the song was 2.The best way to do bu
13、siness is 3.What the survivors attempted to do was 4.The main purpose of art education in schools is 5.The aim of the two leaders at the conference was A.to build trust between you and your client.B.to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.C.to build a memorial to the heroes who saved
14、their lives.D.to share his love for rock music with his fans.E.to inspire students to be creative.B.6.For a humble person,one of the hardest things might be 7.When you are faced with a serious decision,my suggestion is 8.The mother believes her duty is 9.All he wanted after a tiring day was F.to be
15、left alone.G.to criticize other people.H.to listen to your own inner voice.I.to raise her son to become a man with a noble mind and a generous heart.B.Work in pairs.Make conversations using the following questions and sentence patterns.A：Whats your biggest ambition in life?B：My biggest ambition in l
16、ife is to run an international marathon in Beijing.A：Wow，that sounds great!How are you going to make your dream come true?B：I should practise，practise，practise and never give up!B.A：How are you going to achieve your goal?Do you have any plans?B：Yes，my plan is to run my first mara-thon in two years t
17、ime.I think all I have to do is start running shorter races，and then get used to longer and longer races.A：What might be difficult for you?B：I think one of the hardest things might be training my body and mind to endure such a long race.B.A：How are you going to deal with that?B：I guess the best way
18、to deal with that is to train slowly but with great focus，get a lot of support from friends and family，always be positive，and keep my long-term goal in mind.B.Workbook page62.Ex.1 Rewrite each sentence using the infinitive as the predicative.1.If you really want to learn driving,going to a driving s
19、chool might be the best choice.(my advice is.)If you want to learn driving,my advice is to go to a driving school2.He bought the computer just because he would rather work at home than go to the office.(The reason that.)The reason that he bought the computer was to work at home rather than go to the
20、 office.B.3.Doing deep breathing exercises for ten minutes can make you feel more relaxed.(A good way to relax is.)4.This year I hope I can achieve my goal of performing a flute solo(独奏独奏)at the schools art festival.(My goal this year is.)A good way to relax is to do deep breathing exercises for ten
21、 minutes.My goal this year is to perform a flute solo at the schools art festival.B.5.To tell you the truth,I take yoga classes simply because I want to stay in shape.(.,my purpose.)6.With his car stuck in the snow,he could do nothing but wait for help to arrive.(.,all he could do was.)To tell you t
22、he truth，my purpose in taking yoga classes is to stay in shape.With his car stuck in the snow，all he could do was wait for help to arrive.B.Workbook page 62 Exercise2 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.B.Star Primary Schools art studio,Room 26,is open to any chi
23、ld at playtime,lunchtime,or after school.On Fridays,if the children have completed all their schoolwork,they can spend the rest of day there.Artist Bob Smith and his assistant Joan Grant Gibb are the only adults_(work)there.They are the childrens employees.Room 26 is an independent business separate
24、 from the school,and has a committee of members all under the age of 12.For the committee,they need to think of some ways_(make)ends meet.They take and sell school photographs.They also make cards_(sell).workingto maketo sellB.Another way of managing their finances is_(raise)more funds.Thus they can
25、 pay for art materials and employ professional artists.Instead of _(teach)how to draw,the purpose of Room 26 is_(offer)a kind of creative education.In Room 26,students are encouraged_(be)creative and responsible for themselves.They have the freedom_(pursue)their own ideas and interests rather than_(
26、follow)a curriculum.to raise/raisingteachingto offerto beto pursuefollowing/follow B.Home work Workbook Page 62 Exercise 3(Language output)Work in groups.Imagine you are going to open an art studio like Room 26.Brainstorm ideas about the purpose of your art studio and your plan.Then write a short in
27、troduction about it.Try to use infinitives in your passage.The aim/purpose of our art studio is to B.Sample Writing The aim of our art studio is to get everybody being creative by making art.Our studio is to be called The Factory.Our hope is to bring the opportunity to make art to anybody in the loc
28、al community.The studio is to be open on Friday afternoon and evening and all-day Saturday and Sunday.Anyone is welcome to join.Our intention is to fund the project from donations and by selling works of art produced by the studio.Many different types of art techniques are to be taught.Members will have the chance to learn from teachers and artists as well as following books and online videos.
