1、Unit2Unit2语境感悟Lead in阅读以下短文，找出含有名词性从句的句子。阅读以下短文，找出含有名词性从句的句子。As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future，you might ask a question whether you should start your own business.You may have a brilliant idea，but before you decide to put it into action，it is wise to weigh up the ad
2、vantages and disadvantages of this option.objective clauseappositive clauseThere are many advantages of running your own business.It can be a source of personal growth，since you need to learn a lot of skills in order to become a successful business owner.For example，you should learn to sharpen your
3、leadership skills and motivate your employees，or to develop your financial management skills and keep track of all your receipts and payments.Another advantage is that you will be better able to provide for yourself and your family，or even the economy will benefit if you achieve commercial success.I
4、t is no surprise that being ones own boss is appealing to many people.predicative clausesubjective clauseHowever，there are disadvantages too.For one thing，running your own business means dealing with demanding work schedules.You may have to work long hours，or even work around the clock.For another，b
5、eing a business owner comes with great responsibilities.For instance，you will have to work out weekly，monthly and yearly budgets，and a wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and put other peoples jobs on the line.Also，you will need to make sure any loans you have are repaid on time.There
6、fore，when it comes to starting a business on your own，think twice before you act!objective clause语法精讲noun clauses定义：在句中起名词作用的从句，可以作为一个整体看待，其作用就相当定义：在句中起名词作用的从句，可以作为一个整体看待，其作用就相当于一个名词，从句用连接词与主句连接起来于一个名词，从句用连接词与主句连接起来。特点：名词性从句要用特点：名词性从句要用陈述语序陈述语序，即：连接词主语谓语。，即：连接词主语谓语。At present I know how I can apply
7、theory to practice.What I should do now is grasp the precious chance.连接词：名词性从句通常用一个连接词和主句连接。连接词：名词性从句通常用一个连接词和主句连接。连接代词连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever等，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定等，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语语连接副词连接副词when，where，how，why等，在从句中作状语等，在从句中作状语从属连词从属连词that，whether，if，as if/though
8、等，在从句中不作成分等，在从句中不作成分类别：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。类别：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。一、主语从句一、主语从句(在复合句中作主语在复合句中作主语)1.that，whether引导的主语从句引导的主语从句显而易见，学生们应该为自己的未来做好准备。显而易见，学生们应该为自己的未来做好准备。That they should get well prepared for their future is obvious to the students.It is obvious to the students that they should get we
9、ll prepared for their future.他是否会成功还有待观察。他是否会成功还有待观察。Whether he will succeed remains to be seen.It remains to be seen whether/if he will succeed.小结小结that引导主语从句不可省略引导主语从句不可省略；主语从句位于主句谓语动作前，主语从句位于主句谓语动作前，表示表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether。若用。若用it作形式主语，则作形式主语，则whether与与if可互换。可互换。2.以连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句常保留各自的疑问词义以连接
10、代词和连接副词引导的主语从句常保留各自的疑问词义人们仍然不知道这场火灾为何会发生。人们仍然不知道这场火灾为何会发生。Why the fire broke out is still unknown.It is still unknown why the fire broke out.如何学会欣赏中国文化对他来说仍然是一个重要目标。如何学会欣赏中国文化对他来说仍然是一个重要目标。How he can learn to appreciate Chinese culture remains an important goal for him.在这期间，人们所经历的任何东西都是新的、令人兴奋的。在这期间
11、，人们所经历的任何东西都是新的、令人兴奋的。During this period，whatever people experience is fresh and exciting.What we cant get seems better than what we have.我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的要好。我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的要好。小结：小结：如果主语从句过长，可以用如果主语从句过长，可以用it作形式主语。作形式主语。3.it作形式主语还常有下列句型：作形式主语还常有下列句型：It is名词名词(a fact，a pity，a question，no wonder.)that
12、从句从句It is形容词形容词(necessary，strange，important，possible.)that从句从句It is过去过去分词分词(said，reported，decided，believed，suggested，ordered.)that从句从句It动词动词(短语短语)(seem，happen，turn out，occur to.)that从句从句It is a pity that she has made such a silly mistake.她她犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误，真是遗憾。犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误，真是遗憾。It is very important that
13、a student(should)learn English well.学生学生学好英语很重要。学好英语很重要。It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.有人有人建议会议延期召开建议会议延期召开。It seems that he is not quite himself today.他今天好像不怎么舒服。他今天好像不怎么舒服。二、宾语从句二、宾语从句(在复合句中作及物动词或介词的宾语在复合句中作及物动词或介词的宾语)1.作及物动词或介词的宾语作及物动词或介词的宾语His tutor explained(that)he should r
14、ead more books.他他的导师解释道他应该多读书。的导师解释道他应该多读书。I will do what/whatever I can(do)to help him.我会尽我所能去帮助他。我会尽我所能去帮助他。I wonder whether/if they will come to our party.我我想知道他们是否会来参加我们的晚会。想知道他们是否会来参加我们的晚会。She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class.她她问我谁的书法是班上最好的。问我谁的书法是班上最好的。A modern city has bee
15、n set up in what was once a wasteland.一座现代城市已经在曾是废墟的地方建起来了。一座现代城市已经在曾是废墟的地方建起来了。It depends on how we solve the problem.这取决于我们如何解决这个问题。这取决于我们如何解决这个问题。2.it作形式宾语作形式宾语(1)find，consider，think，feel，believe，makeitadj./n.宾语宾语从句从句(2)enjoy，love，like，hate，appreciate，see to，insist on，depend on，rely onit宾语从句宾语从句I
16、 have made it clear that I will not accept this job.我已经表明我不会接受这份工作。我已经表明我不会接受这份工作。I hate it when people ask me for money.我我不喜欢别人向我要钱。不喜欢别人向我要钱。You can rely on it that he will turn up on time.你你可以相信他会准时出现的。可以相信他会准时出现的。、3.观察下列例句，总结宾语从句的特殊用法观察下列例句，总结宾语从句的特殊用法(1)He told me(that)he had two sons and that
17、they had both gone to college.他告诉我他有两个儿子，他们都去上大学了。他告诉我他有两个儿子，他们都去上大学了。(2)Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film.我正在考虑我们是否应该去看电影。我正在考虑我们是否应该去看电影。I cant say whether or not they can come tomorrow.我我不敢说他们明天是否能来。不敢说他们明天是否能来。She didnt know whether to go or to stay.她不知道是走还是留下。她不知道是走还是留下。总结总结(1
18、)当当and 连接两个或者两个以上连接两个或者两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，只有引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个宾语从句可省略第一个宾语从句可省略that，后面的宾语从句中的，后面的宾语从句中的that不能省略。不能省略。(2)作介词宾语、与作介词宾语、与or not或不定式连用时，只用或不定式连用时，只用whether不用不用if。三、同位语从句三、同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。它一般放在在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。它一般放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought，doubt
19、，promise，question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，或说明前面名词的具体含义。同位语从句通常由或说明前面名词的具体含义。同位语从句通常由that引导，也可由引导，也可由whether引导，或由连接代词引导，或由连接代词(what，which，who，whose等等)和连接副词和连接副词(when，where，why，how等等)引导引导。The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校他们比赛获
20、胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there.他他还没有作出决定是否去那里。还没有作出决定是否去那里。I have no idea where he lives.我不知道他住在哪里。我不知道他住在哪里。The question who should do the job requires consideration.谁应该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。谁应该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。同位语从句和定语从句的区别：同位语从句和定语从句的区别：(1)从意义上看，同位语从句是对一个名词的具体内容加以解释说明从意义上看，同
21、位语从句是对一个名词的具体内容加以解释说明；定语从句是对名词进行修饰限定。定语从句是对名词进行修饰限定。(2)从结构上看，从结构上看，that引导同位语从句时，不作成分引导同位语从句时，不作成分；that引导定语从句引导定语从句时作成分。时作成分。比较：比较：He told me the news that our team won.(同位语从句同位语从句)He told me the news that was exciting.(定语从句定语从句)四、表语从句四、表语从句(在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后)The trouble is that I have
22、 lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址弄丢了。麻烦是我把他的地址弄丢了。I was very angry.That was because he didnt come.我我很生气，那是因为他没来。很生气，那是因为他没来。(强调原因强调原因)He didnt come.That was why I was very angry.他没来，那就是为什么我很生气。他没来，那就是为什么我很生气。(强调结果强调结果)The reason why I was very angry was that he didnt come.我很生气的原因是他没来。我很生气的原因是他没来。The quest
23、ion is whether he can make it.问题是他能否成功。问题是他能否成功。返 回Practice makes perfect1.happened in my restaurant today was unbelievable.This afternoon a poorly dressed gentleman came into my restaurant.Nobody knew 2.he was.3.surprised us was 4.he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We wondered 5.
24、he was so hungry.There was some doubt 6.the man was able to pay the bill.The gentleman asked 7.we would mind waiting for just a few minutes.Then we were shocked to see 8.he took out of an envelopea million pound bank note.I heard the news 9.two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England.H
25、ence，10.the gentleman showed us couldnt be a fake.给下列短文中的名词性从句填上适当的引导词给下列短文中的名词性从句填上适当的引导词WhatwhoWhatthatwhywhetherif/whetherthatthatwhat11.a gentleman with a million pound bank note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there.I really couldnt describe 12.thrilled I was.返 回Thathow谢 谢
