1、Infinitives as the predicative（不定式做表语）01PART ONEInfinitives(to do)的句法功能非谓语动词之to do动词谓语非谓语donedoingto do具有动词的特征具有名词的特征具有形容词的特征具有副词的特征主语谓语表语宾语 定语状语宾补 to doIt is hard to give a precise definition.Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the c
2、enturies.During the Middle Ages,the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance.He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects,but their inner warmth and humanity as well.What th
3、ey attempted to do was no longer show reality,but instead to ask the question,“What is art?”In this work,Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.What is the function of the infinitives in each sentence?(P9-10)Read and discoverSubject主语Attribute定语Predicative表语Predicative表语Adverbi
4、al状语Predicative表语Object 宾语Object 宾语Predicative表语02PART ONEInfinitives(to do)的基本结构不定式的时态和语态：类别主动语态被动语态意义一般式to do 完成式进行式/完成进行式/to be done to have done to be doingto have been doingto have been done发生在谓语动词之后发生在谓语动词之前正在进行一直持续 总结 Think思考1.Location位置 2.Function功能 3.Use 用法Infinitives as the predicative（不定式
5、做表语）03PART ONEInfinitives(to do)的位置1.【位置】不定式作表语,位于系动词之后1.状态类:be动词;keep,remain,stay,2.感官类:look,feel(摸起来),smell,sound,taste3.变化类:become,grow,turn,get,go,come,run,fall4.像类:seem,appear,5.终止类:turn out 结果是,prove 证明是04PART ONEInfinitives(to do)的功能（1）His plan is to clean the room.（2）My duty is to help the s
6、tudents to learn and grow better.（3）The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow.主语主语(事物事物)be不定式不定式(作表语作表语)表示主语的具体内容表示主语的具体内容主语主语(人人)be不定式不定式(作表语作表语)表示将来，为表示将来，为“即将即将”之意。之意。2.【功能】05PART ONEInfinitives(to do)的用法常用不定式作表语的情况（1）当主语是u 建议:suggestion,advice,proposalu 目标与计划:aim,goal,purpose,planu 梦想
7、与希望:dream,wish,hopeu 职责:duty3.【用法】常用动词不定式作表语，表示主语的内容常用动词不定式作表语，表示主语的内容My dream is _(become)a painter.My suggestion about improving English is _(memorize)words every day.My duty is _(help)my students improve their English.My next plan is _(take)part in a competition.to cometo memorizeto helpto take（2
8、）以What引导的主语从句，常用不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。What I suggest is to ask your friends and teachers for help.What he wants is to solve the problem.What matters/counts most is to concentrate on your favourite things.（3）当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_或者主语被_或形容词_修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。All he wanted was to sit on the grass and drink
9、 some water.The least I can do to help is to lend her a car.我所能帮的最起码的事是借给她一辆车。The only thing he could do was to read the newspaper.allonly,first,one,least最高级（4）表“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止、预期的结果等”uThey are to marry next week.uYou must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed.uYou are to have a f
10、ace-to-face talk with them.uStudents are not to use mobile phone in school.（表安排）（表禁止）（表劝告）（表愿望）（5）动词不定式作表语可用于被动语态，相当于 _，具有情态意义。uThe regulations are _.=The regulations must be observed.uYou are _.=You should be rewarded.to be observedto be rewardedcan/could,should,ought to,must（6）某些动词不定式(短语)作表语时，需用主动
11、形式表示被动 uWho is _ the fire?谁应为这场大火承担责任？u The house is _.此房出租。to blame forto let 完成句子Finding a small neighbourhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.在一个辽阔的国家里找一个小社区被证明是不可能的。What am I to say if they ask me the question？要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？These books are not to be sold.这些书不应该被卖掉。In my opinion，sh
12、e is to blame.在我看来，她应该受到责备。to be impossibleWhat am I to sayare not to be soldshe is to blame不定式作表语，可以省略to的情况 动词不定式动词不定式(短语短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式作表语时，一般情况下不定式toto不能省不能省略，但略，但当前面的主语中有当前面的主语中有dodo的某种形式时，作表语的不定的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略式可以省略toto。eg:What you should do next is(to)help him with his English.The only thin
13、g he can do now is(to)give up the plan.All you need to do is(to)read your book carefully.前有do,后省to 对比填空对比填空P11My ambition is _(work)in the computer industry when I grow up.What I want to do is _(work)in the computer industry when I grow up.The most important thing to do is _(conquer)yourself.The mos
14、t difficult thing is_(get)this company running smoothly.to workworkconquerto get3 辨析 不定式做表语和动名词做表语的区别不定式作表语强调的是_的动作动名词作表语 强调的是_的动作Our work is (serve)the people.My job today is _(clean)the classroom.His job is to paint the walls within two hours.His job is painting walls.目前的工作日常的工作servingto clean一次性、
15、具体的、将要发生一般性、抽象的、经常发生 完成句子My job is teaching you English.我的工作是教你们英语。His dream is to be a doctor after he grows up.他的梦想是长大后当一名医生。teaching you Englishto be a doctor原则1:形式上，最好保持一致 uTo see is to believe.uSeeing is believing.眼见为实原则2:表达某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为，通常用to do作表语 uHer dream is to be an artist.uMy plan is
16、to purchase a new realistic painting.原则3:表达经常性的行为，常用doing作表语uMy hobby is painting.uMy favorite thing is painting portraits.动词不定式作表语1.当主语是建议、目标与计划、梦想与愿望、职责时，表示主语的内容，2.以What引导的主语从句，说明主语的内容。6.主动形式表示被动意义4.表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等3.当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词all5.用于被动语态，相当于can/could,should,ought to,must,具有情态意义Sum
17、mary1.Perhaps the best _ to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.2.During the Middle Ages,the _ of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.3.In his work,Monets _ was to convey the light and movement in the scene4._ was no longer show
18、reality,but instead to ask the question,“What is art?”way purpose aim What they attempted to do Read these sentences and fill in the blanks using the correct words from the text on pages 2 and 3.Practice and Apply1 The young singers intention of performing the song was2 The best way to do business i
19、s3 What the survivors attempted to do was4 The main purpose of art education in schools is5 The aim of the two leaders at the conference was6 For a humble person,one of the hardest things might be7 When you are faced with a serious decision,my suggestion is8 The mother believes her duty is9 All he w
20、anted after a tiring day wasA to build trust between you and your clientB to achieve permanent peace between their two countriesC to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their livesD to share his love for rock music with his fansE to be left aloneF to criticise other peopleG to inspire students to be creativeH to listen to your own inner voiceI to raise her son to become a man with a noble mind and a generous heart
