1、Review useful structure英语词类英语词类实词实词虚词虚词形容词形容词动词动词名词名词副词副词冠词冠词介词介词代词代词连词连词adj.content wordsfunctional wordsv.n.adv.art.prep.pron.conj.英语短语英语短语名词短语（名词短语（NP）动词短语（动词短语（VP）形容词短语（形容词短语（AdjP）副词短语（副词短语（AdvP）介词短语（介词短语（PreP）名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。指出下列句子中画线名词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。指出下列句子中画线名词短语所作的句子
2、成分，并注意其组成。1.These ideas may seem strange to you.作 _2.We love our great motherland very much.作 _3.The man wearing a black coat is our teacher.作_4.Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan Province.作 _5.We elected him monitor of our class.作 _ 主语主语宾语宾语表语表语主语主语宾语补足语宾语补足语合作探究合作探究1 1一、名词短语一、名词短语(NP)短语或词组是具
3、有一短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。或从句的一组词。1.名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作 _ 等。等。2.名词短语由名词短语由“(限定词限定词)(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)名词名词 (介词短语介词短语)”组成。组成。主语、宾语、表语、主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语宾语补足语 【提醒提醒】限定词包括冠词(a,an,the)、指示代词(this,that,these,those等)、物主代词(my,your,his,her,our,their等)和不定代词(some,no,neith
4、er,both等)。Conclusion 1一、名词短语一、名词短语(NP)指出指出下列句子中画线下列句子中画线部分所作的成分部分所作的成分。1.He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.作 _2.The tall building was built last year.作 _3.This is a very interesting book.作 _4.We made him captain of our team.作 _ 宾语宾语主语主语表语表语宾语补足语宾语补足语巩固内化巩固内化1 1一、名词短语一、名词短语(NP)二、形容词短
5、语二、形容词短语(AdjP)指出下列句子中指出下列句子中画线画线形容词短语形容词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。1.The air today is nice and clean.作 _2.She is a lively and lovely girl.作 _3.He found the film very interesting.作 _表语表语定语定语宾语补足语宾语补足语 合作探究合作探究2 2形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。容词。1.1.形容词短语在句中
6、作形容词用，可以形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词修饰名词或代词，作，作 _，还可用作，还可用作 _ _ 或者或者 _ _ 等。等。2.2.形容词短语由形容词短语由“(副词副词)形容词形容词 (介词短语介词短语)”组成。组成。表语表语宾语补足语宾语补足语 定语定语二、形容词短语二、形容词短语(AdjP)Conclusion 2指出指出下列句子中画线下列句子中画线部分所作的成分部分所作的成分。1.This is a subject worthy of careful study.作 _2.Our English teacher is very nice and patient.作 _
7、3.I found it very hard to get along with foreigners.作_定语定语表语表语宾语补足语宾语补足语 二、形容词短语二、形容词短语(AdjP)巩固内化巩固内化2 2三、副词短语三、副词短语(AdvP)指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。1.He ran very quickly yesterday.修饰 _ 作 _2.I am much too pleased to see you.修饰 _ 作 _3.She plays well enough as a beginner.修
8、饰 _ 作 _4.He worked much more carefully on the new design.修饰 _ 作 _动词动词状语状语形容词形容词 状语状语动词动词状语状语副词副词状语状语合作探究合作探究3 3副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。1.副词短语在句中作副词用，可以副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词修饰动词、形容词或副词，作作 _ 等。等。2.副词短语由副词短语由“(副词副词)副词副词”组成。组成。状语状语三、副词短语三、副词短语(AdvP)Conclusio
9、n 3【提醒提醒】副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。补全句子补全句子。1.His wife often _.他的妻子经常警告他开车不要太快。他的妻子经常警告他开车不要太快。2.Dont worry.My mother will _.不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。3.I _,but I havent had time to play since the new year.我乒乓球打得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间打了。我乒乓球打得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间打了。war
10、ns him not to drive too fast look after your baby carefully enough play ping-pong quite well三、副词短语三、副词短语(AdvP)巩固内化巩固内化3 3 在英语中动词短语按其在句子中的功能可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词短语。谓语动词是由时态、人称和数来决定动词形式,是表示动作或状态的,它又可分为:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词四种。四、动词短语四、动词短语(verb phrases)非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。四、动词短语四、动词短语(verb phrases)put back
11、 放回去 call back 回电话 break down 出故障 turn down 调小 come up 上升 1、动词副词 blow up 爆炸 show off 炫耀 give off 散发break out突然发生 run out 用完动词短语的构成动词短语的构成 bring about引起 contribute to 导致 fall into 陷入 seek for寻找 burst into 闯入 2、动词介词 look into 调查 see to 处理；负责 devote to 贡献给 deal with 处理 believe in 信任 add up to 总计 keep a
12、way from远离 look down on 轻视 keep up with 赶上 make up for 弥补 3、动词副词介词 get on with 相处get across to使明白get out of 逃避,避免 put up with 忍受 catch up with 赶上 catch sight of 看见,瞥见 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意 make sense of 理解 take notice of 注意到 take care of 照看4、动词名词介词 take part in 参加 take advantage of 利用 t
13、ake pride in 为感到自豪 make room for 为腾出空间Chapter 1 of sharing-Observe and DiscoverWhat can make the description more detailed and specific?a a devastating devastating earthquakeearthquake;the the deadly deadly earthquake;earthquake;collapsed buildings;collapsed buildings;rescue workers and rescue worke
14、rs and medical teams;medical teams;every possible lifeevery possible life claimed more than claimed more than 15,000 lives;15,000 lives;inflict tremendous inflict tremendous damage;damage;shook Turkey;shook Turkey;left some people left some people displaced;displaced;seek shelter;seek shelter;give u
15、p halfwaygive up halfwayit is not clear;it is not clear;be trappedbe trapped under the under the rubble;rubble;extremely extremely urgent;urgent;under the rubble;under the rubble;at at dawn;dawn;in makeshift camps in makeshift camps and temporary and temporary shelters;shelters;with thousands of wit
16、h thousands of collapsed buildingscollapsed buildings(限定词限定词)(数词、形容数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述词、形容词短语、描述性名词性名词)名词名词 (介介词短语词短语)动词动词(介词介词)名词名词/(/(副词副词)(介词介词)；动词名词介词；动词名词介词；动词介词名词；动词介词名词；(副词副词)形容词形容词 (介词短语介词短语)(副词副词)副词副词 介词介词+名词名词Noun phraseNoun phrase(NP)(NP)Verb phraseVerb phrase(VP)(VP)Adjective phraseAdjective
17、 phrase(AdjP)(AdjP)AdverbialAdverbialphrasephrase(AdvP)(AdvP)Prepositional phrasePrepositional phrase(PreP)(PreP)名词短语名词短语动词短语动词短语形容词短语形容词短语副词短语副词短语介词短语介词短语 Five types of phrases PhrasesFunctionsFunctionsFormationsFormationsSample phrasesSample phrasesNP（限定词）+（形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词）+名词+（介词短语）myfavouriteswe
18、ets;Themixture;thetesttube;Tombesfather;thehotstones;acan;MymusclesVP动词+副词 动词+介词动词+副词+介词 动词+名词+介词动词+名词havebeendying;getmail;wasbubblingout;ledus;placedthehotstones;wereaching;draggedourselvesAdv.P（副词）+副词almosteverywhere;upsidedownAdj.P（副词）+形容词+（介词短语）itsalwaysnicePrep.P 介词+宾语(名词、宾格代词、动词的-ing形式)tohish
19、ouse;withkaukau(sweetpotato);onthegrill;overthefire;towardshomesubject;object;predicativepredicateadverbialpredicative;attributive;adverbialadverbial;attributive;predicativeChapter 2 of Sharing-Chapter 2 of Sharing-Discover and SummarizeDiscover and SummarizeIdentifythephrasesandanalyzetheirfunction
20、sExample：Mysecondaryschoolisabushschool.subject主语predicate 谓语object宾语predicative表语attribute定语adverbial状语appositive同位语NP(subject)NP(predicative)Chapter 2 of Sharing-Chapter 2 of Sharing-IdentifyIdentify and and A AnalysenalyseIdentify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions.M
21、ark noun phrases as NP,verb phrases VP,adverbial phrases Advp,adjective phrases AdjP,and prepositional phrases PrepP.1.Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets,and its always nice to get mail!2.The mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!3.Tombes father,Mukap,a man wi
22、th a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead,led us to his house.4.He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato),ripe corn,and greens.5.Later,I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.6.My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselv
23、es down the mountain towards home.EXAMPLEMy secondary school is a bush school.NP(subject)NP(predicative)1.Ive been dying to have some of my favourite sweets,and its always nice to get mail!2.The mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!3.Tombes father,Mukap,a man with a strong j
24、aw and a wrinkled forehead,led us to his house.VP(predicate)NP(object)AdjP(predicative)VP(real subject)NP(subject)VP(predicate)NP(object)AdvP(adverbial)NP(subject)NP(appositive)PrepP(attributive)VP(predicate)PrepP(adverbial)4.He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet pota
25、to),ripe corn,and greens.5.Later,I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.6.My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.NP(object)PrepP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)NP(object)AdvP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)NP(
26、subject)VP(predicate)NP(subject)VP(predicate)AdvP(adverbial)PrepP(adverbial)1.Ivebeendyingtohavesomeofmyfavouritesweets,anditsalwaysnicetogetmail!2.Themixturewasbubblingoutthetesttubespillingalmosteverywhere!Activity 1Identify the phrases and analyze their functionsVP(predicate),NP(object),AdjP(pred
27、icative),VP(realsubject)NP(subject),VP(predicate),NP(object),AdvP(adverbial)3.Tombesfather,Mukap,amanwithastrongjawandawrinkledforehead,ledustohishouse.4.Hethenplacedthehotstonesinanemptyoildrumwithkaukau(sweetpotato),ripecorn,andgreens.Identify the Phrases and Analyse Their FunctionsVP(predicate),P
28、repP(adverbial),PrepP(adverbial)NP(subject),NP(appositive),PrepP(attributive),VP(predicate),PrepP(adverbial)5.Later,Inoticedacanstandingupsidedownonthegrilloverthefire.6.Mymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswedraggedourselvesdownthemountaintowardshome.Identify the Phrases and Analyse Their Function
29、sNP(object),AdvP(adverbial),PrepP(adverbial),PrepP(adverbial)NP(subject),VP(predicate),NP(subject),VP(predicate),PrepP(adverbial),PrepP(adverbial)Practice and applyChina has offered _ to many countries in its Belt and Road Initiative.In the Congo,many _ have been transformed into _ since then.Trains
30、 run _ Europe from China,and to China from Europe,bringing new jobs and opportunities to both ends.Chinese healthcare workers have also been sent to provide aid to places _.Despite all the difficulties involved in this project,these efforts have been greeted with _ support from the locals.II.Complet
31、e the passage with the phrases below in their proper forms.beautiful modern road a chorus of dusty track straight towards a large amount of investment with dangerous diseasea large amount of investmentdusty tracksbeautiful modern roads with dangerous diseasesa chorus of straight towards III.Imagine
32、you are an editor of a volunteer website.Add phrases to the following advertisement to make it more exciting.Practice and applyIn order to ease suffering in Guinea,volunteers are needed to providehealthcare information.As a volunteer,you will be responsible for organising lectures,preparing posters,
33、and visiting schools and families.There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettablefrom a lack of doctors and good healthcare advicewith a heart to help othersto people in rural villagesthroughout the southern part of the nationmemories.The programme will last for one year or
34、 more,depending on your performance.You need to be over 18 and able to communicate in English.You dont need to have overseas experience,but you should be friendly and outgoing.Practice and applyfor the rest of your lifewell both in spoken and written English(or in French)with a wonderful smilePracti
35、ce and applyPossible Version:In order to ease suffering in Guinea from a lack of doctors and good healthcare advice,volunteers with a heart to help others are needed to provide healthcare information to people in rural villages.As a volunteer,you will be responsible for organising lectures,preparing
36、 posters,and visiting schools and families throughout the southern part of the nation.There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories for the rest of your life.The programme will last for one year or more,depending on your performance.You need to be over 18 and abl
37、e to communicate well both in spoken and written English(or in French).You dont need to have overseas experience,but you should be friendly and outgoing with a wonderful smile.1a large amount of investment 2the Belt and Road Initiative3bring opportunities to both ends 4ease suffering 5There is no doubt that.6overseas experience7speak to sb一大笔投资一大笔投资一带一路倡议一带一路倡议给双方带来机遇给双方带来机遇减轻痛苦减轻痛苦毫无疑问的是毫无疑问的是与某人交谈与某人交谈/谈话谈话海外经验海外经验Language points:Important phrases(P41)
