1、Unit 6Period 1 Starting out&Understanding ideas课 堂 学 习Look at the pictures and answer the questions.1 What do you know about these places?2 What do these places have in common?1Starting out Huanglong,China:Located in the north of Sichuan,Huanglong is a historic and scenic area widely known for its c
2、olourful pools,hot springs,valleys,waterfalls,snow-capped peaks and diverse forest.The area also has a population of endangered animals,including the giant panda and the Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey.Iguaz Falls,Argentina and Brazil:The Iguaz Falls stretch in width for 2.7 kilometres(or 1.7 miles
3、).Their height varies between 60 metres(200 feet)and 82 metres(or 269 feet).They feature over 275 individual falls that thunder into the Iguaz River.Special walkways have been built around the Iguaz Falls to allow visitors to get close up to this wonder of their natural beauty and power.Mount Kilima
4、njaro,Tanzania:Located in north-east Tanzania,Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa and the worlds tallest free standing mountain,about 5,895m above sea level.The mountain is encircled by mountain forest.Mount Kilimanjaro consists of three principal volcanoes:Kibo(centre),Mawensi(east)
5、,and Shira(west).Shira and Mawensi are extinct volcanoes.However,Kibo is a dormant volcano;it can erupt again.The mountain has been the subject of many scientific studies because of its shrinking glaciers and disappearing ice fields.Uluru,Australia:Uluru,also known as Ayers Rock and officially gazed
6、 as Uluru/Ayers Rock,is a large sandstone rock formation in southwestern Northern Territory,central Australia.Uluru is sacred to the Aboriginal people of the area.Uluru/Ayers Rock rises 348 metres above the surrounding desert plain and reaches a height 863 metres above sea level.The area around the
7、formation is home to an abundance of springs,waterholes,rock caves and ancient paintings.2.They are all included on the World Heritage List.Watch the video and answer the questions.21 What are the three types of World Heritage Sites?2 What other natural heritage sites in China do you know of?1 What
8、are the three types of World Heritage Sites?2 What other natural heritage sites in China do you know of?Cultural World Heritage sites,Natural World Heritage sites and Mixed World Heritage sites.1 Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area2 Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area3 Wuling
9、yuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area4 Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas5 Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries-Wolong,Mt Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains6 South China Karst 7 Mount Sanqingshan National Park8 China Danxia 9 Chengjiang Fossil Site10 Xinjiang Tianshan 11 Hubei Shennongjia12 Qin
10、ghai Hoh Xil 13 Fanjingshan14 Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China(Phase I)1 Which is the highest railway in the world?a The Trans-Siberian Railway.b The Qinghai-Tibet Railway.c The Chengdu-Kunming Railway.2 In which year was the completed Qinghai-Tibet Railwa
11、y put into operation?a 1984.b 2001.c 2006.3 Which of these stations is not on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway?a Lhasa.b Golmud.c Lanzhou.4 Which of these natural World Heritage Sites does the Qinghai-Tibet Railway pass by?a Xinjiang Tianshan.b Qinghai Hoh Xil.c South China Karst.1Work in pairs and complet
12、e the quiz.Try to guess if you are not sure of the answers.Understanding ideas 2Read the passage and find out why the railway is particularly special to the author.The Sky RailwaySitting back in my seat,I cant quite believe that Im about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed
13、was“impossible”.The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining.All this time,the song“Sky Railway”has been playing inside my head.The words“railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains”seem particularly vivid as I travel across the“roof of the world”.I was one of the
14、people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway.Taking years to complete,the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.The first landmark to catch my e
15、ye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge,the worlds longest bridge built over permafrost.Look!A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge,with some stopping to eat grass at their leisure.Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in
16、 their natural habitat.Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands,675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres wer
17、e built between Golmud and Lhasa.We even moved 140,000 square metres of wetland to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem.The journey has been flying by,and before I know it,we have reached Tanggula Station.Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level,this is the highest railway stati
18、on in the world.In locations such as this,the thin air,changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers.To make sure we stayed healthy,several oxygen-making stations were constructed.We were also able to enjoy regular breaks in lower are
19、as.As we pass Cuona Lake,I feel a sense of pride and achievement.Using thousands and thousands of sandbags,we built a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it from construction waste.Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface.
20、Water birds playing in the lake,and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life.The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting peoples admiration for centuries.Now,thanks to our efforts,passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes.I am proud
21、 that we built our“impossible”railway,and did so with the care that the environment deserves.It truly is an extraordinary“Sky Railway”.Read the passage and find out why the railway is particularly special to the author.The author has worked on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.Once believed“impossible”,the
22、highest railway in the world is a record of the efforts of the workers to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.These efforts and their end results mean that the railway is special to the author.SkimmingChoose the authors purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.1.To prove t
23、hat humans can conquer nature.2.To highlight the amount of work required to build the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.3.To praise the workers efforts in building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.ScanningMatch each paragraph with its main idea and divide them into parts.Para.1 A.How to prevent damage to wetlands and
24、grasslands.Para.2 B.How to protect Cuona Lake.Para.3 C.The train leaves Xining.Para.4 D.How to protect wild animals.Para.5 E.We consider protecting the delicate eco-system first.Para.6 F.How to make sure the workers stayed healthy.Para.7 G.Im proud we built our Sky Railway.Part 1 Para.1-Para.2 Part
25、2 Para.3-Para.6 Part 3 Para.7Careful readingOrganise information from the passage and complete the table.Answers:1 Thirty-three passages2 move safely and freely in their natural habitat3 prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands4 a total length of about 160 kilometres 5 moved to a new area 6 Several
26、 oxygen-making stations 7 regular breaks 8 protect Cuona Lake9 build a twenty-kilometre wall10 protect it from construction wasteThe above table explains how the“impossible”railway was built.Now do some online research to find out what other challenges were met and overcome by the railway workers.1.
27、They have to apply state-of-the-art techniques to protecting the permafrost in the subgrade of the railway embankment;2.They need to make regulations to ensure the environmental disposal of the construction waste;3.They must overcome problems brought about by complex topography.1 Which of the soluti
28、ons are you most impressed by?Why?2 Which words in the passage are used to describe the Qinghai-Tibet Railway?What other words could you think of to describe it?3 What changes do you think the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has brought to the people living along the railway?4 What method did you use to colle
29、ct information?How did the information help you to better understand the passage?Think&Share1 Which of the solutions are you most impressed by?Why?2 Which words in the passage are used to describe the Qinghai-Tibet Railway?What other words could you think of to describe it?3 What changes do you thin
30、k the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has brought to the people living along the railway?4 What method did you use to collect information?How did the information help you to better understand the passage?Sky Railway,impossible,highest,extraordinary.We can also say it is a miracle,great achievement,etc.The rai
31、lway has made it convenient for people to travel around;it has promoted the local economy;it has improved peoples living standard,etc.1.In which year was the completed Qinghai-Tibet Railway put into operation?建成的青藏铁路是在哪一年投入运营的？put into operation 投入运行；(使)施行；(使)实行；(使)生效 e.g.The law will be put into op
32、eration next month.这个法律下月开始生效。拓展：put into practice 实施；实行；实践 put into effect 实施(计划)；实现(想法)put into prison 关进监狱；监禁；投入监狱 put into use 投入使用；使用，利用Language points 2.Sitting back in my seat,I cant quite believe that Im about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was“impossible”.回到座位
33、上，我简直不敢相信，我将沿着许多外国专家称之为“不可 能”的铁路旅行。(1)本句是主从复合句。前面的“Sitting back in my seat”为伴随状语。主句的主干是“I cant quite believe”。第一个that引导的从句作believe 的宾语从句，第二个that引导定语从句，修饰前面的先行词railway。(2)be about to 即将，刚要，正打算 e.g.The match is about to start.比赛即将开始。(3)claim v.要求(应得权利)；声称，主张 n.要求，主张；断言 claim for sth.要求，索取；宣称 claim to
34、do sth.声称/声明做某事 claim that.声称/声明做某事 put in a claim 申请；提出要求 lay claim to 对提出所有权/拥有权3.The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining.火车自从离开西宁以来一直在平稳地行驶。(1)has been racing现在完成进行时 (2)since引导时间状语从句。4.The words“railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains”seem particularly
35、vivid as I travel across the“roof of the world”.当我穿越“世界屋脊”时，“铁路如巨龙蜿蜒于群山 之中”这句话显得格外生动。(1)“railways like.”同位语从句，as引导时间状语从句。(2)wind在此处作动词，意为“(道路、河流等)蜿蜒，曲折前进”wind作动词时还有“缠绕，卷绕”的意思，常见的搭配是 wind sth.around/round sth.意为“把某物缠绕在上”。(3)“roof of the world”意思是“世界屋脊”，用来指代the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（青藏高原）5.I was one o
36、f the people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway.我是来自中国各地在这条铁路上工作的人之一。who引导定语从句，修饰the people。6.Taking years to complete,the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.青藏铁路历时数年建成，记录了我们为克服最困难的工程挑战做 的所有努力。本句为简单句。前面为
37、现在分词短语作状语，taking与句子的主语 the Qinghai-Tibet Railway是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。7.How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.如何保护脆弱的生态系统是需要我们高度重视的问题之一。concern此处为名词，意为“忧虑，担心”。还可以作动词，意为 “使担心，使忧虑”。e.g.There is growing concern about violence on TV.人们对电视上充斥暴力内容的忧虑日益加重。Issues like food addictives do
38、 concern me.食品添加剂这类事情确实使我很担心。拓展：concern oneself about/for.担心 be concerned about/for 担心/挂念 be concerned with.和有关，涉及 As far as.be concerned 就而言；关于 concerning prep.涉及，关于8.The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge,the worlds longest bridge built over permafrost.吸引我注意的第一个地标是壮观的
39、清水河大桥，它是世界上建造在 永久冻土层上最长的桥。catch sbs eye 引起某人的注意，吸引某人视线，引人注目 拓展：cant take your eyes off sb./sth.无法将目光从某人/某物上移开 look sb in the eye 正视某人 keep an eye on sb./sth.照看某人/某物 have an eye/a good eye for sth.对某事物有鉴赏力9.A group of Tibetan antelopes is moving under the bridge,with some stopping to eat grass at the
40、ir leisure.一群藏羚羊在桥下走动，有的停下来悠闲地吃草。at ones leisure 空闲时 leisure time 业余时间 at leisure 从容地；不慌不忙；悠闲 leisure for 有空做某事10.They seem totally unaware that we are speeding past at over 100 kilometres an hour.它们似乎完全没有意识到，我们正以每小时100多千米的速度 飞驰而过。that引导宾语从句。11.Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level,this is th
41、e highest railway station in the world.这座火车站位于海拔5000米以上，是世界上最高的火车站。locate vt.使位于，使坐落于 be located in/on/at.坐落于 location n.地点，位置12.In locations such as this,the thin air,changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers.在这样的地方，稀薄的空气、多变的天气和高
42、水平的紫外线辐射可能是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。present在这里作动词用，意为“引起，造成”。present作动词时还有 “颁发，授予”的意思。e.g.She was presented with an award.她被授予一个奖项。present sb.with sth./present sth.使发生;使经历 present sb.with sth./present sth.(to sb.)把交给;颁发;授予 present sth.(for sth.)/present sth.(to sb.)提出;提交 present adj.现在的;出席的 present at 出席;在场 pres
43、ent n.礼物;现在,目前 at present 目前,现在 for the present 暂时,目前 past and present 过去和现在13.As we pass Cuona Lake,I feel a sense of pride and achievement.当我们经过措那湖时，我有一种自豪感和成就感。As引导时间状语从句。14.Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface.措那湖离铁路如此近,我都想伸手去
44、触摸它那像镜子一样的淡蓝色湖面。(1)so.that”意为“如此以至于”，that引导结果状语从句。(2)reach out 伸出(手)reach out to 把手伸向;接触;帮助 reach out for 伸手去拿;急切寻求 within reach/within the reach of 能力所及;伸手可及;够得着 out of/beyond ones reach 够不着;力所不能及 reach an agreement 达成协议 reach back 回忆，回顾 reach after 努力谋求;竭力达到;伸手想抓15.Water birds playing in the lake,
45、and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life.水鸟在湖中嬉戏，牛羊在草原上漫步，给这里的景色增添了生机。(1)动词-ing形式的使用可以为读者带来生动的画面感。本句中 Water birds playing in the lake和cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands两个动名词短语充当主语。(2)wander v漫游；游荡；闲逛；徘徊；走神 wander off 漫步；漫游；离群走散 wander about/around 徘徊；流浪；漫步 wande
46、r from 离题 (3)bring.to life 使生动有趣 bring.back to life 使复生；使复活 come back to life 恢复健康；复活；苏醒过来16.I am proud that we built our“impossible”railway,and did so with the care that the environment deserves.我感到自豪的是，我们建造了我们不可能建成的铁路，并以环境 所应得到的关注来建设这条铁路。第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导定语从句。课堂总结课堂总结Retelling The Sky Railwa
47、yPara.1 The train leaves Xining.Para.2 We consider protecting the delicate eco-system first.Para.3 How to protect wild animals.Para.4 How to prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands.Para.5 How to make sure the workers stayed healthy.Para.6 How to protect Cuona Lake.Para.7 Im proud we built our Sky Railway.
