1、Unit 3Period 4 Reading新 课 导 入视频:Introduction to Benjamin Franklin 课 堂 学 习Pre-reading1Read the short introduction to Benjamin Franklin and share any other information you know about him.Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration o
2、f Independence.Apart from being a successful statesman,he was also well known as a leading American author,printer and publisher,successful diplomat,creative scientist and inventor.FRANKLINS EXPERIMENT:How Much Is True?1 Benjamin Franklins famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations
3、of children to science.However,new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.2 The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752.At that time,there was much interest in electricity.People wanted to know if lightning was r
4、eally produced by electricity or something else.Franklin was one of them.He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it.A metal key was attached to the string.A flash of lightning hit the kite,and electricity was conducted through the stringto the key.Franklin then touched the key with his fin
5、ger and got an electric shock.This,he said,proved that lightning was a form of electricity.3 For many years,schools have taught the story of Franklins lightning experiment.More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.F
6、ranklin,along with many other scientists,has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.4 However,neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.Altho
7、ugh it has been proved that Franklins experiment took place,more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.The detail about the string and the key is true.But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key,he would certainly have died from the electric shock.5 Scient
8、ists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newtons head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.In fact,more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling app
9、le,there is no proof that it hit him on the head.6 Admittedly,fiction is often more interesting than the truth.People have been more inspired by Franklins spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves.But in science,facts should be proved by experiments and research,and we should not
10、 always believe everything we read or hear-even if it is a great story.While-readingMatch the main ideas with the paragraphs.2Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Para.6A.Facts should be proved by experiments and research.B.The reason why scientists often question accepted ideas.C.The detailed procedure of
11、 Franklins experiment with lightning.D.The great effect of Franklins experiment on science and inventions.E.Neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.F.Benjamin Franklins famous experiment with lightning may be fiction.Learning to learnAn essay title often contains an exp
12、licit or implicit question which your essay should focus on answering.For example,the title“Franklins Experiment:How Much Is True?”makes it clear what question is being answered within the essay.Read the paras 1-2 and find out what Franklins experiment aimed to prove.Franklins experiment aimed to pr
13、ove that lightning was a form of electricity.34Read the para.2 and fill in the experiment report.ExperimentAimMaterialProcedureConclusionLightning was a form of electricity.The kite lightning experimentTo test if lightning was really produced by electricity.A kite with a string and a metal keyFirst,
14、Franklin flew a kite with a string and a metal key.Then,when a flash of lightning hit the kite,electricity was conducted through the string to the key.Finally,touching the key,Franklin got an electric shock.5 Franklins spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration.People are am
15、azed at and inspired by Franklins experiment.Scientists question what really happened in Franklins experiment.312Read the paras 3-6 and number the statements to show how peoples attitudes towards Franklins experiment have changed.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.61.Franklin did
16、the experiment with lighting in order to _.A.have funB.prove that lighting is a form of electricityC.fly a kiteD.to prove that he was brave2 Whats peoples attitude towards Franklins experiment?A.Doubtful.B.Believable.C.Indifferent.D.Negative.3.Why do scientists often question accepted ideas?A.Becaus
17、e they think they are cleverer than others.B.Because accepted ideas are often wrong.C.Because they only believe in themselves.D.Because they want to establish the facts.4.According to the text,which statement is true?A.Actually Franklin didnt touch the key at all.B.Franklin died from the experiment.
18、C.All the scientists believed the story of the experiment.D.Only one scientist had some doubt about the story.5.Whats the purpose of the passage?A.Tell us a funny story.B.Tell us a story of a great scientist.C.Tell us that we shouldnt always believe everything we read or hear.D.Tell us lighting is r
19、eally produced by electricity.6 Whats the authors attitude towards the story of Franklins experiment?A.Doubtful.B.Curious.C.Objective.D.Not mentioned.Post-readingThink Share:1.Do you think it matters that Franklins experiment might not be true?Why?2.What is your opinion about the statement“.we shoul
20、d not always believe everything we read or hear even if it is a great story”?3.What qualities do you think a great scientist should have?4.In what ways do scientists contribute to society?1.No.Because what really matters lies in his bravery to do the experiment.2.I think the statement is right.From
21、a scientific standpoint,people should stick to the facts and the facts should be proved by experiments and research.A good story is fiction which is often more interesting than the truth.3.As a great scientist,he or she should have more than one good quality,such as being smart,honest,objective,pers
22、istent,curious,imaginative,devoted and so on.4.First,scientific discoveries promote the development of our society.Secondly,the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our life span.Thirdly,scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.7Wor
23、k in groups.Explain your understanding of the saying“Seeing is believing”,and then give a talk about it.You may use information in the passage as examples.1 Make notes about your understanding of the saying and list supporting details 2 Organise your talk following the steps below.Start your talk by
24、 explaining how you understand this saying.Explain why you think this way.Use the notes you have made to support your ideas.End your talk by summarising your points.3 Give your talk to the class.a)My understanding:As the old Chinese saying goes,“What you hear may be false,but what you see is true.”W
25、e often easily believe in what we see or hear without doubt,but as a matter of fact,it is not always so convincing.b)Supporting details1.New research suggests that the story of Franklins experiment may be fiction instead of fact.2.Some scientists questions the story about an apple that fell on Newto
26、ns head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.In fact,there is no proof that the apple hit him on the head.c)ConclusionSome parts of the stories are true,and some are not,because they dont follow the common sense.However,the scientists spirit of scientific exploration is what mostly matt
27、ers.Personally,we can not be content with what we see or hear.As the old saying goes,“Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.”What we see or hear is true or false remains to be seen in the future.Please dont hesitate to test what you see or hear.Language points1.Benjamin Franklins famous e
28、xperiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science.本杰明富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。experiment n.实验；试验 v.做试验；进行实验【词汇拓展】【词汇拓展】do/carry out an experiment 做实验 laboratory experiments 实验室实验 the experiment in sth 在某方面的尝试 experiment on sth 在某物上做实验 experiment with sth 用某物做实验误区警示 mak
29、e an experiment 做实验（）2.A metal key was attached to the string.细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。attach v.系；绑；贴；固定；连接；附上【词汇拓展】【词汇拓展】attach(great/little)importance/significance/value to 认为（很有/几乎没有）重要性/意义/价值 attach.to.把 固定在/附在上 attached adj.附属的，依恋的，爱慕的be attached to 喜欢；附属于 attachment n.附属物，附件以上 attach 短语中的 to 均为介词，后接名词、代词或动
30、名词作宾语即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空1.My parents always _ _ _ _(非常重视)my getting a good education.2.The school _ _ _(附属于)Beijing Normal University.3.在申请表上附一张近照。_ a recent photo _ the application form.4.More and more people are beginning to attach importance _（live）a low-carbon life.5.With a label _(attach)to each p
31、iece of luggage,it is easy for passengers to recognise their own luggage.6.To be honest,both my parents attach great importance _ education.attach great importance tois attached to Attachto to living attached to3.More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scien
32、tific approach to looking for the truth.【句子分析】【句子分析】本句话为“more than one+单数名词”作主语的句子。虽然more than one意为“不止一个”，但它的谓语动词单复数却要从形式一致角度考虑。通常用单数。文中另两处以“more than one+单数名词”作主语的句子分别为：.more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.(Para.4);In fact,more than one account suggests that while Newton wa
33、s certainly inspired by a falling apple,.(Para.5)approach n.接近，靠近；方法，方式；通路，路径 v.接近，靠近；对付，处理【词汇拓展】【词汇拓展】the approach of.的来临/临近an approach to(doing)sth（做）某事的方法/方式（to是介词）adopt/take an approach 采用一种方法 the approaches to the airport 通往机场的道路 approach the house 走近房子 see /hear sb/sth approaching 看到/听到某人/某物接近
34、 approach the problem/matter 处理问题 即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空1.The detective heard footsteps _(approach).2.The best approach to _(build)up your body is to do exercise every day.3._(随着秋天的临近),it gets cooler and cooler.4.The school has decided to _ _ _ _(采用一种不同的方法)to discipline.approaching building With the appro
35、ach of autumn/With autumn approaching adopt a different approach4.Franklin,along with many other scientists,has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道，激励并
36、教导我们科学实验对于推动真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。【句子分析】【句子分析】本句是主从复合句，其中that引导宾语从句。has inspired和taught是主句的并列谓语。动词不定式作目的状语“along with/as well as+名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般与其前面的主语在数上保持一致，即单数主语需用单数谓语，复数主语需用谓语复数。eg:Tom,as well as his parents,goes to the park every Sunday.即学即练 单句语法填空1.Professor Smith,along with his assistants,_(wor
37、k)on the project day and night to meet the deadline.2.My father along with his workmates _(have)already gone to Beijing.3.The teacher as well as some teenagers _(visit)the factory now.is working hasis visiting 5.In fact,more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a fal
38、ling apple,there is no proof that it hit him on the head.事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。account n.描述，叙述，说明；账户；账目 v.解释，说明；（在数量、比例方面）占【词汇拓展】【词汇拓展】give sb a(n)(full)account of 向某人（详细）描述 account for 是的原因，解释；（在数量和比例上）占 open/close an account 开立/结清账户 on all accounts 无论如何 on account of
39、 因为，由于 take.into account(take account of)考虑到，顾及 on no account 决不（在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序）即学即练 完成句子1.The poor weather may have _ _(是的原因)the increase in the number of people who cough day and night.2.I _ _ _ _(开立银行账户)after I made$1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.3.These products _ _(占)
40、about 80%of all our sales.4.He was too shocked to _ _ _ _(描述)what had happened.accounted for opened a bank account account for give an account of6.there is no proof that it hit him on the head.但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。及物动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位touch/pat/tap/hit/beat/strike/slap/shoot sb+in the+face/stomach/ey
41、e/leg（较软或下凹的部位）touch/pat/tap/hit/beat/strike/slap/shoot sb+on the+back/head/nose/shoulder（较硬或上凸的部位）pull/take/catch/grasp/seize/lead sb+by the+hand/beard/arm（可拉出的部位）“及物动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位”结构中的定冠词 the 不能用其他限定词代替。即学即练 单句语法填空1.To his surprise,she hit him _ the head with her umbrella.2.A brick fell off the building,striking him on _ head.3.The old man was so angry that he slapped the bad man _ the face.4.The little pupil took his grandma _ the arm and walked her across the street.on thein by 课堂总结课堂总结Retell the procedure of Franklins lightning experiment.
