1、 牛津译林版七年级下册英语Unit 5 教学案7B Unit5 Amazing things (Teacher)第一部分 知识点梳理词语辨析一读通1. amazing mez adj.令人惊异的，惊人的There are many amazing things in the science museum.在自然博物馆里有许多令人惊奇的东西。【解析】amazing / amazed amazing 作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的，惊人的”，在句中可作表语或定语。作表语时，主语习惯上是物（事）。如：Your success is amazing. 你的成功令人吃惊。 amazed 也作形容词，意为“感
2、到惊奇（愕）”，主语习惯上是人，且只作表语。其后多接介词at 或不定式。如：I was amazed at his answer. 我对他的回答感到十分震惊。We were amazed to find her in the net bar. 我发现她在网吧，吃了一惊。注意：以ing及ed结尾的相同用法的形容词还有surprising interesting excitingfrighteningsurprised interestedexcitedfrightened 2. same seim adj.同一的；相同的，同样的 pron.同一事物；同样的人the same as 同一样 all
3、 the same 完全一样 about the same 大同小异We share the same social background. 我们有相同的社会背景。They study in a same school.他们在同一所学校上学Her pencil is the same colour as mine. 他铅笔的颜色和我的一样。3. birth b: n.出生；分娩；起源；出身at birth 出生时 by birth 生来，天生She gave a birth to a girl. 她生了个女孩。She weighed 5 pounds at birth. 她出生时体重是5磅。4
4、. earth : n.地球；地表，陆地 on the earth在地球上，on earth究竟，一点也。如：The earth goes round the sun. 地球绕着太阳运转。We live on the earth. 我们生活在地球上。We filled the hole with earth. 我们用泥土填坑。What on earth do you want? 你究竟想要什么？Suddenly the old man fell to the earth. 老人突然倒在地上了。5. back bk n.背，背部；背面，反面；后面，后部adj.背部的；后面的at the back
5、 of 在后面 back to back 背靠背 go back to your seat 回到座位上去Next the doctor examined his back. 接着医生检查了他的背。She is back from school. 她从学校回来了。She was badly hurt in the back.她背部受伤严重。6. fact fkt n.事实，实情；实际；真相in fact 事实上 for a fact 肯定地 The fact is that 事实上是The fact is that we dont have enough money to travel. 事实是
6、我们没有足够的钱去旅行。In fact, the girl in red won the match. 事实上，是穿红衣服的女孩赢了比赛。7.reply riplai vi. 答复，回答vt. 对做出回答 n.回答，答复；反应reply to sb. 回答某人 reply to a question 回答问题 make no reply 不作答复“No,”he replied, “I only came last month.” “不，” 他回答道，“我是上月才来的。”【解析】reply/answer 两个词都有“回答”之意，都可用作名词和动词，可互换使用。区别是: answer 是非正式用语
7、，用法比reply更广泛，回答问题、写回信、接电话、听见门铃去开门都可用answer。reply为正式用语，多指经过考虑，有针对性的，详细的回答，作不及物动词时，常和介词to连用；作及物动词时，后面接从句或直接引语。如： I called him. But no one answered it. 我给他打了电话，但没有人接。 I sent in my application, and the university replied to me at once. 我把申请书寄去，那所大学立即给我答复了。She replied that she disagreed. 她回答说她不同意。8. leav
8、e li:v v. 离开；遗弃；忘了带, 剩，让处于某种状态leave a place 离开某地 leave sth. at home 把东西忘家里 leavefor 离开前往 leave the door open 让门开着He will leave shanghai tonight.今晚他将离开上海。Please leave your message here.请留下你的足迹。Will you leave me alone! 你能不能别碰我！Hell never leave you. You need have no worry.他不会离开你的，你不用担心。9. happen hpn vi
9、.发生；碰巧；出现；偶然遇到How did the accident happen? 事故是怎样发生的？Funny thing happened in the subway yesterday. 昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。【解析】happen/take place happen作“发生”讲，为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。主要指偶然发生，而且多指整个情况。表示“某人发生某事”时，须以介词to引导某人；作“碰巧”解时，其后可接不定式。如：What happened to her last night? 昨晚她发生什么事了？I happen to see my uncle in the str
10、eet. 我碰巧在街上见到了我的叔叔。take place 作“发生”解时较为正式，不带有偶然之意，并经常用来指经事先安排的事情。如：The May Fourth Movement took place in 1919. “五四运动”发生于1919年。The meeting took place in the Great Hall of the People.会议是在人民大会堂举行的。10. wonder wnd vt.感到诧异；想弄明白 vi. 想知道；惊讶 n. 奇观；奇迹no wonder 难怪，不足为奇 do wonders 创造奇迹 wonder about (at) 对感到诧异I
11、wonder who did it 我想知道谁做的。This is the eighth wonder of the world! 这是世界第八大奇迹11. search s:t v. 搜寻，搜索；调查；搜查；探求search指“搜查某地或搜身”，其宾语可以是房屋、人身、衣袋等名词。search for指“搜寻、搜索某人或某物”=look for。search后还可接要搜查的地方，即searchfor sth. / sb. 意为“在处搜寻某物/人”。如：The police searched his clothes but found nothing. 警察搜查了他的衣服但什么都没发现。All
12、 night they searched for the lost necklace. 整个晚上他们都在查找丢失的项链。We are searching the woods for the lost child. 我们正在树林子里寻找那位丢失的孩子。She searched her desk for the necessary information.她在她的书桌上搜寻必要的信息。12. weak wi:k adj.柔弱的，虚弱的；无力的，软弱的 the weak 弱者(复数) be weak in 在方面比较差 She was weak after her illness. 她病后很虚弱。H
13、e is weak in English reading. 他在英语阅读方面比较弱。13. surprised sprazd adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的be surprised at sth./sb.对某事/某人感到惊讶；be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到吃惊；be surprised that 从句。in surprise 惊奇地；to ones surprise 使某人惊奇的是。I am surprised at seeing / to see her there. 我真想不到会在那里见到她。I am surprised that he failed in the e
14、xam again. 我对他又一次考试不及格感到惊讶。What a surprise!真是意想不到的事！14. later leit adv. 较晚地；以后，过后；后来；随后Ill join you later. 我呆会儿和你会合。She later became a doctor.她后来当了医生。A moment later the rain stopped. 片刻之后雨停了【解析】.later/after/in 三者都可以表示在一段时间之后，但用法不同。 in 是指以现在为起点的将来一段时间，故与将来时连用。 after通常指以过去某个时间为起点的过去一段时间，故与过去时态通用。after
15、 也可与将来时连用，常用在某个未来时刻或日期之前。 later也可以表示以过去某一时刻为起点的一段时间之后，与过去时态连用，这时later 与after意思相同，可以互换。 later可以与将来时态连用。如：He will be back in a week. 他一个星期之后回来。He went to America after two days. = He went to America two days later. 他两天以后去了美国。We will arrive here after 4 oclock. 我们将在四点钟后到那儿。The old man fell ill on Septe
16、mber 1st and died a few days later. 老人9月1日病倒了，几天之后就去世了。Ill tell you later. 我以后告诉你。15. ago u adv. 以前；过去的；之前a few days ago 几天之前 long ago 好久之前What happened two hours ago? 两小时前怎么了？【解析】ago/before ago只能用于过去时，放在表示“时间段”的词组之后，表示从现在算起的一段时间之前。before后接“时间点”，可用于任何时态。before 还可单独作用，常与现在完成时连用（8B将学到了），也可与一般过去时连用。如：H
17、is grandfather died five years ago. 他爷爷5年前去世了。We got to school before six oclock. 我们六点钟之前到了学校。I hope you can be here before 9.00 a.m. 我希望你能上午九点之前在这儿。I met him in Shanghai before. 我以前在上海遇见过他。16. little litl pron. 少数的， 不多的adj.小的；琐碎的；娇小的；幼小的I had little money and little free time. 我没什么钱，也没多少空闲时间。The li
18、ttle girl over there is my cousin. 那边的小女孩是我表妹。【解析】few/a few/little/a little few, a few 修饰可数名词复数。few表示否定意义，意为“很少，几乎没有”，其反义词为many。a few 表示肯定意义，意为“少数，几个，一些”，相当于some。 little, a little修饰不可数名词。little表示否定意义，意为“很少，几乎没有”，其反义词为much。a little表示肯定意义，意为“少数，一些”，也相当于some。如：There were few people living here 2 hundre
19、d years ago. 两百年之前几乎很少有人住在这儿。Ill go to do some shopping. Theres little meat in the fridge. 我要去购物。冰霜里几乎没有肉了。Could you give me a little milk? 给我一点儿牛奶，好吗？A few students in our class are crazy about computer games. 我们班上有几个学生迷恋电脑游戏。17. without wiaut prep.没有，缺乏 He often goes to school without (having)brea
20、kfast . 他经常不吃早饭就去上学。【解析】without/withwithout 作介词，意为“无，没有”。 如：Without water Man cant live. 没有水，人类不能生存。I couldnt arrive there in time without your help. 没有你的帮助我不可能及时赶到那儿。反义词with，意为“拥有，用”。如：With my teachers help, I worked out the maths problem at last.在我老师的帮助下，我终于解出了那道数学难题。Our headmaster came into the c
21、lassroom with a smile on his face. 校长面带微笑地走进了我们的教室。18. stop doing sth. / stop to do sth. stop doing sth. 意为“停止（正在）做的事情”，doing sth. 在句中是stop的宾语。 stop to do sth. 意为“停止（正在做的事）去做某事”，to do sth. 在句中作目的状语。如：The baby stopped crying and listened to the music. 婴儿停止了哭叫，听起了音乐。How about stopping to drink some co
22、ffee? 停下来喝些咖啡，好吗？注意：remember to do sth. 意为“记住（要）做某事”，这件事还没有做； remember doing sth. 意为“记得做过某事”，这件事已做过。如： Remember to bring this book next time. 别忘了下次把这本书带来。Do you remember to turn off the light when you leave ? 你记得离开时要关灯吗？I remember seeing her once. 我记得见过她一次。19. turn around 转身，（使）翻转 turn in 上交 turn on
23、/off 打开/关掉 turn over翻转 turn up/down 调高/调低 take ones turn 依次，轮流 in turn 依次If I turn around, youre behind me. 假如我转身，你就在我身后。Before you stop or turn around, look back and make sure your path is clear.在停下来或转身之前，一定要回头看一下，确信路上没有人。20. say to oneself 自言自语，心里想Dont say to oneself impossible! 不要对自己说不可能！“What sh
24、ould I do?”the old man said to himself. “我该怎么办呢？”老人自言自语。注意：think to oneself 心中想，盘算，自思自忖；自问自答21. pick up 拾起，拿起pick sb up=pick up sb. 用车接某人 pick out 精心挑选出，分辨出pick sth up=pick up sth拾起（捡起）某物He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head.他从地板上拾起帽子，重新戴在头上。I picked her up at Covent Gard
25、en to take her to lunch with my mother.我在科文特花园接上了她，然后带她和我母亲一起去吃午饭。22. run away 逃离，跑开I ran away from home when I was sixteen. 我16岁的时候离家出走了。You can run away but you cant hide你可以逃却不能躲藏。含有away短语有：be far away from 离很远 right away 立刻walk away 走开 throw away 扔掉 put away 收起来 23. be afraid 感到害怕（担心） 常用结构为：be af
26、raid to do sth. 害怕去做某事；be afraid of sth./doing sth. 害怕某事/做某事；be afraid that从句。如：The girl is afraid of dogs. 这女孩怕狗。I am afraid of breaking my glasses. 我怕打碎眼镜。Women are afraid to go out alone at night.= Women are afraid of going out alone at night. 妇女害怕晚上独自外出。Im afraid (that) Ill be late. 我恐怕要迟到了！Im a
27、fraid not. 恐怕不是这样吧！ 24no longer/ notany longer/no more/notany more 四者都表示“不再，”但它们修饰的范畴及在句中的位置不同。 no longer (= notany longer), 主要用来表示时间或距离的“不再”。它一般修饰延续性动词，表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去。 no more (= notany more), 主要用来表示数量和程度，一般常修饰短暂性动词，指某动作不再重复发生，所表达的是never again或 “没有更多”的含义。如：Tom said he would not tell lies any more.
28、= Tom said he would no more tell lies.汤姆说他再也不会撒谎了。Dont worry about me. Im not a child any more. 别担心我，我不再是小孩子了。-Does he live here any longer? 他还在这儿住吗？-No, he no longer lives here. / He doesnt live here any longer. 不，他已不在这儿住了。25. hear of 听说，知道I should hear of it if youhave. 如果有的话我应该有所耳闻了。Mother just w
29、ont hear of such an idea.妈完全不同意这样一个想法。【解析】hear, listen to 及hear of (about)这组词均有“听”的意思，区别如下：hear侧重于“听到”，强调结果，很少用于进行时态；后面加宾语，指直接听到。listen to 侧重于动作，不一定听到。hear of (about) 侧重于“听说”，指间接听别人说到，不是亲耳听到。26. at least 至少，最低限度At least I have two yeas of experience.至少我有两年的经验。Can you at least try?你能不能至少试一下?At least
30、I can give you ten dollars.最少我能给你十美元。 27The Sun is about 1,300,000 times larger than the Earth.太阳的体积是地球的约130万倍。. (1)当我们谈及天文学的各星球时，星球名称首字母均大写。平时提及“太阳”、“地球”时，则无需大写。如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。(2) 当表示某某的体积(面积)是某某体积(面积)的多少倍时用“is times larger than ”句式。如：Our school is three times larger than thei
31、rs. 我们的学校是他们的三倍大。28. On their way home, they met Andy. 在回家的路上，他们遇到了安迪。on ones way home 中home为副词，前面不用介词，如果后面跟名词，前面需加介词to, 如：On our way to his home, we thought of his poor childhood. 在我们去他家的路上，我们想起了他可怜的童年。On his way to the office, his car broke down. 在他去办公室的路上，他的汽车抛锚了。 难句讲析一译通1They turned around but c
32、ould saw nothing. 他们转过身来，但什么都没看到。 句中nothing作代词，意为notanything。 如：I have nothing to do at the moment.=I dont have anything to do at the moment.此刻我无事可做。She knew nothing about music.=She didnt know anything about music.她一点也不懂音乐。He was dressed in jeans and nothing else.他穿着牛仔装，没别的了。2When it miaowed , it s
33、ounded like a whisper. 当它“喵喵”叫的时候，听起来像是低语的声音。 sound like 听起来像。如：The wind sounded like a cry. Its so terrible. 风听起来像哭，太可怕了。 Do you know who you sound like?你知道你听上去像谁吗?3.He can write with one hand and draw with the other at the same time. 他能用一只手写的同时用另一只手绘画。 句中one the other意为“一个另一个“。如：Our flat has two b
34、edrooms. One is for my parents, the other is for myself.我家有两个卧室，一间是父母的，另一间是我自己的。 句中at the same time 同时。如：The race runners rushed out at the same time.接力赛的选手同时冲出来了。She was laughing and crying at the same time. 她一边笑一边哭。4. Later the food became popular all over the world. 后来这食物变得世界流行了。句中become为系动词，popu
35、lar作表语，如：I became interested in drawing when I was five. 我五岁的时候就开始对绘画感兴趣了。句中all over the world意为“全世界“ 如：We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。5. In China, in 1987, there were about 29TVs per 100 families, but now most families have at least one TV. 在中国，1987年每百个家庭中仅有29台电视，而如今大部分家庭至少有一台。句中per作介词
36、，尤指数量，价格，时间的“每，每个“ 如：You know how much a farmer charges per hour? 你知道农民每小时是多少钱吗?Hair on your head grows at 10-13mm per month. 你的头发每个月会长10至13毫米。6. Now TVs can be as large as 152 inches. 现在的电视机有152英寸大。句中as large as意为“和一样大“，asas中用形容词或副词的原形。如：I wish I was as slim as you. 但愿我能像你一样苗条。He bought as many as
37、ten books yesterday. 他昨天一下买了十本书He does not work as hard as you.他不象你工作努力。语法分析一点通一般过去时态（The Simple Past Tense）（一）定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, half an hour ago, in 2000等。也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。如：I got up at 6:00 yesterday. 昨天我6点钟起床。My father was
38、 at work yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我父亲在工作。He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公共汽车去上班。（二）动词过去式的构成：1规则变化及其读音（1）规则动词过去式的构成如下表：构成规则原形过去式一般动词原形末尾加-edlookplaystartlooked/lukt/played/pleid/started/ st:tid/结尾是e的动词加-dlivehopeuselived / livd/hoped / h upt/used / ju:zd/末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加
39、-edstopplantripstopped / st pt/planned / pl nd /tripped / tript/结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”，再加-edstudycarryworrystudied / stdid /carried / k rid/worried /wrid/(2) 规则动词的过去式加-ed后的发音规则如下表：读音例词在浊辅音和元音后面dcalled / k :d/ borrowed / /b r ud /moved / mu:vd/ enjoyed / in d I d/welcomed / welk md/ answered / :ns
40、d /在清辅音后面tfinished / fini t/ helped / helpt/passed / p:st/ cookded /kukt/ 在t, d音后面idwanted / w ntid/ shouted / autid /needed / ni:did/ counted /kauntid/2不规则变化不规则动词的过去式参见课本第112而不规则动词表，常见的不规则动词有：am / iswas arewere gowent havehad dodid getgot comecame saysaid seesaw putputeatate taketook第二部分 典型例题精讲1动词填
41、空（南通中考）Last night, we went to the cinema and the music of the film _(sound) sweet.导析 本题考查动词一般过去时态的用法。根据时间状语last night及动词went可以判断sound应用过去形式sounded。2单词拼写（温州中考）Last night he heard some noise and _(跑)out to see what was happening.导析 本题同样考查动词一般过去时态的用法。本句是and引导的并列句，前一句用了动词的过去式heard，所以后一句应用run的过去式ran。 3.
42、单项选择（武汉中考） Would you please buy some salt for me, Tony? Theres _left. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few 分析 本题考查little, a little, few, a few的用法。句中salt为不可数名词，故先排除C、D，因为它们修饰可数名词。句中表示要替我买些盐，说明几乎没有了，故答案为A。 4. 词形转换（福州中考） You should read every word _(careful) in the exam. 导析 careful 在这句话中修饰动词read, 需要用它
43、的副词形式carefully。read every word carefully 意为“仔细地读每一个单词”。 5. 单项选择（福州中考） -Is there _ in todays newspaper? -Yes. Shenzhou 6 will be sent up into space in the near future. A. nothing new B. new nothing C. anything new D. new anything 导析 由上下文可知这句话是要问“今天报纸上有没有什么新闻？”。 在疑问句中用不定代词anything，又由于形容词修饰不定代词时需将形容词后置
44、，所以应选C。 6. 单词拼写（宁波中考） He got up very late. So he hurried to school w_ breakfast. 分析 由前句“He got up very late.”可知他没吃早饭就匆匆上学去了。这里应该用without表示“无，没有。”7. 选择填空(1) I often _ my homework after supper. But yesterday evening I _TV. A. do, watch B. did, watched C. did, watch D. do, watched(2) The twins _ in Dal
45、ian last year. They _ here now. A. are, were B. were , are C. was, are D. were, was导析 此类题考查一般现在时和一般过去时的区别。分清句中的时间副词是答题的关键。题（1）中often是指经常性发生的动作，应用一般现在时do，而yesterday evening是具体的过去时间，故用一般过去时watched。答案为D。题（2）前句中的由last year知为一般过去时，后句由now 知用一般现在时，主语均为复数，故选B。第三部分 同类习题练习一、词汇（每小题1分，共15分）（一）根据句意及中英文提示，写出句中所缺单词。1. The police _(搜查)the forest for the missing girl all night, but they failed.2. All of us felt _(惊讶的) that the boy could carry that big box alone.3. The little girl really _(want to know) why dad left h
