1、Grammar and usageGrammar and usageUnit 3 Festivals and customs 时时态态tense时时:相对于说话人说话的相对于说话人说话的时间时间，就是动词的，就是动词的“时时”。态态:用来表达事件在时间上的用来表达事件在时间上的形态形态。态态时时一般一般进行进行完成完成完成进行完成进行过去过去一般一般过去过去时时did过去进行时过去进行时was/were doing过去完成时过去完成时had done过去完成进行时过去完成进行时had been doing现在现在一般一般现在现在时时do/does现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are doin
2、g现在完成时现在完成时have/has done现在完成进行时现在完成进行时have/has been doing将来将来一般一般将来将来时时will do将来进行时将来进行时will be doing将来完成时将来完成时will have done将来完成进行时将来完成进行时will have been doing过去过去将来将来过去将来一般时过去将来一般时would do过去将来进行时过去将来进行时would be doing过去将来完成时过去将来完成时would have done过去将来完成进行时过去将来完成进行时would have been doingFuture in the p
3、ast过去将来时过去将来时过去将来时表示在过去将来时表示在过去某个时间过去某个时间看看将要发生的动作或存在将要发生的动作或存在的状态的状态。即。即:过去将来时是过去将来时是“立足过去立足过去,着眼未来着眼未来”的一种时态。的一种时态。(1)I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon.(2)He hoped the concert would have a lovely relaxed atmosphere.我听说他们不久要回到上海。我听说他们不久要回到上海。他希望音乐会有一个愉快而轻松的气氛。他希望音乐会有一个愉快而轻松的气氛
4、。例如：I didnt know if he would come.我不知道他是否会来。They never knew that population would become a big problem.他们从来都不知道人口问题将会成为一个大问题。过去将来时常用于过去将来时常用于_从句和间接引语中。从句和间接引语中。宾语宾语She didnt tell me where she _(go).她没有告诉我她要去哪儿。Betty said she _(visit)the Great Wall next Saturday.贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。would gowould visit用法1.“
5、would+动词原形”表示从过去观点看将要发生的事。e.g.My pen friend James said he would visit me in July.I told my uncle that I would/should see him the next Sunday.He said he _(come)to see me.他说他要来看我。He told me he _(go)would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。would comewould go2.“was/were going to+动词原形”常可用来表示过去按计划或安排即将发生的事。e.g.Last
6、night I was going to take a bath,but the light suddenly went out.She said she _(start)off at once.她说她将立即出发。I was told that he _(return)home.有人告诉我他准备回家。was going to startwas going to return此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。例如：例如：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看来好像要下雨。3.“wa
7、s/were to do”表示过去按计划安排或注定要发生的事情。语气较为正式。They _(succeed)because they worked so hard.He _(meet)her at 10 on the street.She said that they _(see)their English teacher the next week.She said she _(tell)me about the accident.她说她计划把事故的相关情况告诉我。were to succeedwas to meetwere to seewas to tell4.“was/were abou
8、t to+动词原形”表示过去某时正要、就要、即将做某事（该句型不与具体时间连用）,但后面可以接但后面可以接when引导的分句。引导的分句。e.g.I was about to go out when Jerry arrived.固定句型“was/were about to do.when.”;be on the point of doing.when.正打算做这/那时I was just about to ring you up when mama called me.They _(leave)when the telephone rang.I _(go)to bed when she cam
9、e to see me.were about to leavewas just about to e,go,leave,arrive,start等动词可用过去进行时“was/were doing”代替过去将来时。e.g.Henry was leaving for New York two hours later.He said the train _(leave)at six the next morning.他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。She told me she _(come)to see me.她告诉我她要来看我。was leavingwas coming6.条件状语从句和时间状语
10、从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。I didnt know when she would come,but when she came I would let you know.我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。(注意：注意：第一个第一个when引导宾语从句，可使用将来时；第二个引导宾语从句，可使用将来时；第二个when引导时间引导时间状语从句，只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时状语从句，只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时)The teacher said that it _(be)very difficult to make progress if I didnt work hard.老师
11、说，如果我不努力学习的话，就很难取得进步。would be7.用于虚拟语气中：如果用于虚拟语气中：如果主语时过去将来时，则主语时过去将来时，则if引导的从句只能引导的从句只能用一般过去时表将来用一般过去时表将来。If I were you,I would not do that.如果我是你，我不会那样做。如果我是你，我不会那样做。If he was here,he would show us how to do it.如果他在这里，他会告诉我们怎么做。如果他在这里，他会告诉我们怎么做。(1)主语be(was或或were)going to动词原形其他(2)主语would动词原形其他(3)主语wa
12、s/were动词不定式其他(4)主语was/were about to动词原形其他肯定句否定句(1)主语be not(wasnt或werent)going to动词原形其他(2)主语would not动词原形其他一般疑问句(1)Be(Was或Were)主语going to动词原形其他？(2)Would主语动词原形其他？被动语态(1)wouldbe动词的过去分词(done)(2)was/weregoing to be动词的过去分词(done)构成 Two years ago,my mom told me that she 1._(send)me to a private high school.
13、I was so excited because I 2._(start)a new chapter of my life.But the first two weeks at the new school was the most difficult time of my entire life.I was so homesick and I 3._(not know)how to cheer myself up.To take my attention away from my sadness,I 4._(throw)myself into my studies.I wanted to k
14、eep every part of my day busy and occupied so I 5._(not think)about how lonely I felt.Gradually,I 6._(start)to adapt myself to my new life.I just remember one afternoon,as I was about 7._(leave)the classroom after school,my head teacher walked to me and said that all my hard work 8._(pay)off soon.No
15、w I 9._(be)in my dream university.So if you put your effort into something,the result 10._(not disappoint)you.would send/was going to sendwould startdidnt knowthrewwouldnt thinkstartedto leavewould payamwouldnt disappointI.语篇练习II.II.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.She was about to leave some guests came.2.She said sh
16、e (come)back the next week.3.I was not going out tonight.I (stay)at home.4.Were you going (watch)the football game this afternoon?5.We (fly)to Shanghai next Friday to attend an important meeting.whenwould comewas stayingto watchwere flyingIII.III.补全句子补全句子6.He in two hours to meet with his manager.(l
17、eave)他两小时后将赴伦敦和经理会面。他两小时后将赴伦敦和经理会面。7.It was told that the wedding the next Sunday.(take place)据说婚礼将在下周日举行。据说婚礼将在下周日举行。8.What were you going to do that evening?the baseball game on TV.(watch)那天晚上你打算做什么？那天晚上你打算做什么？我打算看电视上的棒球赛。我打算看电视上的棒球赛。was leaving for Londonwas to take placeI was going to watch9.The
18、 weather forecast said that the day before.(be)天气预报说昨天天气暖和。天气预报说昨天天气暖和。10.We for home when we were asked to practice singing.(leave)我们正要动身回家，就在这时被叫去练歌。我们正要动身回家，就在这时被叫去练歌。it was going to be warmwere about to leaveIV.IV.翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1.1.他告诉我一切都会好的。他告诉我一切都会好的。2.2.谁也不知道我们什么时候举行下次会议。谁也不知道我们什么时候举行下次会议。He told me everything would be all right.Nobody knew when we would have our next meeting.3.3.手机响时我正准备下车。手机响时我正准备下车。I was just about to get off the bus when my phone rang.4.4.那本来将是近一个月来汤姆首次和新公司的会议。那本来将是近一个月来汤姆首次和新公司的会议。It was to be Toms first meeting with the new company in nearly a month.
