1、高考英语图表类书面表达素材一、常用词汇1.点明图表所反映的主题table表格，chart图表，diagram图解/示意图，figure图形/数字，describe描述，tell告诉，show表明，represent描绘/展示，indicate显示2.分析数据差异及变化趋势（1）表示上升或增加的：rise, increase, go up（2）表示下降或减少的：decrease, fall, reduce, decline, drop, go down（3）表示变化特点的：sharply急剧地，quickly迅速地，rapidly快速地，dramatically戏剧性地，slowly缓慢地，gr
2、adually逐渐地。（4）表示比较的：compared different from, difference between, while, contrary,however, morethan, less than。3.描述图表变化趋势上升(v.)：increase; go up; rise; improve; grow;jump; rocket; soar; surge; shoot up（猛增）上升(n.)：increase; rise; growth; jump; surge下降(v.)：fall; drop; decrease; decline; go down; sink; di
3、pplummet; plunge（暴跌）下降(n.)：decrease, decline, fall, reduction, drop波动(v.)：fluctuate波动(n.)：fluctuation持平(v.)：stabilize; remain the same trend; remain stable; remain constant; level off多条曲线趋势一致：A and B share the same trend; the trend of A happens to coincide with B4.描述图表变化程度程度很大significantly；considera
4、bly；rapidly；sharply；dramatically；drastically; enormously；substantially；markedly程度较轻slightly；gradually；slowly; steadily；moderately5.极值类最高点：reach the peak/top/highest point；increase to the peak/top/highest point(所有上升类的动词都可以替换掉increase)最低点：reach/hit the bottom/lowest point；drop to the bottom/lowest poi
5、nt(所有下降类的动词都可以替换掉drop)占比最多：occupy/ make up/ take up/ account for/ the largest proportion/number/percentage of 占比最少：occupy/ make up/ take up/ account for the smallest proportion/number/percentage of6.表示大约 about/around +数字数字+ or soapproximately +数字二、常用句式（一）表示“说明”在说明图表的时候，要使用下列表示“说明”的常用句式，它们可以帮助读者弄清楚所引
6、信息的出处，有效地将你要说的话带出来。1.As we can see from the chartgraph / tablediagram,从图表中可以看出(eg:模板(一)How People Spent Their Holidays)2.The chartgraph / tablediagram showsdisplays that,如图所示3.As can be shown inAccording to the chartgraph / tablediagram,如图所示4.The figuresstatistics in the chart reflectshowreveal that
7、图表中的数据表明5.The chartgraphtablediagram illustratesdescribes图表描述了6.It is clearapparent from the chartgraph / tablediagram that从图表我们可以清楚地看到（二）表示“数据”1.had the largest percentageproportion of 在方面具有很大的百分比。2.account (s) fortake (s) up 10.占有10。3.Compared with A, B has a higher percentage.与A相比，B有更高的比例。4.On th
8、e top of the list is, which accounts for 60.占比重最高的是，占60。5.At the bottom is, which takes up 20.占最低比重的是，占20。6.A is second to B.A仅次于B。7.A is rankedrated first, followed by B at 30and C at 25.A占最高比重，紧随其后的是占30的B和占25的C。（三）表示“数据变化”在描述图表的过程中，考生有必要对图表的数据进行描述，因此，掌握相应地表示变化的句式也是相当重要的。a.表示增加、减少和波动的常用结构1.The numb
9、er of (private cars) increasedrose suddenlyrapidlydramaticallysubstantiallyconsiderablysharplysteeply fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有了急剧的增长。2.There was a suddenrapiddramaticsubstantialconsiderablesharpsteep increaserise in the number of (private cars) fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有了急剧的增长。3.There was a boom in the number
10、 of (private cars) fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有了急剧的增长。4.The number of (private cars) climbedjumpedrose suddenlywent sharply upsoared toin在(时间)，(私家车)的数量猛增到(辆)。5.There was an evidentapparentobvious increase infromto.从到期间，在方面有明显的增长。6.The number of (private cars) increasedrose steadilygradually fromto从到期间，(私家车)
11、的数量有了稳定持续的增长。7.There was a steadygradual increaserise in the number of (private cars) fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有了稳定持续的增长。8.There was a slightslow increaserise in the number of (private cars) fromto从到期间， (私家车)的数量有了稍微缓慢的增长。9.The number of (private cars)increasedrose slightlyslowly fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有了稍微缓慢的
12、增长。10.The number of (private cars) decreasedfelldropped suddenlyrapidlydramaticallysubstantiallysharplysteeply fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有了急剧的下降。11.There was a suddenrapiddramaticsubstantialsharpsteep decreasedropreductiondecline in the number of (private cars)fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有了急剧的下降。12.There was a (n)
13、evidentapparentobvious reductiondecline in.from.to.从到期间，在方面有明显的下降。13.The number of (private cars) dropped sharplywent sharply down toin在(时间)，(私家车)的数量急剧下降到(辆)。14.The number of (private cars) increasedrose by fromto在(时间)，(私家车)的数量增加了百分之15.The number of (private cars) felldroppeddeclined by fromto在(时间)，
14、(私家车)的数量下降了百分之16.There was a slight fluctuation in the number of (private cars) fromto从到期间，(私家车)的数量有轻微的波动。b.表示变化不大或没有变化的常用结构1.The number of (private cars) remained steadystableconstant betweenand从到期间，(私家车)的数量保持稳定。2.The number of (private cars) stayed the same betweenand从到期间，(私家车)的数量并没有发生变化。3.There w
15、as littlehardly any change in the number of (private cars ) betweenand从到期间，(私家车)的数量并没有发生变化。4.The number of (private cars) remained level betweenand从到期间，(私家车)的数量趋于稳定。5.The number of (private cars) remained steady at approximatelybetweenand从到期间，(私家车)的数量稳定在(辆)左右。6.The number of (private cars) appeared
16、to level off.(私家车)的数量开始稳定下来了。c.表示最高点或最低点的常用结构1.The situationfigures reached a peaka high at in情况(数据)在(时间)达到顶点，为(数目)。2.The situationfigures bottomed out at in情况(数据)在(时间)达到最低点，为(数目)。3.The situationfigures peaked at in.情况(数据)在(时间)达到顶点，为(数目)。4.The situationfigures hit a trough at .in情况(数据)在(时间)达到最低点，为(数
17、目)。5.The number soared to a record high of数量剧增至历史新高，为(数目)。d.表示倍数的常用结构1.A is twicethree timesfour times what it was in与(时间)相比，A是原来的两倍(三倍、四倍)。2.A is twicethree timesfour times the amount in与(时间)相比，A是原来的两倍(三倍、四倍)。3.A is twicethree timesfour times as muchmany as.in与(时间)相比，A是原来的两倍(三倍、四倍)：4.A is twicethre
18、e timesfour times more than.in.与(时间)相比，A是原来的两倍(三倍、四倍)还要多。5.Fromto, A increaseddropped more than six fold.从到期间，A增加(减少)了六倍。6.The output of steel in 1990 was 400up compared with in 1980.与1980年相比，1990年钢铁产量增加了四倍。7.The figure was roughly doubledtripledquintupled betweenand从到期间，数字大概是原来的两倍(三倍、五倍)三、功能句型（一）解释
19、原因 Three major factors / reasons give rise to（引起）the situation（情况）/ phenomenon (现象）mentioned above. What gives rise to the situation / phenomenon can be summarized as follows. It is of no difficulty to come up with（提出，想出）some possible factors for these changes. The contributing factors（成因）responsibl
20、e for this phenomenon can be summarized as follows. What accounts for this situation? At least, for my part, three factors contribute to it. This situation can be traced to（追溯到）a multitude of（众多的）factors; the fundamental ones, however, can be sought as follows.（二）分条描述原因First and foremost, these chan
21、ges are closely related to.In the first place, this trend is bound up with（与.有密切关系).In addition, we must admit that this tendency/situation also has a lot to do with .Moreover, it must be stressed that the present situation, to a certain degree, stems from.is another significant factor that cannot b
22、e ignored.Finally, we may notice that .also plays a positive roles in leading to this phenomenon.（三）评论预测评论类 It is of great importance for (the government and authorities concerned) to (place a higher value on) (the practical education and integrated development of college students). For one thing, r
23、elevant laws and regulations have to be established and implemented (to protect the rights of college students when they take part in part-time jobs).For another, it is high time that a nationwide campaign was launched to educate (college students to strike a balance between their social work and st
24、udy).In these ways, a brighter future will surely await the young generation when they step into real society. In view of the description and analysis above, Im convinced that .预测趋势类From what has been discussed above, the trend can be predicated(预测) to continue in the following years with the rapid
25、development of economy and society. I firmly believe that this tendency will continue in the forthcoming years. And there is every possible reason to believe that this condition will go on in the near future. And we can predict with assurance that the situation will continue maintaining an upward trend in the following years. Thus, how to tackle this problem properly should be placed on a high value by the public and relevant departments. And accordingly, immediate measures must be taken to reverse（逆转）or at least ease this worsening situation.5
