1、Unit 1Reading 1The evolution of video and sound devices高中英语高中英语 选择性必修（第二册）选择性必修（第二册）Unit 3 Fit for lifeLearning aims:By the end of this class,you will be able to:Learn to identify the structure of articles；Learn to analyze long and complex sentences;Learn to use sentence patterns and get much writin
2、g practice.2Pattern1 教材P31Genome editing,serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases,will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care.基因组编辑作为对抗疾病的一种新手段，将使我们的医疗保健方法发生根本性的变化。句式剖析：本句是一个简单句。_是主语，现在分词短语 serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases 在句中做_，修饰主语，相当于定语从句 whi
3、ch serves as.diseasesGenome editing定语考点提炼：现在分词（短语）做定语（1）形式：现在分词做定语时，只能用doing和being done两种形式。（2）意义：doing表_。being done表示被动、动作正在进行。（3）位置：单个的现在分词做定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前；现在分词短语做定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后。（4）扩展成句：现在分词短语做后置定语时可扩展成定语从句。主动、动作正在进行或现在（当时）的状态Dont wake up _.不要吵醒这个正在睡觉的男孩。（主动、动作正在进行）Will the people _keep quiet?=_）坐在
4、后面的人保持安静，好吗？（主动、动作正在进行）The matter _is very important.=_）正在讨论的事情很重要。（被动、动作正在进行）the sleeping boysitting at the back（who are sitting at the backbeing discussed（which is being discussedPattern2 教材P31Without them，genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.没有它们，基因组编辑可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。句式剖析：本句
5、是一个简单句，句首的介词短语在句中做状语，句子的主语是genome editing，句子结构为主系表，表语中的“as dangerous as”属于“as形容词as”结构，是“和一样”结构的一种具体形式。第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级。第二个as为连词，引导状语从句，也可以为介词，其后接名词或代词。考点提炼：as.as句型“as.as.句型”是由两个as组成的，其中第一个as的词性是副词，词义是“同样地”第二个as来引出比较的对象，这个as的词性是连词，词义是“像一样”He is nearly _.他差不多和你一样高了。Obviously,the boy doesnt work _
6、many of his classmates.显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那样学习刻苦。He doesnt play the piano _ his younger sister.他没有他妹妹弹钢琴弹得好。“as.as.句型”的省略His room is as clean ashis room could be.他的房间像它本应该的那样干净。My mind isnt as sharp in the afternoon as my mind is in the morning.在下午我的思维不像在早上那么敏捷。as tall as you areas hard asas well as类似“a
7、s ever”、“as possible”等词组也是从句省略后的产物，例如：The content of the magazine is as interesting as The content of the magazine has ever been.这份杂志的内容一贯的有趣。归纳拓展：（1）as.as.的否定式为：not asso.as.不如（2）表达倍数关系的句型为：A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B 意思是“A是B的几倍”（3）当as.as中间有名词时，应采用如下格式：“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as”或”as+adj.+n.（可数名词复数或不可数名词）+as”（4）as.
8、as one can/could=as.as possible尽可能Today it is _yesterday.今天没有昨天热。The girl has _ the nightingale.这个姑娘的嗓音像夜莺一样婉转。She has _Mary(does).她和玛丽有一样多的朋友。I can carry _you can.我能和你搬一样多的纸。not asso hot as as sweet a voice as as many friends as as much paper as Pattern3 教材P31Despite the public argument over this t
9、echnology,its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond.尽管公众对这项技术有争论，但它的可能性一直以来在整个医学界内外都引起了（人们）很多的兴奋。句式剖析：本句是一个简单句，Despite（介词）构成的短语在句中做让步状语，主语是_，谓语是_，_ 是宾语，介词短语 throughout.beyond 做后置定语，修饰much excitement。its possibilitieshave been creatingmuch
10、 excitement 考点提炼：“despiten.pron.v.-ing”构成让步状语despitein spite of意为“尽管，不管，任凭”He came to the meeting _.尽管生病，但他还是来参加了会议。He had to laugh _.他不想笑，但还是忍不住笑了出来。_,he is still out of work.尽管他申请了数百份工作，但仍然在失业中。despite his illnessdespite himselfDespite applying for hundreds of jobs_ she needed a rest,she went to B
11、eijing.尽管她需要休息，她还是去了北京。_ the author,it seems that the poem was inspired by a real event.不管作者是谁，这首诗似乎是受到了一个真实事件的启发。_,he had to go to work.虽然天气很冷，但他还是得去上班。Despite the fact thatRegardless ofThough it was cold易混辨析：in spite of，despite，though，although 与 as易混词（组）区别in spite of/despite介词(Despite the fact tha
12、t.)后面不接让步状语从句，而是接名词、代词或动名词做宾语though/although连词引导让步状语从句，though引导的从句可以用倒装，although 则不能as连词引导让步状语从句，从句需要用倒装语序_,he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，他懂得的东西却很多。_,he knows a lot.他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。(=Though he is young,he knows a lot.)_,the children play outdoors.虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。Child though he isYoung as he isCold as it isPat
13、tern4 教材 P34In addition，it looks very lifelike with special rubber used on the outside.此外，它看起来非常逼真，外面使用的是特殊橡胶。句式剖析：本句是一个简单句，主语是it，looks 是系动词，very lifelike是表语，with的复合结构在句中做状语，used on the outside是过去分词短语做宾语补足语。考点提炼：with的复合结构with的复合结构，即“with 宾语宾语补足语”结构在句中常做后置定语或状语，其常见形式如下：with+宾语+介词短语with+宾语+过去分词done（宾语
14、和宾补之间是被动关系）with+宾语+现在分词doing（宾语和宾补之间是动宾关系）with+宾语+to do（不定式作宾补有“将来”的意思）with+宾语+形容词/副词The girl felt very safe _.女孩的妈妈站在她的身后，这使得她感到很安全。（her mother与stand之间是逻辑上的主谓关系）_，she went home.买了她需要的所有东西后，她回家了。（things与buy之间是逻辑上的动宾关系）_,I have no time to chat with you.有这么多的书要读，我没时间跟你闲聊。（books与read之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动
15、形式表示被动意义）with her mother standing behind herWith all the things she needed boughtWith so many books to read_,we had no difficulty finding the library.有那个善良的女孩带领我们，我们毫不费劲地找到了图书馆。（原因状语）He stood beside his father _.他低着头站在父亲身边。（方式状语）The popularity of basketball has risen around the world,_.现在篮球运动的普及程度在世
16、界范围内得到了提升，许多年轻人都梦想成为著名的球星。（伴随状语）With the kind girl leading uswith his head onwith many young people dreaming of becoming famous players特别提醒：with的复合结构的难点在于现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式做宾语补足语的区别。现在分词做宾语补足语表示主动或动作正在进行，宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词做宾语补足语表示被动或动作已完成，宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系；动词不定式做宾语补足语表示动作将要发生。Pattern 5 教材 P34
17、 Over the past three months，I have been testing out the limits of what I can do with my new hand，and it constantly surprises me.在过去的三个月里，我一直在测试用我的新手能做的事情的极限，它总是让我感到惊讶。句式剖析：本句是由and连接的并列句，前一分句是复合句，what引导的宾语从句在句中做介词of的宾语。what在从句中做do的宾语。考点提炼：what引导的宾语从句what引导的宾语从句既可以做动词的宾语又可以做介词的宾语，what引导宾语从句时既有一定的含义，又起
18、连接作用，并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。He was deeply displeased by _.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。（what在从句中做主语）I live in _“Ancient Greece”.我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。（what在从句中做宾语）We still dont know _.我们仍然不知道那个人的名字是什么。（what在从句中做表语）what had occurred that daywhat you callwhat the mans name iswhat可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，在句中做主语、宾语和表语等成分，相当于“这一结构。_ was t
19、he longitude line.她最感兴趣的是那条经线。That was _ this morning on the attic.那就是她今天上午在阁楼干的事情。What interested her mostwhat she did 练习：_,the children play outdoors.虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。We still dont know _.我们仍然不知道那个人的名字是什么。He stood beside his father _.他低着头站在父亲身边。_ she needed a rest,she went to Beijing.尽管她需要休息，她还是去了北京。Cold as it iswhat the mans name iswith his head onDespite the fact that
