1、高考英语阅读理解高难词汇A 1.abandon v.抛弃,遗弃abandon oneself to sth沉湎于某事;陷入(某种感情)2.abnormal adj.反常的,不正常的(反:normal)3.absolutely adv.完全地;彻底地; 当然;绝对地(absolutely not 绝对不行;当然不)4.abstract adj.抽象的 n.摘要,概要 v.提取;写摘要5.abundance n.充裕;丰富(in abundance 大量;丰盛)6.academic adj.学业的,学术的7.accelerate v.(使)加快,(使)加速8.accommodation n.住处;
2、工作场所provide accommodation(s) for为提供住处9.accomplish v.(尤指通过努力)完成,实现10.accumulate v.积累,积聚;逐渐增加11.accustomed adj.习惯的be accustomed to(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事12.acknowledge vt.承认,认可,感谢(be widely acknowledged to be.被公认为是)13.acquaintance n.认识的人,泛泛之交;了解( have a passing/nodding acquaintance with sth.对一知半解)14.acqui
3、sition n.(知识、技能等的)获得,得到;购置物,获得物15.adaptively adv.适应性地16.administration n.管理;执行;实施;(尤指美国)政府17.administrator n.管理人员,行政人员18.adolescence n.青春期(常指 12 至 18 岁期间)19.adorable adj.可爱的;讨人喜爱的20.advocate v.拥护,提倡(+doing)21.affectionately adv.表示关爱地;深情地22.affordable adj.负担得起的,价格合理的23.agency n.服务机构;(尤指)代理机构,经销机构24.a
4、genda n.(会议的)议程表,议事日程25.aggressive adj.好斗的;挑衅的26.alert adj.警惕的,警觉的(be alert to sth.对某事物警觉) v.使警觉;向报警27.allergic adj.过敏的( be allergic to sth.对某物过敏;厌恶某事物,对某事物十分反感)28.alternative adj.可供替代的;非传统的 n.可供选择的事物( have no alternative but to do sth.除了做某事别无选择)29.amateur adj.业余的 n.业余爱好者30.ambiguous adj.模棱两可的;不明确的3
5、1.ambitious adj.有野心的;有雄心的;费力的32.amount(to)总计;共计;等于;相当于33.anticipate v.预料,预期;期盼,期望(+doing)34.antique adj.古老的;古董的35.apparently adv.据说;看来36.appetite n.食欲,胃口;欲望;喜爱( have an appetite for 对感兴趣)37.applaud v.鼓掌;称赞,赞许38.applicant n.申请人39.application n.申请(书);应用40.appreciation n.欣赏,赏识;感激41.appropriately adv.恰当
6、地,合适地42.approving adj.赞成的;同意的43.approximately adv.近似;大约44.arbitrary adj.任意的;专横的;武断的45.architectural adj.建筑学的;建筑方面的46.arouse vt.引起(期望、兴趣、憎恨、怀疑等)47.artificial adj.人造的,人工的48.assistance n.帮助,援助(turn to sb.for assistance向某人求助;come to ones assistance 来帮助某人;with the assistance of在的帮助下)49.assumption n.假定,假设
7、(make an assumption作出假设)50.atmosphere n.大气层;气氛,氛围,环境51.attachment n.附件,附属物;依恋,爱慕52.attractive adj.诱人的;吸引人的;令人愉快的53.authority n.权力;权威(the authorities 当局,官方)54.automatic adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的55.autonomous adj.自治的;自主的56.awesome adj.令人赞叹的;令人畏惧的;可怕的57.awkward adj.令人尴尬的;笨拙的(awkwardness n.尴尬;笨拙)B1.bacterium n
8、.细菌(pl.bacteria)2.barely adv.几乎不;勉强能3.barrier n.屏障;障碍;隔阂4.beautician n.美容师5.better v.胜过;超过6.biodiversity n.生物多样性7.botanical adj.植物学的8.boundary n.分界线,边界;界限9.boycott vt.抵制,拒绝参加 n.(对某事物的)抵制10.breathtaking adj.激动人心的;惊人的11.brilliance n.光辉;光彩12.budget n.预算( a really tight budget预算很紧) v.编制预算,谨慎花钱adj.花钱少的C1
9、.calculate vt.计算,预测;估计(It has been calculated that据估算)2.calligraphy n.书法;书法艺术3.capable adj.有能力(of);足以胜任的4.capacity n.能力;容量5.caption n.(图片、漫画的)说明文字 v.给加文字说明6.catastrophe n.灾难,灾祸7.category n.种类,范畴8.cautious adj.小心的,谨慎的,慎重的be cautious about(doing) sth.对(做)某事谨慎9.cease v.(使)停止,终止,结束10.celebrity n.名人;名誉11
10、.certificate n.证明书;(毕业)文凭12.challenging adj.具有挑战性的(challenged adj.伤残的,有残疾的)13.champion n.冠军;优胜者14.characteristic n.特征;特性;特色adj.典型的,独特的(be characteristic of sb.是某人的典型特征)15.chopsticks n.筷子16.circumstance n.条件;环境;状况(in/under no circumstances 决不)17.classify vt.分类;归类(classify sth.as/under sth.将归在类)18.coi
11、ncidence n.巧合,巧事( by coincidence 巧合的是;What a coincidence! 太巧了! )19.collaboration n.合作;协作(in collaboration with sb.与某人合作)20.collapse v.& n.倒塌;昏倒;暴跌21.collision n.碰撞,相撞;冲突,抵触mercial adj.商业的,商务的mitment n.承诺;投入;奉献(make a commitment to sb.对某人作出承诺)munity n.社区;团体passion n.怜悯,同情(feel/show compassion for对感到/
12、表示同情)pensate v.弥补,补偿;赔偿(compensate for弥补;compensate sb.for sth.赔偿某人某方面的损失)petence n.能力;胜任plex adj.复杂的;难懂的;费解的 n.建筑群ponent n.零件;成分;组成部分pound n.化合物;混合体prehensive adj.综合性的,全面的;有理解力的promise v.妥协,让步(compromise with sb.对某人妥协) n.妥协,折中办法pulsory adj.规定的,强制的,义务的(compulsory schooling/education 义务教育)34.concede
13、v.承认(某事属实、合乎逻辑等)35.consensus n.共识,一致的意见(consensus on/about 在方面达成共识)36.consequence n.后果(as a consequence/in con-sequence 因此;be of little/no consequence to sb.对某人来说无关紧要)37.conservation n.保护;节约38.conservative adj.保守的,守旧的 n.保守的人39.conservatory n.温室,暖房;音乐学院,戏剧学院40.consistent adj.一贯的,一致的(be consistent wit
14、h sth.与某事物相一致)41.consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医生,会诊医生42.consultation n.咨询;商讨;商讨会43.consumption n.消耗,消耗量;消费44.contemporary adj.当代的;现代的(同:modern)n.同代人;同辈45.contract n.契约,合同v.感染;订约;(使)收缩46.contradictory adj.矛盾的,抵触的47.controversial adj.引起争论的,有争议的48.conventional adj.传统的,常规的;守旧的49.convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的50.corr
15、espond vi.符合,相一致;通信(correspond with/to sth.与相一致;correspond with sb.与某人通信)51.criterion n.(判断、决定的)标准,准则(+ for)(pl.criteria)52.crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的53.curriculum n.课程D1.deliberately adv.故意地,蓄意地2.delicate adj.微小的;需要小心处理的3.deposit n.订金,押金,保证金 v.放置;使沉积;存入4.depressing adj.令人抑郁的;令人沮丧的(depressed adj.抑郁的;沮丧的
16、;萧条的)5.description n.描述,描写,形容(beyond description 无法描述,难以形容)6.desirable adj.值得做的,值得拥有的7.desperate adj.拼命的,绝望的;非常需要的(be desperate with fear因恐惧而感到绝望;be desperate for sth.渴望某物;be desperate to do sth.急于做某事)8.destination n.目的地;终点9.dilemma n.进退两难的境地,困境( in a dilemma处于困境中)10.dimension n.方面(同:aspect);(usuall
17、y dimensions)大小,尺寸(同:measurement)11.disastrous adj.灾难性的,以失败告终的12.discharge v.释放,允许离开13.discrimination n.歧视;辨别力14.disgusting adj.令人恶心的,使人极其反感的,令人厌恶的15.displace v.取代,代替(同:replace);迫使离开家园16.distinguish v.区分,辨别(distinguish between right and wrong明辨是非;distinguish.from.区分与)17.distribute vt.分发,分配(distribut
18、e sth.to/among给分发某物/在中分发某物)18.disturbing adj.令人不安的,使人烦恼的19.diverse adj.各种各样的,形形色色的,相异的20.document vt.记录,记载;用文件证明,用文献支持 n.文件,公文,文献21.dominate v.支配;控制;左右;影响22.donor n.捐献者,捐赠者23.duration n.持续时间;期间24.dynamic adj.精力充沛的;不断移动的E1.ecology n.生态;生态学2.ecotourism n.生态旅游3.elegantly adv.优雅地4.elementary adj.简单的,基本的
19、;初级的5.eliminate vt.消除,清除;(比赛中)淘汰6.embarrassing adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)7.emergency n.紧急情况,突发事件(in an emergency在紧急情况下)8.emission n.排放物,散发物;(光、热等的)散发,排放9.enhance v.提高;增强;增进10.enormously adv.非常;极其11.enterprise n.公司,组织,企业;事业心,进取心12.enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的be enthusiastic about(doing) sth.热衷于(做)某事13.environme
20、ntally-related adj.与环境有关的14.episode n.(人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段,插曲15.establishment n.机构,单位;建立,设立16.estimate v.估价;估算It is estimated(that ).据估计17.evaporate v.(使)蒸发;(感觉)逐渐消逝18.eventually adv.最后;终于19.exceptional adj.杰出的;优秀的;异常的;特别的20.explicit adj.清楚明确的,直截了当的21.exposure n.暴露;接触;遭受;被报道22.extraordinary adj.非凡的,特别的
21、;异乎寻常的F1.facilitate v.促进;促使;使便利2.facility n.设施,设备(同:equipment);天赋,才能(同:talent)3.fantastically adv.奇异地;难以置信地4.far-reaching adj.影响深远的;广泛的5.fertilizer n.肥料6.flavour n.味道;调味品,调味香料7.flexible adj.灵活的;柔韧的,有弹性的8.forgetfully adv.健忘地,爱忘事地9.fragment n.碎片;片段10.fragrant adj.香的,芳香的11.frequency n.发生率,出现率;频繁;频率12.f
22、unctional adj.实用的;作用的;功能的;(能)起作用的13.fundamental adj.根本的;基本的,基础的G1.generate v.产生;引起2.generation n.一代人(from generation to generation一代一代地)3.geographical adj.地理的;地理学的4.gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地;渐进地5.guarantee v.保证;确保(guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事;guarantee to do sth.保证做某事)6.guidance n.指导,引导(+on/about)(under ones
23、 guidance 在某人的指导下)7.guideline n.指导方针,指导原则H1.habitat n.(动植物的)生活环境,栖息地2.harmonious adj.协调的;和谐的3.harmony n.(音乐中的)和声;融洽相处(live/work in harmony 融洽地生活/工作;in harmony with sth.和某事物协调)4.heartily adv.开怀地;完全地;十分地5.highlight v.突出,强调6.hint n.& v.暗示(give sb.a hint 给某人一个暗示;hint at sth.暗示某事)7.humble adj.谦逊的;虚心的8.hu
24、morous adj.幽默的,滑稽的9.hurricane n.飓风10.hydrogen n.氢(一种化学元素)I1.identical adj.完全同样的;相同的(be identical to/with与完全相同)2.identification n.身份证明(文件);确认;识别,鉴定(identification card 身份证)3.identify v.认出,识别;确定,发现(identify.as.确认是;identify with.认同,与有同感)unidentifiable adj./nadentfabl/无法辨认的;难以确认的;无法识别的4.ignorant adj.不了解
25、的;无知的5.immediately adv.立即;马上 conj.一就6.immigration n.移居(入境);移民人数7.implant v.灌输;(通常指通过手术将)植入(implant sth.in sb.给某人灌输某事;把某物植入某人体内)8.imply vt.暗示,暗指;意味着9.inactive adj.不活动的,不活跃的,懒散的(反:active)10.incredibly adv.极端地;极其;令人难以置信11.independence n.独立;自主12.individual adj.单独的;个别的 n.个人13.infect v.传染(+with);使感染(某种感情)
26、,影响14.infer v.推断;暗示;意指15.infinity n.(空间或距离的)无限,无穷16.influence n.& v.影响(have an influence on sb./sth.对某人/某物有影响)17.influential adj.有很大影响的;有支配力的18.ingredient n.成分,食材;要素,因素19.initiate v.开始实施,发起20.initiative n.倡议,新方案;主动性;积极性21.innocent adj.清白的,无罪的(+of);天真无邪的22.innovation n.革新,创新23.insert vt.插入,放进24.insig
27、ht n.领悟;洞察力,眼光25.intake n.摄取量,吸入量;加入的人数26.integrate v.(使)合并,(使)结合27.integrity n.诚实,正直;完整;完好28.intelligence n.智力,悟性,理解力( high intelligence 高智商)29.interaction n.相互影响,相互作用;交流30.interpersonal adj.人际的,人际关系的31.intimate adj.温馨的;亲密的,密切的32.irrigation n.灌溉33.isolate v.孤立,隔离;分隔Jjustify v.证明合理;为辩解Kknowledgeable
28、 adj.有丰富知识的,博学的(+ about)L1.lag v.落后(于),拖后(+behind) n.时间间隔2.layout n.布局,设计(+ of)3.likewise adv.同样地,相似地4.literally adv.按字面;字面上5.logically adv.逻辑上考试说明全解6.loosen v.放松;松开,解开7.luxurious adj.十分舒适的;奢侈的M1.mastery n.熟练,精通(+of)2.maximum adj.最高的,最多的,最大极限的 n.最大量,最大限度(反:minimum)3.mentality n.(尤指被视为错误或愚蠢的)心态4.merc
29、iful adj.宽大的,慈悲的,仁慈的5.minimize v.使减少到最低限度6.minimum adj.最小的,最低的,最低限度的 n.最小值,最少量,最低限度7.minority n.少数派,少数;少数民族8.misread vt.对判断错误;读错;看错9.misunderstand v.误解10.motivation n.动力;动机;原因11.mountainous adj.多山的;巨大的,庞大的12.multiply v.乘,乘以;成倍增加N1.navigation n.(水上的)航行2.necessity n. 必要;必需;必需品3.negative adj.有害的,不良的;消极
30、的,负面的(反:positive)4.negotiate v.谈判,协商(+with)5.nevertheless adv.然而,不过;尽管如此6.non-governmental adj.非政府的7.nutrition n.营养O1.occupation n.工作,职业;占领2.operative adj.手术的;可使用的3.opponent n.对手;竞争者4.oppose v.反对;抵制;阻挠5.opposite adj.对立的,截然相反的n.相反的人/事物;对立物6.optimistic adj.乐观的,乐观主义的(be optimistic about 对乐观)7.optional
31、adj.可选择的;选修的(反:compulsory)8.orchestra n.管弦乐队9.originally adv.原来;起初10.otherwise adv.否则,要不然11.outcome n.结果,后果(同:result)12.outspoken adj.直率的,直言不讳的13.outstanding adj.杰出的,优秀的,出色的14.overhear vt.无意中听到,偶然听到(overhear sb.saying sth.无意中听到某人在说某事)15.overlook v.忽视,忽略16.overpopulated adj.人口过多的17.overreact vi.反应过激(
32、overreact to sth.对某事反应过激)18.oversell v.吹嘘,过分颂扬P1.parallel n.联系;相似之处(in parallel with 和一起,和同时;have no parallel/be without parallel 没有可相比拟的事物,无可匹敌) adj.平行的(+to/with);极相似的2.participate vi.参加,参与(+in)3.particularly adv.特别;尤其4.passion n.强烈的情感,激情;热爱5.patience n.耐心,忍耐力(have no patience with sb.对某人没有耐心;lose/
33、run out of patience with sb.对某人失去耐心)6.pedestrian n.行人,步行者7.pension n.养老金,退休金8.perceive v.认为,理解;察觉,注意到;意识到9.permanent adj.长久的,永久的,永恒的(反:temporary)10.personnel n.全体人员,职员;人事部门11.persuasive adj.有说服力的;令人信服的12.pessimistic adj.悲观的(+about sth.);悲观主义的13.phenomenon n.现象(pl.phenomena)14.poisonous adj.有毒的,引起中毒的
34、;令人很不愉快的15.popularization n.通俗化,大众化;普及16.porridge n.粥,麦片粥17.portable adj.手提式的,便携式的,轻便的18.positive adj.有信心的,积极乐观的(be positive about 对乐观) n.优势;优点19.possession n.拥有,持有,占有;所有物,财产(in ones possession 被某人所拥有;in/take possession of拥有,持有)20.postpone vt.推迟,延期( postpone doing sth.推迟做某事)21.potential adj.潜在的,可能的
35、n.可能性,潜力22.practical adj.真实的;实际的;切实可行的23.precious adj.宝贵的,珍贵的;珍稀的24.pregnant adj.怀孕的(pregnant with 饱含)25.prejudice n.偏见,歧视(+against)26.prescription n.处方,药方(+for)27.presentation n.授予,颁发;介绍28.preserve v.保护,维护;保持;保存;保养29.preview n.预映;预展;预演30.previous adj.以前的,先前的(+to)31.primarily adv.主要地32.primary adj.首
36、要的,主要的33.primitive adj.原始的,远古的34.priority n.优先,优先权;优先事项,最重要的事35.privilege n.特权;特殊待遇;荣幸36.procedure n.(正常)程序;步骤;手续37.productivity n.生产率;生产效率38.prohibit vt.禁止(同:forbid);阻止(同:prevent)(prohibit sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事)39.promotion n.提拔,晋升;促进,促销;提倡40.psychology n.心理;心理学41.punctual adj.准时的;守时的42.purchas
37、e vt.购买1.qualification n.资格,学历;资历2.qualified adj.具备的学历(资历、知识、技能)(+for sth./to do sth.)R1.radioactive adj.放射性的2.random adj.随意的,随机的 n.随意; 随机(at random 任意地;随便地)3.randomly adv.随意地;任意地4.recall v.回想起,回忆起(recall doing sth.回想起做某事)5.receptionist n.接待员6.recommend vt.建议;推荐,介绍(recommend doing sth.建议做某事;recommen
38、d sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物)7.recreation n.娱乐;消遣;娱乐活动8.reference n.提到,谈及(+to)(with/in reference to sth.关于某事)9.register v.记录,登记(register for 注册)10.regulate v.控制,管理;调整,调节11.regulation n.规则,条例,法令(under.regulations根据法令)12.reject v.拒绝;拒收;不考虑13.relevant adj.相关的,切题的(be relevant to与相关)14.reliable adj.可依靠的,可信赖的15.re
39、markable adj.非凡的;奇异的;显著的;引人注目的16.reminder n.提醒人的事物;引起回忆的事物17.representative n.代表;代理人18.reroute v.使(车辆、飞机、电话等)改变路线19.reservation n.预订;保留20.residential adj.住宅的;适合居住的;提供住宿的21.resigned adj.逆来顺受的;顺从的(+to sth./doing sth.)22.resolution n.决议;解决;决心23.respectful adj.有礼貌的,恭敬的24.respective adj.分别的;各自的25.respons
40、ibility n.责任take responsibility for(doing ) sth.承担(做)某事的责任;Its ones responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的责任。26.responsible adj.负责的;应受责备的;作为原因(+for)27.restful adj.平静的,悠闲的28.restrict v.限定(数量、范围等);约束29.restriction n.限制;规定;约束(place a restriction on sth.对某事实行限制)30.ridiculous adj.愚蠢的,荒唐可笑的31.rigid adj.死板的;固执的;
41、僵硬的;一成不变的32.routine n.惯例,常规;例行公事S1.sacred adj.神圣的2.sacrifice n.牺牲;祭献 v.牺牲(sacrifice sth.for sb./sth.为了某人/某事牺牲某物;sacrifice sth.To do sth.牺牲某物做某事)3.scatter v.撒播;使分散,驱散4.sceptical adj.持怀疑态度的,不相信的(+ about/of)5.season v.(加盐、胡椒粉等)给调味n.季节6.seasoned adj.经验丰富的;调过味的;风干的7.sensitive adj.善解人意的;易生气的;敏感的(be sensit
42、ive to 对敏感)8.sensitivity n.体贴,体恤;敏感;过敏9.session n.(尤指一批人参加某项活动的)一段时间;正式会议10.shallow adj.浅的,肤浅的11.shrink v.(shrank, shrunk)(使)缩小,(使)收缩;减少12.significance n.重要性;意义13.significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地;明显地14.simplify vt.使简易,使简单,简化15.sizeable adj.相当大的16.snack n.小吃,点心17.souvenir n.纪念品;纪念物18.specific adj.特定的,特有的
43、;明确的19.spice n.(调味)香料;额外的趣味(或刺激等)20.splendid adj.极佳的;壮丽的;富丽堂皇的21.sponsor n.赞助商;资助者;发起人,倡议人vt.赞助;资助22.squeeze v.压,捏,挤;压出;榨出23.stability n.稳定(性);稳固(性)24.stimulate v.刺激;激发;鼓励;促进25.straightforward adj.简单的,易懂的;诚实的,坦率的26.strengthen v.加强;增强;巩固27.stretch v.(使)变松,拉长;伸开,伸展28.stubborn adj.执拗的;顽固的;倔强的29.subject
44、ive adj.主观的(反:objective)30.submit v.呈送,递交,呈递;顺从(+to)31.subscribe vi.定期订阅,订购(+to)32.subsequent adj.随后的;后来的33.substance n.物质;实质34.substantial adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的35.substitute v.代替;替换;顶替(substitute A for B用A 代替B)36.supervision n.监督,管理;指导;照看(under ones supervision 由某人指导)37.supreme adj.最高的,至高无上的;(程度)最大的38.
45、suspension n.暂停,中止39.sustainable adj.不破坏生态平衡的;可持续的(2023新课标卷阅读A)40.swear v.(swore, sworn)诅咒,咒骂;发誓保证(swear at sb.咒骂某人;swear to do sth.发誓做某事)41.sympathetically adv.表示同情地;有同情心地42.symphony n.交响乐,交响曲43.systematic adj.系统的,有条理的T1.temporary adj.暂时的,临时的;短期的2.tendency n.倾向,偏好;趋势,趋向3.terminal adj.(疾病)晚期的,不治的 n.
46、终点站;终端4.theoretical adj.理论上的;假设的5.thereafter adv.之后,此后6.threatening adj.威胁的;恐吓的;(天空)阴沉沉的;乌云密布的7.tiresome adj.烦人的,令人厌烦的8.tolerant adj.宽容的,容忍的(be tolerant of/towards sb./sth.对某人/某物持宽容态度)9.tournament n.锦标赛(tennis/chess/badminton tournament 网球/国际象棋/羽毛球锦标赛)10.transform vt.使改观;使变形;使转化(transform.from.into.把从转化为)11.transformation n.转变,改观12.transparent adj.透明的;易懂的13.tricky adj.难对付的,棘手的;狡猾的14.typically adv.通常,一般;典型地,具有代表性地