1、新疆乌鲁木齐市第97中学（金英外国语学校）2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解With the lure of high salaries and strong job prospects, a lot of students college thinking they will major in engineering. If you think engineering might be a good choice for you, a summer engineering program is a great way to lear
2、n more about the field and expand your experiences. Below are some excellent summer engineering programs. Johns Hopkins Engineering InnovationThis introductory engineering course for rising juniors and seniors is offered by Johns Hopkins University at several locations across the country. Engineerin
3、g Innovation teacher critical thinking and applied problem - solving skills for future engineers through lectures, research and projects. If the student achieves an A or B in the program, they will also receive three transferable credits from Johns Hopkins University. The program runs for four or fi
4、ve days a week over four to five weeks, depending on the location. Most locations offer commuter programs only, but the Johns Hopkins Home-wood campus in Baltimore also offers residential option. Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES) The Massachusetts Institute of Technology offer
5、s this enrichment program for high school juniors interested in engineering, science and entrepreneurship. Students select five of 14 rigorous academic courses to study over the six weeks of the program, during which time they have several opportunities to network with a diverse group of individuals
6、 within the fields of science and engineering. Students also share and celebrate their own cultures. MITES is scholarship - based; those students selected for the program need only provide their own transportation to and from the MIT campus. Summer Engineering Exploration CampHosted by the Universit
7、y of Michigan, this program is a one - week residential camp for rising high school sophomeres, juniors and seniors interested in engineering. Participants have the opportunity to explore several different areas of engineering during engineering workplace tours, group projects, and presentations by
8、students, faculty and professional engineers. Campers also enjoy recreational events and experience a universtiy residential atmosphere in the University of Michigan dorms. Exploring Your Options at the University of IllinoisThis residential summer engineering camp for rising high school juniors and
9、 seniors is offered by the Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering program, headquartered at the University of Illinois. Campers have the chance to interact with engineering students and faculty, visit engineering facilities and research labs at the university, and work together on hands-on engin
10、eering projects. Students also participate in traditional camp recreational and social activities. The camp runs for two one-week sessions during June and July.1Which of the following programs lasts longest?AJohns Hopkins Engineering InnovationBMinority Introduction to Engineering and ScienceCSummer
11、 Engineering Exploration CampDExploring Your Options at the University of Illinois2If you choose the program of MIT, you will _.Apay a visit to fabulous research labsBhave the chance to win a scholarshipCenjoy recreational activities with facultyDexperience a university residential atmosphere3This p
12、assage may be intended for _.Aengineering majorsBprofessional engineersChigh school studentsDscientifically gifted childrenTerrible noises, drunk people, dangerous animals any number of things can go wrong during a live news report.News reporters are famous for their ability to keep going. And NBC N
13、ightly News host Brian Williams is a fine example of that. He was reporting on a bankruptcy (破产) case when a fire alarm suddenly started ringing. It was followed shortly afterwards by an announcement. “Youll have to forgive us,” Brian explained very calmly, “we have a fire alarm going on in here.”An
14、 ability to keep a straight face is another important skill. A reporter from Channel 9 news in Australia was reporting on a murder (谋杀) case when a huge white bird walked across the back of the screen. The bird then appeared right as the reporter said the word “burden” (which sounds similar to the w
15、ord “bird”). In an interview after the incident, the reporter explained how he saw the bird, but felt that he couldnt laugh because of the seriousness of the story. “It was a bit of a surprise at the time,” he added.But not all reporters have such abilities. During a report on strange pets, a lizard
16、 (蜥蜴) suddenly jumped onto the suit of a Channel 5 news reporter. “Get this thing off me,” the reporter shouted, as he crazily tried to brush it off. Finally, the reporter managed to regain his calmness.Australian TV reporter Steve Jacobs was involved in a similar incident. Soon after starting an of
17、f-camera weather report, the sound of laughter could be heard. Suddenly the camera showed the reporter standing against a rock in a zoo as an angry bird attacked his backside. Finally, a zookeeper managed to attract the bird away, but the weatherman still shouted, “Im going to be mentally scarred (精
18、神上伤痕累累)!”4How did the author look at Brian Williams?AHe had a great ability to keep going.BHe should learn to keep calm.CHe was going to break down.DHe had a great sense of risk.5What does the underlined part “keep a straight face” in paragraph 3 mean?AGet things fixed.BGive reports straight away.CF
19、ace the camera all the time.DHave a serious facial expression.6What happened to the Channel 5 news reporter after a lizard appeared?AHe took off his clothes.BHe caught it with his hand.CHe was frightened to death.DHe was badly injured by it.7How did the weather report incident affect Steve Jacobs?AI
20、t made him uncomfortable.BIt brought him a lot of fun.CIt made him reconsider his job.DIt excited his interest in wildlife.Diving below the waves can be like entering another world, but for Hong Kong-based National Geographic Explorer Jonathan, it is also like travelling back in time. Jonathan disco
21、vered the stories of how underwater ecosystems (生态) have changed through time, and what can be done to stop their decline (数量骤减). “I look at coral reefs (珊瑚礁),” says Jonathan. “What were they like in the past? How have they changed? And what has caused that change? How can we look at that ecosystem
22、today and use my data to better protect it for the future?”As Jonathan explains, Hong Kongs coral has declined in the past few decades due to factors such as pollution and human activities. Without greater protection measures, some coral species(物种) could disappear from Hong Kong waters forever. “Ho
23、ng Kong gives us amazing underwater biodiversity (生物多样性),” says Shea another National Geographic Explorer, “However, populations of many species have been killed in large numbers by decades of overfishing and other human activities.”Faced with such great challenges, Jonathan and Shea insist that swi
24、ft action is needed to protect Hong Kongs ocean ecosystem, and that better education is a key. “The first step is to understand what we have,” says Jonathan. “Because once you understand, youll start to care. And once you care, youll start to protect it.”Shea adds that, “Through becoming educated, e
25、ach person can begin to see why its important to protect our ocean environment, and rebuild that sense of connection between our oceans and our culture, history, and identity. We need to make effort every day into putting ocean protection in the first place. Its a long way to go.”8Whats the purpose
26、of Jonathans looking at the coral reefs?ATo experience the delights of travelling back in time.BTo discover the mysteries of underwater ecosystem.CTo find ways of protecting coral reefs for the future.DTo appreciate the amazing underwater biodiversity.9What is responsible for the coral declining in
27、Hong Kong?AHuman activities.BClimate change.CUnderwater ecosystem.DAmazing biodiversity.10How does the author explain the problem Hong Kong is facing?ABy listing data.BBy telling ecosystems stories.CBy making comparisons.DBy providing experts opinions.11What is the basic step to protect Hong Kongs o
28、cean ecosystem?ABetter education.BStopping Fishing.CGovernment support.DControlling pollution.Anyone whos tried to sleep on a hot summer night knows how hard it is to sleep when the temperature is rising. So its no surprise that global warming is likely to cost people more and more sleep as temperat
29、ures around the world rise.A new study written by Kelton Minor shows that by the end of this century, people could be subjected to at least two weeks of short sleep each year because of high temperatures driven by global warming.“The sleep loss per degree of warming was twice as large among the elde
30、rly compared to younger or middle-aged adults, three times larger for people living in lower income countries compared to high-income countries, and significantly larger for females than males,” Minor said. “Importantly, we found some evidence that the temperature-sensitivity of sleep in late adulth
31、ood may increase between the ages of 60 and 70, with the magnitude (程度) of seep loss per degree of warming increasing further for those older than 70,” Minor added，Minor sad these findings are based on data (数据) from a fist of its-kind “planet natural experiment” in which more than 47.600 people fro
32、m 68 counties wore seep tacking watches from September 2015 through October 2017. Minor and his partners then compared the 7.4 million sleep records theyd gathered against local weather and climate data, to see how heat influenced their sleep.Data show that on very warm nights30 or highersleep reduc
33、ed an average of just over 14 minutes, and the likelihood of getting fewer than seven hours of see pin ceased as temperatures rise.Generally, people slept later and wake up earlier during hot weather, researchers sad. They also found that people already living in warmer climates experience greater s
34、leep loss as temperatures rise, and that people dont suit temperature-caused sleep loss in the short term. So Minors team will study how to make people better used to temperature-caused sleep loss in the short term.12What is the purpose of paragraph 1?ATo lead in the topic of the text.BTo provide so
35、me advice.CTo make a comparison，DTo give an example.13Why does the author mention “planet natural experiment” in paragraph 5?ATo find the way on how to face the high temperature.BTo present the fact that the temperature is rising.CTo give the suggestion of changing temperature.DTo explain the source
36、 of the research data.14What will Minor and his team study next?AThe result of temperature-caused sleep loss.BThe process of temperature-caused sleep loss.CThe way to suit temperature caused sleep loss.DThe influence of temperature-caused sleep loss.15What is the main idea of the text?AGlobal warmin
37、g could be a real problem，BGlobal warming could affect human health.CGlobal warming could drive more terrible sleep.DGlobal warming could mean less sleep for people.二、七选五How Sociologists Define Culture Culture is one of the most important concepts within sociology because sociologists recognize that
38、 it plays a crucial role in our social lives. It is important for shaping social relationships, maintaining and challenging social order, determining how we make sense of the world and our place in it, and in shaping our everyday actions and experiences in society. 16 In brief, sociologists define t
39、he nonmaterial aspects of culture as the values and beliefs, language, communication and practices that are shared in common by a group of people. Expanding on these categories, culture is made up of our knowledge, common sense, assumptions and expectations. It is also the rules, norms, laws and mor
40、als that govern society; the words we use as well as how we speak and write them; and the symbols we use to express meaning, ideas and concepts. 17 It informs and is encapsulated in how we walk, sit, carry our bodies and interact with others; how we behave depending on the place, time and “audience”
41、; and how we express identities of race, class and gender, among others. Culture includes the collective practices we participate in as well, such as religious ceremonies, the celebration of secular holidays and attending sporting events. 18 This aspect of culture includes a wide variety of things,
42、from buildings, technological gadgets and clothing, to film, music, literature and art, among others. Aspects of material culture are more commonly referred to as cultural products.Sociologists see the two sides of culturethe material and nonmaterialas closely connected. Material culture emerges fro
43、m and is shaped by the non-material aspects of culture. 19 But it is not a oneway relationship between material and nonmaterial culture. Material culture can also influence the non-material aspects of culture. For example, a powerful documentary film might change peoples attitudes and beliefs. 20 Wh
44、at has come before in terms of music, film, television and art, for example, influences the values, beliefs and expectations of those who interact with them, which then, in turn, influence the creation of additional cultural products.AThis is why cultural products tend to follow patterns.BIt is comp
45、osed of both non-material and material things.CWithout culture, we would not have relationships or society.DCulture is also what we do and how we behave and perform.EMaterial culture is composed of the things that humans make and use.FCulture is distinct from social structure and economic aspects of
46、 society.GIn other words, what we value, believe and know influences the things that we make.三、完形填空Josiahs mother, Ava Faulk took him to a local restaurant. Ava Faulk was asked with questions when he saw a 21 man sitting in front of the restaurant. He wanted to 22 exactly what a homeless persons lif
47、e was like. If the homeless person had no 23 , where would he keep his things?After 24 his mothers answers, Josiah then insisted his mom buy the homeless a 25 . She agreed and the man was 26 into the restaurant. Josiah helped the man with his 27 , including a hamburger, some chicken and steak. Josia
48、h 28 his mother that he would spend less in the following days.When the homeless mans meal was 29 , Josiah decided that he should offer a 30 to God. That was when he cried out his wishes for the other customers in the 31 to hear. Later, Josiahs mother 32 in a video that Josiahs prayer brought 33 to the eyes of nearly every customer in the restaurant that day.Montgomerys TV-12 34 the story of Josiah on May 17, 2018 and it has been spread around the nati
