1、阅读理解当堂练习与讲解（适合高一高二）Last week,Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Grard Mourou.Its the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize,but why has it taken so long?We look at five other pioneering female physicists past and present
2、 who actually deserve the prize.Jocelyn Bell Burnell Perhaps the most famous snub(冷落):Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967,when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974,however,went to her male supervisor(指导者),Antony Hewish.Recentl
3、y awarded a 2.3m Breakthrough Prize,which she gave away to help women and refugee students,she joked to The Guardian：“I feel Ive done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize.”Lene Hau Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of ligh
4、t,before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists,and could 2019 be Haus year?Vera Rubin Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s,opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016,without recognition from the committee.ChienShiung Wu Wus“Wu experiment”he
5、lped disprove the“law of conservation of parity”.Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured,and instead,her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.Lise Meitner Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However,the disc
6、overy was admitted by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry,which was won by her male colleague,Otto Hahn.21When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel committee?AIn 1944.BIn 1967.CIn 1974.DIn 1980.22Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text?ADonna S
7、trickland.BJocelyn Bell Burnell.CLene Hau.DVera Rubin.23What do we know about the five females?AThe five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.BVera Rubin opened up a new field in chemistry.CLise Meitners teacher won a Noble prize for her work.DNone of them have been admitted by the Nobel commi
8、ttee.A Last week,Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Grard Mourou.Its the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize,but why has it taken so long?We look at five other pioneering female physicists past and present who actuall
9、y deserve the prize.Physics n.物理学；物理特性，物理现象physicist n.物理学家physical adj.身体的，肉体的；物质的，有形的；外形的，外在的；物理的，物理学的；female adj.女性的，妇女的；女性特有的；雌性的male adj.男性的；（动物）公的，雄性的；award v.授予，颁发；判给，裁定 n.奖，奖品；（收入的）增加文章关键词提取 21When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel committee?AIn 1944.BIn 1967.CIn 197
10、4.DIn 1980.22Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text?ADonna Strickland.BJocelyn Bell Burnell.CLene Hau.DVera Rubin.23What do we know about the five females?AThe five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.BVera Rubin opened up a new field in chemistry.CLise Me
11、itners teacher won a Noble prize for her work.DNone of them have been admitted by the Nobel committee.Hau often tops Nobel prize prediction lists,and could 2019 be Haus year?关键信息对号入座“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a
12、parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings.I mention the si
13、ngle parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on.At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright.Yes,Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling p
14、arent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for endofseason gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Hand
15、ing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to t
16、he community(社区)as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense,Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really
17、matter where my motivation lies?24What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?AShe knows little about the club.BShe isnt good at sports.CShe just doesnt want to volunteer.DShes unable to meet her schedule.25What does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in Paragraph 2 m
18、ean?AEncourage teamwork.BAppeal to feelings.CPromote good deeds.DProvide advice.26What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3?AShe gets interested in lacrosse.BShe is proud of her kids.CShell work for another season.DShe becomes a good helper.27Why does the author like doing volunteer work?A
19、It gives her a sense of duty.BIt makes her very happy.CIt enables her to work hard.DIt brings her material rewards.文章关键词提取1;volunteers n.志愿者（volunteer 的复数）3;volunteer n.志愿者，义务工作者4;volunteers;Volunteering v.自愿做；主动建议（或告诉）；主动 提供（帮助）5;volunteering24What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Pa
20、ragraph 1?AShe knows little about the club.BShe isnt good at sports.CShe just doesnt want to volunteer.DShes unable to meet her schedule.25What does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in Paragraph 2 mean?AEncourage teamwork.BAppeal to feelings.CPromote good deeds.DProvide advice.26What ca
21、n we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3?AShe gets interested in lacrosse.BShe is proud of her kids.CShell work for another season.DShe becomes a good helper.27Why does the author like doing volunteer work?AIt gives her a sense of duty.BIt makes her very happy.CIt enables her to work hard.DIt br
22、ings her material rewards.“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.关键信息对号入座 In that sense,Im pretty sure volunteering
23、is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies?reward n.回报；报应 DIt brings her material rewards.material n.衣料，布料；材料，原料；素材；节目，剧目；（有指明特征的）人才；（某一活动所需的）材料 adj.物质的，非精神上的；重要的，需予以考虑的；和推理内容
24、有关的干扰项重点分析Josh Morrison,17,dreamed of raising$100,000 to build a home for a lowincome family.After years of hard work,his dream has come true.The house is now in the early stages of building.Six years ago,Josh and his dad went into the Habitat for Humanity ReStore,a home improvement store and donati
25、on center run by the nonprofit organization.They were there to buy a sink.Josh,then 11,also noticed a collection of pennies.“I instantly felt the urge to help out with that，”he said.Josh set a fundraising deadline of four years.Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of$100,000,but it di
26、dnt shake his faith.He devoted his time to raising money at his school and other nearby schools.He collected money from neighbours,got publicity from local newspapers,and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.Joshs fundraising efforts began to produce results.Still,there wer
27、e challenges.Four months before his deadline,he was$30,000 short.He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge,which is in the province of Ontario.The event raised$19,000.“I didnt care how long it took me，”said Josh.“I would raise$100,000.”With three weeks left,a compan
28、y called Joshs house offered to donate$18,000.Eventually,Josh reached a total of$134,000 before the deadline.“The_momentum_just_kept_going,_and we decided to do more，”he said.“Joshs Penny House”is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa,along with 24 new town houses.Josh has helped
29、 with some of the construction,as have other volunteers.He will choose the family that moves into the unit.Next year,the 17yearold kid will head to college in British Columbia,Canadas westernmost province.As an 11yearold kid when starting fundraising,Josh was able to send a powerful message across t
30、he world.No matter how old you are,if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it,it can come true.28Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2?ACautious.BStraightforward.COpenminded.DDetermined.29Why did Josh hold the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event?ATo a
31、ttain his goal.BTo call for more attention.CTo win approval from the locals.DTo find sponsors for a family.30What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?AHe received continuous donations.BHis project became more popular.CHe got more support from his family.DThe result was beyond expectations.3
32、1What can be the best title for the text?AKindness from a CompanyBThe Penny House DreamCA Fundraising CampaignDA Boy with a Warm Heart Josh Morrison,17,dreamed of raising$100,000 to build a home for a lowincome family.After years of hard work,his dream has come true.The house is now in the early sta
33、ges of building.(事件)Six years ago,Josh and his dad.（起因）Joshs fundraising efforts began to produce results.（经过）“I didnt care how long it took me，”said Josh.“I would raise$100,000.”.（经过，）Next year,the 17yearold kid will head to college in British Columbia,Canadas westernmost province.As an 11yearold k
34、id when starting fundraising,Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world.（总结；精神力量）文章结构分析（典型写作手法）28Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2?ACautious.BStraightforward.COpenminded.DDetermined.29Why did Josh hold the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event?ATo attain h
35、is goal.BTo call for more attention.CTo win approval from the locals.DTo find sponsors for a family.30What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?AHe received continuous donations.BHis project became more popular.CHe got more support from his family.DThe result was beyond expectations.31What c
36、an be the best title for the text?AKindness from a CompanyBThe Penny House DreamCA Fundraising CampaignDA Boy with a Warm HeartMany people doubted whether he could reach his goal of$100,000,but it didnt shake his faith.He devoted his time to raising便士屋之梦“The_momentum_just_kept_going,_and we decided
37、to do more，”关键信息对号入座A tenyearold boy from Howell,Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持)that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor.The event happened late in an evening when Danny DiPietro was being driven home from hockey practice by his mom.Thats when the young bo
38、y noticed an open garage and a figure that he believed was a dog outside an apartment building near his house.Given the freezing weather,the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.But instead of giving it up like most kids at his age,he insisted that his mother,Dawn,find out what was g
39、oing on.Dawn tried to make Danny believe that no one would leave a dog out in such cold weather,but he refused to take no for an answer.Dawn finally gave in and decided to drive to the area with the family dog and see if there was any truth in Dannys hunch(直觉).Sure enough,as she got closer to the ap
40、artment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help.Upon getting there,she realized that it was not a dog the young boy had seen,but Kathleen St.Onge.The 80yearold woman had fallen down on some ice in front of her garage and had been lying there for two hours,u
41、nable to get up.Dawn rushed home to get her husband to help and called 911.The two then returned with some blankets to cover Ms.St.Onge,and after that they waited for the ambulance to arrive.Though still in hospital,the elderly woman is recovering well and forever grateful to Danny for following his
42、 hunch!32When seeing a figure in front of an open garage,Danny _.Arecognized it was an old womanBthought it was a homeless dogCrealized something was wrongDbelieved it was nothing important33When Dawn got closer to the garage,she _.Anoticed the dog had gone awayBknew Dannys hunch was wrongCfound an
43、old lady waving for helpDfelt something must have been stolen34Which of the following can best describe Danny?ABrave and patient.BFriendly and honest.CConsiderate and positive.DPersistent and smart.35What could be the best title for the passage?AAlways Follow Your HunchBBe Ready to Help Save the Eld
44、erlyCAn Unknown Hero Brings Love and HopeDA 10yearold Boy Saved His Elderly Neighbors Life坚持的动词和短语：persist in;persevere in;uphold;insist on;stick to;adhere to:32When seeing a figure in front of an open garage,Danny _.Arecognized it was an old woman Bthought it was a homeless dogCrealized something w
45、as wrongDbelieved it was nothing important33When Dawn got closer to the garage,she _.Anoticed the dog had gone awayBknew Dannys hunch was wrongCfound an old lady waving for help Dfelt something must have been stolenThats when the young boy noticed an open garage and a figure that he believed was a d
46、og outside an apartment building near his house.Given the freezing weather,the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.就在这时，小男孩注意到他家附近一栋公寓楼外有一个敞开的车库和一个人影，他认为那是一只狗。考虑到寒冷的天气，小男孩有一种不太对劲的感觉。Sure enough,as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and s
47、omeone waving madly for help.The 80yearold woman had fallen down.关键信息对号入座 34Which of the following can best describe Danny?ABrave and patient.BFriendly and honest.CConsiderate and positive.DPersistent and smart.35What could be the best title for the passage?AAlways Follow Your Hunch BBe Ready to Hel
48、p Save the Elderly CAn Unknown Hero Brings Love and Hope DA 10yearold Boy Saved His Elderly Neighbors Life勇敢和耐心；友好诚实体贴和积极执着而聪明 Thats when the young boy noticed an open garage and a figure that he believed was a dog outside an apartment building near his house.Given the freezing weather,the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.But instead of giving it up like most kids at his age,he insisted that his mother,Dawn,find out what was going on.Dawn tried to make Danny believe that no one would leave a dog out in such cold weather,but he refused to take no for an answer.关键信息对号入座
