1、 中考英语 （山东专用） 专题七 动词和动词短语 1.(2020东营,25)My pet dog is lost, Mary. Im sorry to hear that. Why not put an ad(广告) in the newspaper? Dont be silly. He cant . A.hear B.read C.speak D.write A组 20162020年山东中考题组 答案答案 B 句意:我的宠物狗丢了,玛丽。听到这个我很难过。为什么不在报纸上登个广告? 别傻了。它不识字。本题考查动词辨析。看报纸是需要识字的,根据“Dont be silly.”,可知他不同意登
2、广告,原因是他觉得狗不识字。故选B。 题组一 动词 2.(2020东营,30)5G, as a new global network(全球网络) after 3G and 4G, will certainly our life in many ways. A.copy B.break C.change D.control 答案答案 C 句意:5G作为继3G和4G之后的一个新的全球网络,必将在很多方面改变我们的生活。本题考查 动词辨析。copy复制;break打破;change改变;control控制。根据句意可知应选C。 3.(2020日照,17)Its good for us to a go
3、od habit of reading. A.develop B.choose C.accept D.pick 答案答案 A 句意:养成良好的阅读习惯对我们有好处。本题考查动词辨析。develop发展;choose选择;ac- cept接受;pick挑选。develop a habit意为“养成一种习惯”,故选A。 4.(2020东营,33)We should to buy products that come from wild animals. A large number of them are in danger. A.stop B.decide C.refuse D.continue
4、 答案答案 C 句意:我们应该拒绝购买野生动物制品。它们中的许多正处于危险之中。本题考查动词辨析。 stop停止;decide决定;refuse拒绝;continue继续。根据后面提到的in danger可知,我们不应该购买野生动物制 品。故选C。 5.(2019滨州,31)Tom, the umbrella with you.Look at the dark sky. Its going to rain. Thank you,Dad. A.take B.wear C.use D.make 答案答案 A 句意:汤姆,带上伞。看看这黑暗的天空,要下雨了。谢谢你,爸爸。本题考查动词词义 辨析。根据
5、“Look at the dark sky. Its going to rain.”可知应该带上雨伞。take携带;wear穿;use使用;make 制作。根据句意可知,选A。 6.(2018青岛,9)I cant find my mobile phone. Dont worry. Maybe you it at home. A.forgot B.missed C.lost D.left 答案答案 D 句意:我找不到我的手机了。不要担心。或许你把它落在家里了。本题考查动词词义 辨析。forget忘记;miss 想念;lose丢失;leave忘了带。根据题意可知选D。 7.(2017泰安,26)
6、If you always yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure. I agree. We should believe in ourselves. A.compare B.complain C.connect D.consider 答案答案 A 句意:如果你总是将你自己与其他人比较,你可能会压力很大。我同意。我们应该相 信自己。本题考查动词词义辨析。compare比较;complain抱怨;connect连接;consider考虑。compare A with B 为固定搭配,意为“将A与B比较”,故选A。 知识拓展知识拓展
7、ton意为“吨”,tons of 意为“大量的,很多的”。 8.(2017青岛,11)These oranges look nice, but very sour. A.feel B.taste C.sound D.look 答案答案 B 句意:这些橙子看起来很好,但是尝起来很酸。本题考查动词词义辨析。feel摸起来;taste尝起 来;sound听起来;look看起来。根据题意可知选B。 9.(2016临沂,22)Before stamps, people didnt for the letters they sent, but for the letters they received.
8、A.pay B.cost C.spend D.take 答案答案 A 句意:出现邮票之前,人们不为他们寄的信付钱,而是为他们收到的信付钱。本题考查动词词义 辨析。pay 付款,主语为人,常用结构为pay for sth.,意为“为某物付钱”;cost 花费(金钱),主语为物;spend 花 费(金钱或时间),主语为人;take花费(时间),主语常为it。根据设空处前的主语people和设空处后的for可知 应选A。 知识拓展知识拓展 spend.(in)doing sth.花费做某事;It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.某人花费时间去做某事。 10.(2020东营,74)In
9、online classes, I have to t completely before asking questions. 答案答案 think 根据 “before asking questions”推断,上网课时需要先想清楚再提问。故填think。 11.(2020东营,75)Do you ever m technical(技术上的) problems in your online classes? 答案答案 meet 根据后面说到的技术问题可知,是在问有没有遇到过技术问题。故填meet。 12.(2020东营,78)In an online class, I dont have to
10、 w about missing classes for any reason. 答案答案 worry 固定搭配worry about意为“担心”。have to后面接动词原形,故填worry。 13.(2020日照,66)Whoever breaks the laws will be (惩罚). 答案答案 punished 本题考查动词。惩罚为punish,根据句意判断本句用被动语态,动词应该用过去分词形 式,故填punished。 14.(2020日照,68)There is a train in now. If you run, youll just (赶上) it. 答案答案 catc
11、h 句意:现在有一列火车进站。如果你跑,你会赶上它的。本题考查动词。表示赶上公交车、 火车等交通工具,用catch,助动词will后面接动词原形。 15.(2020日照,69)Our head teacher always (鼓励) us to solve problems by ourselves. 答案答案 encourages 句意:我们的校长总是鼓励我们自己解决问题。本题考查动词。鼓励是encourage,主 语Our head teacher为第三人称单数,故填encourages。 16.(2019济宁,四,5)It is very relaxing for me to (躺)on
12、 a sofa after long-time study. 答案答案 lie 句意:学习了很长时间以后,躺在沙发上对我来说是很放松的。本题考查动词。“its+形容词 +for sb. to do sth.”结构表示“做某事对某人来说是怎样的”,to为不定式符号,后面接动词原形,故填lie。 17.(2018济宁,42)The stamp I bought yesterday (花费)me 20 yuan. 答案答案 cost 句意:我昨天买的那张邮票花了我20元。“某物花了某人多少钱”是“sth. cost(s) sb.+钱 数”,从“The stamp I bought yesterday
13、”看得出邮票是昨天买的,句子谓语需要使用一般过去时,是“过去 花”的,故填cost。 18.(2018烟台,57)Eating too much salt (增加)the risk of high blood pressure. 答案答案 increases 句意:吃太多的盐增加高血压的风险。动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数。 19.(2017枣庄,64)I just hid behind my father and never (说)anything. 答案答案 said 句意:我只是躲在我父亲身后并且什么也没说。and连接两个并列动词短语,“说”与前面的 “hid”时态应保持一致,因此填s
14、aid。 20.(2016泰安,61)Young children are taught road safety to a road accidents. 答案答案 avoid 句意:为了避免道路事故,小孩子们被教授道路安全常识。根据句意可知应填avoid。 题组二 动词短语 1.(2020青岛,4)Please remember to the electricity and water before you leave the laboratory. A.take off B.shut off C.go off D.put off 答案答案 B 句意:在你离开实验室前,请记得关掉电源和水。本
15、题考查动词短语。take off(飞机)起飞;shut off关闭,关上;go off爆炸;put off推迟。根据常识可知,离开实验室前,应该关闭电源和水。故选B。 2.(2020东营,34)By the end of 2025, garbage-sorting systems(垃圾分类系统) will be in Dongying. A.set up B.given up C.shut off D.brought out 答案答案 A 句意:到2025年底,东营市将建立垃圾分类系统。本题考查动词短语。set up建立;give up放弃; shut off关闭;bring out出版。垃圾
16、分类系统应是被建立,故选A。 3.(2020滨州,30)Tom, it smells so terrible here. Sorry,Mum. I will my socks and wash them right away. A.put off B.take off C.turn off D.cut off 答案答案 B 句意:汤姆,这里很难闻。对不起,妈妈。我马上脱下袜子洗。本题考查动词短语。put off推迟;take off脱下;turn off关掉;cut off切掉。根据后面的socks和wash them推测是脱下袜子去洗。故 选B。 4.(2020临沂,24)We have t
17、o the school trip because of the bad weather. A.put off B.get off C.turn off 答案答案 A 句意:因为天气不好,我们不得不推迟学校郊游。本题考查动词短语。put off推迟;get off下车; turn off关闭。由后面的“because of the bad weather”推测是“推迟郊游”。故选A。 5.(2020菏泽,26)If buildings fall down with people inside, the snake robots can help people under the buildin
18、gs. A.take up B.look for C.cut up 答案答案 B 句意:如果建筑物倒塌,里面有人,蛇形机器人可以帮助寻找建筑物下的人。本题考查动词短 语。take up开始从事;look for寻找;cut up切碎。根据宾语“people under the buildings”可知是寻找建筑物 下的人。故选B。 6.(2020日照,24)The 32nd Olympic Games have been to 2021 because of the outbreak of COVID-19. A.put away B.put out C.put off D.put up 答案
19、答案 C 句意:由于新冠肺炎的暴发,第32届奥运会被推迟到2021年。本题考查动词短语。put away放 好;put out扑灭;put off推迟;put up张贴。第32届奥运会应该在2020年举办,由于疫情被推迟到2021年,故选 C。 7.(2019青岛,6)The English Speech Competition the best in her. As a result, she is more active now. A.checked out B.tried out C.left out D.brought out 答案答案 D 句意: 英语演讲比赛促使她表现出她最好的一面
20、。结果,她现在更活跃了。本题考查动词短 语。check out结账离开;try out试验;leave out不包括;bring out使表现出。根据句意可知应选D。 8.(2019临沂,26)Cathy sold some of her things in a yard sale and the money to a childrens home. A.gave away B.gave up C.gave out 答案答案 A 句意:凯西在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了一些她的东西,并且把这笔钱捐给了儿童之家。本题考 查动词短语。give away捐赠;give up放弃;give out分发。根据
21、句意可知选A。 9.(2018滨州,28)People now in many big cities have to early to avoid the heavy traffic in the morning. A.set out B.put out C.take out D.give out 答案答案 A 句意:现在许多(住在)大城市的人们不得不早点出发,以避开早上拥挤的交通。本题考查动词短 语辨析。set out 出发;put out 熄灭;take out 取出,去掉;give out 分发。根据句意可知选A。 10.(2017潍坊,24)Why do you Liu Hulan?
22、Because she is a great heroine. A.look like B.look down C.look over D.look up to 答案答案 D 句意:你为什么敬仰刘胡兰?因为她是一个伟大的女英雄。 本题考查动词短语。look like看起来像;look down俯视,小看;look over检查;look up to敬仰。根据句意可知选D。 11.(2016泰安,29)Dont too late;you will feel tired in class. I wont, Mum. A.call up B.wake up C.stay up D.get up 答案
23、答案 C 句意:不要熬夜太晚。在课堂上你会觉得累。我不会的,妈妈。 本题考查动词短语辨 析。call up(给某人)打电话;wake up唤醒;stay up熬夜;get up起床。根据后一个分句“在课堂上你会觉得 累”可知,妈妈不让熬夜,故选C。 12.(2016威海,7)Miss Li, could you please help me this math problem? OK. Let me try. A.look up B.work out C.set up 答案答案 B 句意:李老师,您能帮我解出这道数学题吗?好的,让我试一试。本题考查动词短语辨 析。look up查阅,向上看;w
24、ork out算出;set up建立。根据句意可知选B。 13.(2020枣庄,61)我们开始着手这个项目时就知道它会很难。 When we on this project, we know it would be difficult. 答案答案 set out 本题考查动词短语。set out意为“着手,开始,出发”。 14.(2019枣庄,52)我们在新的旅行启程之际,不应忘了我们来自何处。 As we on our new journey, we shouldnt forget where we came from. 答案答案 set off/out 本题考查动词短语。set off/o
25、ut动身,出发,启程。 15.(2019烟台,74)成功的关键在于从错误中学习,并且永不放弃。 The key to success is to learn from your mistakes and never . 答案答案 give up 本题考查动词短语。give up放弃,在句中作表语,用不定式,此处省略to。 16.(2019济南,99)我们必须节约用水,以防水资源耗尽。 We must save water before it . 答案答案 run out 本题考查动词短语。run out用光、用尽。 17.(2018枣庄,69)你能回想起他十多年前长什么样吗? Can you
26、remember what he ten years ago? 答案答案 looked like 根据ten years ago可知用一般过去时。 题组一 动词 B组 20162020年全国中考题组 1.(2020江西,33)The performer because there was too much noise coming from the crowd. A.continued B.relaxed C.stopped D.won 答案答案 C 句意:这位表演者停了下来,因为人群中传来太多噪音。本题考查动词词义辨析。continue继续; relax放松;stop停止;win赢。因为人群
27、中噪音太多,所以表演者不得不停止表演,故选C。 2.(2020山西,23)In summer vacation, I want to help parents clothes in the square to make some money. Good idea. Its also a good chance to know about the society. A.lend B.give C.sell 答案答案 C 句意:在暑假期间我想帮父母在广场卖衣服挣钱。好主意。这也是一个了解社会的好 机会。本题考查动词的词义辨析。A.借出;B.给予;C.卖出。根据关键词make some money
28、可知,此处应该 是“卖衣服”。 3.(2019天津,24)We should making a noise in the library. A.avoid B.prefer C.practise D.enjoy 答案答案 A 句意:我们应该避免在图书馆制造噪音。本题考查动词词义辨析。avoid 避免;prefer 更喜欢; practise 练习;enjoy 喜欢,享受。由句意可知本题选择A。 4.(2018内蒙古包头,30)I know what you are thinking about. I can your mind from the look on your face. A.sta
29、y B.spare C.read D.attend 答案答案 C 句意:我知道你正在考虑什么。我能从你脸上的表情猜测出你的心思。本题考查动词词义辨 析。read猜测,符合句意,故选C项。stay停留;spare 抽出;attend参加。 知识拓展知识拓展 read的词义很多,除了“阅读;朗读”等意思外,还有“猜测;理解”等意思。如:How do you read the present situation? 你对目前的形势有何看法? 5.(2017江西,33)Would you like to see a movie with me on Saturday night? Sorry, I di
30、dnt it. Could you please say it again? A.receive B.catch C.find D.finish 答案答案 B 句意:星期六晚上,你愿意和我一起看场电影吗?对不起,我没听清。可以请你再说一遍 吗?本题考查动词词义辨析。receive收到;catch听清楚;find找到;finish完成。 6.(2016山西,18)In our life, we need to those people who help us, such as our parents, teachers and friends. A.thank B.remind C.teach
31、答案答案 A 句意:在我们的生活中,我们需要感谢那些帮助我们的人,比如我们的父母、老师和朋友。本题 考查动词辨析。thank 感谢;remind 提醒,使想起;teach教导。根据句意可知答案为A项。 7.(2020吉林,23)Climbers is an exciting movie. Im going to it. 答案答案 see/watch/enjoy 本题考查动词。根据语境可以得知代词it在此处指代的是电影,所以用动词see/ watch/enjoy。 8.(2020安徽,77)Never c (横穿)the street when the red light is on. 答案答案
32、 cross 句意:当红灯亮时,不要横穿马路。这是祈使句,故用动词原形cross。 9.(2020新疆,75)Our school is going to (修建) a new library next month. 答案答案 build be going to 后应该用动词原形,故本空填build。 10.(2019安徽,95)The engineers are going to t (测试)the self-driving car in our city. 答案答案 test be going to后加动词原形,故用test。 11.(2018江苏盐城,65)The 2022 Beijin
33、g Olympic Games (鼓励)the public to pay attention to winter sports. 答案答案 encourages 句意:2022年北京奥运会鼓励公众关注冬季运动。设空处的主语是“2022年北京奥运 会”,这是一项赛事,为第三人称单数,因此设空处使用动词第三人称单数形式。 12.(2018浙江杭州,70)You will r a warm welcome when you come to our village. 答案答案 receive 本题考查动词。设空处前是助动词will,因此设空处填原形。 13.(2017吉林长春,7)I (agree)
34、 that Moms do all the housework. Everyone should share. 答案答案 disagree 句意:我不同意妈妈们做所有家务。每个人都应该分担。本题考查动词。根据句意可知, 此处表示否定意义,应填disagree。 题组二 动词短语 1.(2020河北,38)Some volunteers are going to the central park. Lets join them. A.put up B.clean up C.look up D.give up 答案答案 B 句意:一些志愿者打算打扫中心公园。让我们加入他们吧。本题考查动词短语。pu
35、t up张贴; clean up打扫干净; look up查阅; give up放弃。 知识拓展知识拓展 含有up的常见动词短语还有:take up开始从事,占据; eat up吃光;make up 编造;set up 建立;turn up 调高。 2.(2020天津,25)Lang Ping is a symbol of courage and success, and we her. A.come from B.stand for C.take pride in D.get ready for 答案答案 C 句意:郎平是勇气和成功的象征,我们为她感到骄傲。本题考查动词短语。come fro
36、m来自;stand for代表;take pride in为感到骄傲;get ready for为做好准备。 知识拓展知识拓展 take pride in=be proud of。 3.(2020吉林,31)We mustnt the bus until it stops. A.get off B.put off C.turn off 答案答案 A 本题考查动词短语。get off意为“下(车)”;put off意为“推迟”;turn off意为“关闭”。根据 “直到公交车停下来,我们才能下车”可知选A。 4.(2019江苏南京,12)Tina comes to China in order
37、to experience Chinese culture and which university is the best for her to attend. A.put out B.stay out C.find out D.run out 答案答案 C 句意:蒂娜来到中国是为了体验中国文化,并弄清楚她最适合上哪所大学。本题考查动词短 语。put out扑灭;stay out待在外面;find out弄清楚,找出;run out耗尽。and连接了蒂娜来中国的两个目的,一 是体验中国文化,二是弄清楚最适合自己的学校,故选C项。 知识拓展知识拓展 与out相关的其他常用短语:watch ou
38、t小心;look out当心,小心;try out for参加选拔;work out算出; sell out卖光;point out指出;come out 出现,出版;hand out 分发。 5.(2019河北,31)On the first day of Chinese New Year, we new clothes and visit people. A.pick up B.put on C.take off D.throw away 答案答案 B 句意:在春节的第一天,我们会穿上新衣服、走亲访友。本题考查动词短语辨析。pick up拾起; put on穿上;take off脱下;th
39、row away扔掉。根据春节习俗可知,此处应该是“穿上新衣服”,故本题选 择B。 6.(2018安徽,37)Some animals can the color around to protect themselves. A.take on B.give up C.put away D.see off 答案答案 A 句意:一些动物可以呈现出和周围环境一样的颜色来保护自己。本题考查动词短语。根据句意 可知,动物保护自己的手段之一是用保护色,即用身边环境的颜色来伪装。take on呈现出;give up放弃;put away把收好;see.off为送行。 知识拓展知识拓展 take on a n
40、ew look 呈现新面貌。 7.(2016河南,34)Almost every university now has a website which allows us to the information about it. A.look at B.look after C.look around D.look through 答案答案 D 句意:现在几乎每一所大学都有一个网站,这允许我们浏览关于这个大学的信息。本题考查动 词短语的辨析。look at看;look after照顾;look around环顾四周;look through浏览。根据句意可知D项正 确。 8.(2020辽宁营口
41、,66)她计划创办一家互联网公司。 She plans to an Internet company. 答案答案 set up set up创办。在不定式符号to后要用动词原形,故填set up。 9.(2020湖北黄冈,80)我弟弟每天很早起床去上学。(get) My brother very early to school every day. 答案答案 gets up get up起床。根据时间状语every day可知,应该用一般现在时。主语是My brother,所以get 用第三人称单数形式。故答案为gets up。 10.(2020湖南常德,49)Lets visit the k
42、ids in hospital and cheer them . 答案答案 up 句意:让我们去拜访住院的孩子们,并让他们振奋起来。本题考查动词短语。cheer sb. up 意为 “让某人振奋起来”。故答案为up。 11.(2018天津,66)下一站我得下车了。 I have to the bus at the next stop. 答案答案 get off 考查固定短语。get off下车;get on上车。 12.(2018甘肃兰州,103)人类砍伐树木,因此动物处于极大的危险之中。 People many trees, so animals are in great danger. 答
43、案答案 cut down cut down砍倒。 13.(2017湖北黄冈,77)Jack篮球打得太好了以致许多年轻人仰慕他。 Jack plays basketball so well that many young people him. 答案答案 look up to 根据句中的谓语动词“plays”可知本空为一般现在时态。 14.(2016天津,71)明天请把你的作业交上来。 Please your homework tomorrow. 答案答案 hand in 考查固定短语hand in。 题组一 动词 C组 教师专用题组 1.(2020安徽,25)Hi, Jill. Id like
44、 to share with you the latest news about the height of Qomolangma. Really?Make sure the news is true before you it. A.receive B.spread C.cancel D.hear 答案答案 B 句意:你好,吉尔。我想和你分享关于珠穆朗玛峰高度的最新消息。真的吗?在你传播 这条消息之前,你要确保它是真的。本题考查动词词义辨析。receive收到;spread传播;cancel取消;hear听 见。和别人分享一则消息就相当于在传播它,故选B。 2.(2020浙江温州,3)Jim
45、 is going to join the Art Club because he likes . A.cooking B.drawing C.running D.reading 答案答案 B 句意:吉姆打算去参加美术俱乐部,因为他喜欢绘画。本题考查动名词。cook烹调;draw绘画; run跑步;read阅读。关键词the Art Club与绘画有关。故选B。 3.(2020湖北武汉,34)What makes you were going to sell the house? I hear that youve got a job abroad. A.doubt B.wonder C.pr
46、omise D.suppose 答案答案 D 句意:什么使你认为我们要卖掉房子?我听说你已经在国外得到了一份工作。本题考 查动词词义辨析。suppose意为“认为,推断”,结合句意可知本题选择D。doubt怀疑;wonder想知道; promise承诺,许诺。 4.(2020江苏南京,2)Chinas efforts to stop the spread of COVID-19 will the worlds ability to limit the harm in the near future. A.imagine B.invent C.insist D.improve 答案答案 D 句意
47、:中国遏制新冠肺炎传播的努力,将在不久的将来提高世界限制其危害的能力。本题考查 动词词义辨析。imagine想象;invent发明;insist坚持;improve改善,提高。故选D项。 5.(2020辽宁营口,9)Last Thursday when I got to the railway station, I I left my ID card at home. A.realised B.believed C.thought D.considered 答案答案 A 句意:上周四当我到达火车站时,我意识到我把身份证落在家里了。本题考查动词词义辨析。 realise意识到;believe相信;think认为;consider考虑。根据常识可知,到火车站要出示身份证,找不到时意识 到身份证落在家里了。故选A。 6.(2019山西,23)Parents should let children home and find more about the world. After all, birds should fly freely in the sky. A.leave B.enter C.reach 答案答案 A 句意:父母应该让孩
