1、 中考英语 （河南专用） 第一部分 基础知识运用 专题七 动词和动词短语 考点集训 考点一 动词 1.(2020天津,29)I was busy this morning and didnt have time to my email. A.waste B.punish C.believe D.check 答案答案 D 句意:今天早上我很忙,没有时间来检查我的电子邮件。本题考查动词辨析。waste浪费;punish 惩罚;believe相信;check检查。根据my email可知,应该用check来表示检查电子邮件。故答案为D项。 2.(2020山西,23)In summer vacatio
2、n, I want to help parents clothes in the square to make some money. Good idea. Its also a good chance to know about the society. A.lend B.give C.sell 答案答案 C 句意:在暑假期间我想帮父母在广场卖衣服挣钱。好主意。这也是一个了解社会的好 机会。本题考查动词的词义辨析。A.借出;B.给予;C.卖出。根据关键词make some money 可知,此处应该 是“卖衣服”。 3.(2019河南,25)You cant change who you a
3、re by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video. What is what you do, not what you know. A.includes B.decides C.means D.matters 答案答案 D 句意:你不能通过阅读一本书来改变你的身份,也不能通过看一段视频来改变你的行为方式。 重要的是你做什么,而不是你懂得什么。matter作不及物动词,意为“重要”,符合语境,故答案为D项。 A.包括;B.决定;C.意味着。 解题关键解题关键 第二句话中的What matters是主语从句,wha
4、t you do是表语从句,这两个从句增大了句子难度。 4.(2018河南,26)Hey, Jeremy. Tony and I want to the new Italian restaurant tonight. Come with us! Why not? A.try B.taste C.choose D.search 答案答案 A 句意:嘿,Jeremy。今晚我和Tony想尝试一下新开业的意大利饭馆。和我们一起来吧! 为什么不呢? 本题考查动词词义辨析。A.尝试;B.尝,品(味道);C.选择;D.搜寻。根据关键词the new Italian restaurant可知应该是“尝试”,所
5、以选A项。 易错警示易错警示 本题对于审题不仔细的学生来说,有可能误选B项。选择B项的同学只停留在对taste的表层意 义的理解,并没有深入理解到品尝的是“新菜”,而不是饭店。 5.(2017河南,32)The plane on the ground for two more hours because of the bad weather. A.ran B.moved C.shook D.remained 答案答案 D 句意:因为糟糕的天气,飞机又在地面上停留了两个小时。本题考查动词词义辨析。run跑; move移动;shake摇动;remain停留。根据句意可知选D项。 6.(2016河南
6、,24)My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldnt to see them after several months away from home. A.wait B.help C.expect D.afford 答案答案 A 句意:我父母说他们要来看我。离开家好几个月后我迫不及待地想见到他们。本题考查动词词 义辨析。Cant wait to do sth.迫不及待地想做某事,是固定短语。 知识拓展知识拓展 cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 7.(2015河南,27)Soccer is a wonderful
7、 game for children. It great exercise, such as running and kicking. A.provides B.remains C.practises D.receives 答案答案 A 句意:足球对孩子们来说是一项极好的运动。它可以提供很好的锻炼,比如跑和踢。本题考查 动词词义辨析。provide提供;remain保持;practise练习;receive收到。根据语境可知选择A项。 考点二 动词短语 1.(2020云南昆明,30)Its reported that the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games have been
8、 until July 23,2021. A.put up B.put down C.put on D.put off 答案答案 D 句意:据报道,2020东京奥运会已经被推迟到2021年7月23日。本题考查动词短语辨析。A.举起, 搭建;B.放下;C.穿上;D.推迟。根据语境和关键词2020和July 23,2021可知,此处应该选择“推迟”。 2.(2020贵州贵阳,41)Drugs are harmful to peoples physical and mental health. We teenagers must them. A.take care of B.keep away fr
9、om C.get used to 答案答案 B 句意:毒品对人们的身体和精神健康有害。我们青少年必须要远离它们。本题考查动词短语。 take care of照顾;keep away from远离;get used to习惯于。根据第一句可知,毒品有害于人们的身体和精神 健康,所以青少年应该远离毒品。故选B。 3.(2019河南,30)I asked my father to me at the school gate at 6:30 so that we could visit Grandma together. A.pick;up B.turn;down C.let;down D.cheer
10、;up 答案答案 A 句意:我让我的父亲六点半在学校门口接我,以便我们可以一起去拜访祖母。本题考查动词短 语辨析。pick up(开车)接人; turn down拒绝;let sb. down令某人失望;cheer sb. up使某人振奋。根据语境可 知应该选A。 4.(2018河南,32)Jack is telling everyone he has bought a new car. Pay no attention to him. He is just . A.taking off B.showing off C.driving off D.setting off 答案答案 B 句意:J
11、ack正在告诉所有人他买了一辆新车。不用在意他,他只是在炫耀而已。本题考 查动词短语辨析。A.起飞;B.炫耀;C.赶走,驾车离去;D.出发。根据句意可知应该选择B项。 知识拓展知识拓展 学生应在复习阶段积累含有off的短语。如:be off离开;take off起飞,脱下;put off推迟;turn off关 掉;get off下车;have/take/ask for a day off请假/离开一天;fall off从掉下;give off发出(光、热、气味等); keep off使不碰到,使避开。 5.(2017河南,30)Dont know where your kids are in
12、 the house? Turn off the Internet and theyll quickly. A.get up B.stand up C.show up D.hurry up 答案答案 C 句意:不知道你的孩子们在房子里的哪个地方?关闭网络,他们很快就会出现了。本题考查动词 短语辨析。get up起床;stand up站立;show up出现; hurry up赶快。根据语境可知选C项。 6.(2016河南,34)Almost every university now has a website which allows us to the information about i
13、t. A.look at B.look after C.look around D.look through 答案答案 D 句意:现在几乎每一所大学都有一个网站,该网站允许我们浏览关于这个大学的信息。本题考 查动词短语辨析。look at 看;look after照顾;look around环顾;look through浏览。根据句意可知D项正确。 深度解析深度解析 动词短语辨析是河南省中考的重要考点。由动词look, put, take, come, get, make, have构成的 短语是高频考点。 7.(2015河南,29)Jane is very busy these days,
14、for she has a lot of problems to . A.deal with B.keep up with C.agree with D.come up with 答案答案 A 句意:Jane这些日子很忙,因为她有很多问题要处理。本题考查动词短语辨析。deal with处理,对 付;keep up with了解(消息、形势等);agree with同意;come up with想出。根据关键词problems可知选择A 项。 一、从方框中选择适当的词(组)并用其正确形式填空 keep forget break be depend 1.Mum,shall we go to the
15、 beach tomorrow? It on the weather. 答案答案 depends 句意:妈妈,我们明天去海滩好吗?这要取决于天气。depend on意为“取决于,依 靠”,符合句意。主语是第三人称单数,因此答案是depends。 2.For example, whoever the traffic rules should be punished. 答案答案 breaks 句意:例如,任何违反交通规则的人都应该受到惩罚。break意为“违反,打破”,符合语境。 词汇拓展词汇拓展 break也可以作为名词,含义为“休息”,如:have a break休息一下。 3.The oth
16、er children looking down as they climbed. 答案答案 kept 句意:其他的孩子们在他们爬行的时候在一直朝下看。keep doing sth.一直做某事。再由 climbed可知所填动词应该用过去式。 4.Neither Tony nor I interested in playing Weibo. 答案答案 am 句意:我和托尼都对玩微博不感兴趣。本题考查主谓一致。neither.nor.遵循“就近原则”, 根据I可知空格处应填am。 5.Dont to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom,
17、 Tom. All right, Ms. Lee. 答案答案 forget 句意:Tom,当你离开教室的时候,别忘了关灯。好的,李老师。forget to do sth.忘记 去做某事,符合语境。 agree require turn be help 6.Playing volleyball also me to relax and be confident when I have stress. 答案答案 helps 句意:当我有压力的时候,打排球也帮助我放松和自信。动名词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称 单数。 7.The old people more care and attention w
18、hen they live alone. 答案答案 require 句意:在老年人独居的时候,他们需要更多的照顾和关注。require需要,符合语境。 解题关键解题关键 根据题干中的when they live alone可知该句是一般现在时,设空处的主语是The old people,因此 设空处的谓语动词用原形。 8.I that moms do all the housework. Everyone should share. 答案答案 disagree 句意:我不同意妈妈们做所有的家务。每个人都应该分担。根据句意可知应填disagree。 9.What would you like,c
19、offee or tea? Either OK. I dont mind. 答案答案 is 句意:你想要什么,咖啡还是茶?任何一种都可以。我不介意。either表示两者中的任何 一个,因此设空处要使用is。 10.When the girl heard the words, her face red. 答案答案 turned 句意:当这个女孩听到这些话时,她的脸变红了。根据关键词heard可知,设空处应用动词的 过去式。 look up bring out deal with send up die out 11.In team spirit, its important for everyo
20、ne to work together and the best in one another. 答案答案 bring out 句意:在团队精神中,团结协作和彼此展现出最好的一面对每个人来说是重要的。根据 语境和关键词the best可知,本题应该选择bring out,意为“使显现,使表现出”。 12.Do you know about the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System? Yes. China has 55 BeiDou satellites successfully. 答案答案 sent up 句意:你知道北斗卫星导航系统吗?是的。中国已经成功发
21、射了55颗北斗卫星。 根据句意和关键词satellites和has,可知应该填sent up。注意选对短语后,还要变对形式。 13.Can you tell me something more about the movie Coco? If you want to learn more about it, you can the information on the Internet. 答案答案 look up 句意:你可以告诉我更多有关电影寻梦环游记的消息吗?如果你想了解更多 有关它的消息,你可以在网上查阅信息。根据语境和关键词information可知填look up。 14.I don
22、t know how to the old books in my study. Why not have a yard sale this Sunday? 答案答案 deal with 句意:我不知道怎么处理我书房里的旧书。为什么不在这个周日举办一个庭院 拍卖会呢? 根据语境和关键词have a yard sale可知应填deal with。 15.Life is changing quickly and many of the old traditions are . 答案答案 dying out 句意:生活变化很快,很多古老的传统正在消失。根据语境和关键信息changing quickl
23、y 以及old可知填dying out。 二、语篇填空 Mike and Tom liked 1 (volunteer) on weekends when they were at college. They used to 2 (help) in the childrens hospital. They thought helping children was a kind thing which would 3 (bring) them happiness. Mike was good at reading, so he always 4 (share) good books with t
24、hem. Tom did well in math, so he often 5 (help) children with math problems. They all felt busy but happy. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案答案 1.volunteering 根据后文内容可知“迈克和汤姆大学期间喜欢在周末做志愿服务”。like doing sth.喜欢 做某事。 2.help used to do sth. 过去常常做某事。 3.bring bring sb. happiness 给某人带来快乐。 4.shared share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物。 5.helped help sb. with.帮助某人。
