1、一、状语从句的类型及关联词一、状语从句的类型及关联词状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句九种。让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句九种。时间状语从句：由时间状语从句：由when,as,while,whenever,after,before,until/till,assoonas,since,once,directly,immediately,bythetime,everyt
2、ime,themoment,theminute,nosooner.than,hardly.when等引导。等引导。地点状语从句：由地点状语从句：由where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere等引导。等引导。原因状语从句：由原因状语从句：由because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat等引导。等引导。目的状语从句：由目的状语从句：由so,sothat,incase,inorderthat,forfear(that)等引导。等引导。结果状语从句：由结果状语从句：由so(that),so.that,such
3、.that,withtheresultthat等引导等引导。条件状语从句：由条件状语从句：由if,unless,so/aslongas,onlyif,provided,onconditionthat,incase,suppose/supposing(that)等引导。等引导。让步状语从句：由让步状语从句：由although,though,evenif/though,as,whether.or，“疑问词疑问词+ever”构成的复合构成的复合词，词，“nomatter+疑问词疑问词”等引导。等引导。方式状语从句：由方式状语从句：由as,like,asif/though,theway等引导。等引导。
4、比较状语从句：由比较状语从句：由than或或as引导。引导。二、常用关联词注意事项二、常用关联词注意事项1.when(1)when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生。如：作同时发生，也可先后发生。如：Whenhelookedback,thewomanhaddisappeared.Dontgetexcitedwhenyoutalk.(2)when还可引导条件状语从句，意为还可引导条件状语从句，意为“如果如果”。如：。如：Noonecanmakeadresswhentheyhaventlearnedhow.2.while
5、(1)while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语一般是延续性动词（如引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语一般是延续性动词（如work,stay,wait,live等）。如：等）。如：Whileyouaresortingyourthingsupstairs,Illpackmybooks.(2)while引导让步状语从句时，相当于引导让步状语从句时，相当于although/though。while和和although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though引导的让步引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：While/Although
6、/ThoughIadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idontagreethattheycannotbesolved.Happythoughthelittlegirlis,shewillfeelhomesickatthebeginning.3.until和和till(1)until和和till都表示都表示“直到直到”，常可互换，但，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首。一般不用于句首。如：如：Hedeterminedtostayattheofficetill/untilhisyearwasup.UntilIwas21,Inevermissedattendingnig
7、htschoolfournightsaweek.(2)until/till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词一般是延从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到until/till所表示的时间所表示的时间为止。如：为止。如：Juliestayeduptill/untilelevenoclocklastnight.(3)until/till从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词是从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，表示非延续性动词，表示“直到直到才才”，即主句的动作到，即主句的动作到until/till所
8、表示的时间才开始。如：所表示的时间才开始。如：Icannotcommentfurtheruntil/tillIhavealltheinformation.(4)notuntil后跟从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。如：后跟从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。如：NotuntilthewarwasoverwasEinsteinabletoreturntohishomeland.4.as(1)as引导时间状语从句时，表示引导时间状语从句时，表示“当当时；随着时；随着”。如：。如：AlookofsurprisecameintoAllisonseyesasshereadthemessage.AsIknewh
9、imbetter,Idiscoveredthatmyimpressionshadbeenright.(2)as引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，表示十分明显的引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，表示十分明显的原因或是已知的事实。如：原因或是已知的事实。如：Asitwasgettinglate,Idecidedtobookintoahotel.(3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构。详情如下：引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构。详情如下：a.“形容词形容词+as+主语主语+系动词系动词”或或“副词副词+as+主语主语+实义动实义动词词”。如：。如：Tiredastheywere,theysa
10、tuplate.Fastasyouread,youcantfinishthebookintwodays.b.名词名词+as+主语主语+系系动词动词(句句首的名词前多不带首的名词前多不带冠词冠词)。如。如:Teenagerasheis,hehasestablishedhisowncompany.(4)as引导方式状语从句时，意为引导方式状语从句时，意为“如，像，按照如，像，按照”。如：。如：Iwantyoutotellmyfriendyourinterestingexperienceexactlyasyouhavetoldittome.(5)as引导比较状语从句时，常用于引导比较状语从句时，常用
11、于as.as.和和notso/as.as.结构中。如：结构中。如：Ineverwentthroughafinalexamthatwasasdifficultasthatone.Therewasnoobviousreasonwhythiscouldnotbeasgoodafilmastheoriginal.5.nosooner.than和和hardly.when意为意为“一一就就”，引导时，引导时间状语时，主句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。注意：间状语时，主句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。注意：nosooner,hardly位于句首时，主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：位于句首时，主句的主
12、谓语要部分倒装。如：MrsSmithhadnosoonerlefttheroomthantheybegantotalkabouther.NosoonerhadMrsSmithlefttheroomthantheybegantotalkabouther.ThestarhadhardlyarrivedinRomewhenhewassurroundedbyreporters.HardlyhadthestararrivedinRomewhenhewassurroundedbyreporters.6.so.that和和such.that(1)so.that常用于以下结构：常用于以下结构：so+adj./
13、adv.+that从从句；句；so+adj.+a(n)+可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式+that从句；从句；so+many/much/few/little+n.+that从句。如：从句。如：Hewassoweakthathecouldhardlystandup.Therewassomuchsmokethattheycouldntseeacrossthehallway.EverythinghappenedsoquicklythatIhadnttimetothink.(2)such.that常用于以下结构：常用于以下结构：such+a(n)+adj.+可可数名词单数形式数名词单数形式+that从
14、句；从句；such+adj.+可数名词复可数名词复数形式数形式+that从句；从句；such+adj.+不可数名词不可数名词+that从从句。如：句。如：Hewasinsuchahurrythathealmostpushedmeoveronthestairs.Theyaresuchlovelytwinsthateverybodylikesthemverymuch.ItissuchcoldweatherthatIcanseenooneoutsidethroughthewindow.注意：注意：so.that引导结果状语从句时，如果引导结果状语从句时，如果“so+形容词形容词/副副词词”位于句首，
15、则主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：位于句首，则主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.SoquietlydidshespeakthatIcouldhardlyhearher.7.“疑问词疑问词+ever”构成的复合词既可引导状语从句，又可引构成的复合词既可引导状语从句，又可引导名词性从句，但导名词性从句，但“nomatter+疑问词疑问词”只可引导让步状只可引导让步状语从句。如：语从句。如：Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)bookyouborrow,youmustreturnitinaweek.Whatever
16、(=Nomatterwhat)happens,youknowthatIllstandbyyou.Whoeveruprootedthattreeoughttobeashamedofthemselves.(此此句中的句中的Whoever不可用不可用Nomatterwho替换替换)1.Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy_itsatwork,athome,oratschool.A.unlessB.onceC.whetherD.because(2021天津卷天津卷)2.Watchoutforinjurieswhileexercising.Alwaysstop_you
17、begintofeelanypain.A.inorderthatB.evenifC.eversinceD.assoonas(2020天津天津卷卷)CI.单项选择。单项选择。DII.用用适当的连词填空。适当的连词填空。1.Thishithomeforme_Iwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.(2022新高考新高考II)2.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,and_healwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,h
18、edidalwaysfinish.(2022新高考新高考I、II读读后续写后续写)as/when/whilealthough/though/while3.Mymotherwassotouchedbyhergesturethatshedecidedtogobacktothestoreandgivethecashier(收银员收银员)afive-dollarbilltokeeponhand_thesamehappenedtosomeoneelseiftheydidnthaveenoughmoneyforalloftheirgroceries.（2021年年6月浙江卷月浙江卷）incase1.The
19、 disagreementwastoosharpthatneitherhenorIknewwhattosettleit.(2022全国全国甲卷甲卷)2.Whetheryourideabicycle,youdontusepetrol.(2022全全国甲卷国甲卷)III.短文短文改错。改错。toosoWhetherIf/When3.Inmyopinion,whereintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.(2021全国甲卷全国甲卷)4.Ialsowatertheflowersintheyardandtidyingupmyownbedroom
20、whatevernecessary.(2021全国乙卷全国乙卷)wherewhen/wheneverwhateverwhenever选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。AScientistshavecreatedacomputerprogramwhichcanunderstandsimplejokes.Thesoftwarecancheckwhethereachwordinasentencefitswiththecontext.1._(Incase,Eventhough)itfindsawordwhichdoesnotseemtofit,itquicklysea
21、rchesforsimilar-soundingwords.IncaseForexample,thesoftwareshouldunderstandsuchajoke:Amanaskshisfriend,“HowwasyourtriptoHelsinki(thecapitalofFinland)?”towhichhisfriendreplies,“Terrible,allourluggagedisappearedintoFinnAir.”2._(Because,Although)“Finn”doesnotfitwiththecontextofluggageandair,itdoessoundl
22、ike“thin”.Sothesoftwarecanunderstandthejoke.However,thesoftwaredoesntfindthisjokefunny:Patient:Doctor,doctor,Iswallowedabone.Doctor:Areyouchoking?Patient:No,Ireallydid!AlthoughSomeoneprobablywouldseethedoctor3._(when,until)heorshewaschoking,sothesoftwareisunabletoidentifytheexchangeasajoke.Scientist
23、salsoworkedonadaptingtheprogramtopersonalpreferences.Forexample,ifsomeonehasbeeninacaraccident,thesoftwarewillavoidjokingaboutthis4._(inorderthat,forfearthat)thepersongetsupset.whenforfearthatBItcanbetoughtofigureoutwhetheritsbesttoeatbreakfastbeforeorafteranearly-morningworkout.1._(Although,Since)t
24、hereisntadefinitiveanswerforeveryone,thereareseveralfactorstoconsiderwhendecidingwhenandwhattoeat.Themostimportantthingistopayattentiontohowyourefeelingduringyourworkout.2._(Since,If)youeatbeforeexercisingandfeelsicktoyourstomach,tryskippingyourpre-workoutmeal.AlthoughIf3._(Unless,If)youdonteatandfe
25、eldizzyorstruggletomakeitthroughyourfitnessroutine,tryeatingalittleofsomethingnexttime.Itsimportanttoexperimentanddeterminewhateatingpatternworksbestforyourbody.4._(Though,If)youchoosetoeatbeforeexercisinginthemorning,itsbesttoavoidfoodsthatarehighinfatandprotein,5._(as,so)theycantakelongertodigest.
26、IfIfasApost-workoutmealiscrucial,6._(although,whether)youeatbeforeexercisingornot.Afterexercising,yourbodyimmediatelybeginstorebuildglycogen(糖原糖原)storesandregrowmuscleproteins.Fuelingtheseprocesses7._(after,until)youexercisecanhelpyourbodygetthisdonefaster.Youdbetterchooseunprocessedcarbohydrates(碳水
27、化合物碳水化合物)andprotein,whichcanstimulatemetabolism(新陈代谢新陈代谢)andenhancerecovery.whetherafter8._(Onlyif,Evenif)yourenottryingtogainalotofmuscle,youneedtoeatprotein.Itprovidesessentialaminoacids(氨基酸氨基酸)thatyourbodycantprovideonitsown.Optingtoeat9._(before,whenever)youdoamorningworkoutmaybeapersonalchoice,buteveryoneshoulddrinkwaterfirstthing.Researchsuggeststhatdrinkingwaterbeforebreakfasthelpspeoplereducetheiroverallcalorieintakethroughouttheday.Evenifbefore
