1、安徽省芜湖市江南实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Charles DarwinPersonal information:Date of birth: 12 February 1809Date of death: 19 April 1882Nationality: EnglishEducation: Edinburgh University, Cambridge UniversityAchievements:He put forward the theory of evolution by natural selection and published On t
2、he Origin of Species in 1859.Influence:His theory of evolution by natural selection has greatly influenced the development of biology.Interesting fact:Darwin was such a scientific man that before he made up his mind to get married, he made a careful list of the advantages and disadvantages of marria
3、ge.1Where was Charles Darwin from?AGermany.BBritain.CAmerica.DFrance.2When was Charles Darwin born?AIn Feb. 1809.BIn April 1809.CIn April 1882.DIn Feb. 1882.3What did Charles Darwin come up with?AThe Origin of Species.BThe advantages of marriage.CThe development of biology.DThe theory of evolution b
4、y natural selection.Born In 1980, even as a young girl, Diana Trujillo was certain of her enthusiasm for science. But she doubted how far shed be able to go in a male controlled field. Fate (命运) stepped in when her dad, thinking having a second language might expand his daughters horizons, sent her
5、to live with an aunt in Miami.With just $300 to her name, Trujillo took a series of housekeeping jobs to put herself through Miami Dade College. In addition to learning English, she studied aerospace (航空航天) engineering, where it was rare to see a woman. Sometimes she had to take six buses just to ge
6、t to class. Other days she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her studies. But she didnt complain (抱怨).I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity, Trujillo told CBS News. I didnt see it as: I cant believe Im doing this job at night, or I cant believe that Im cleaning a bathroom
7、 right now. It was just more like, Im glad that I have a job and that I can buy food and have a house to sleep inThen came another life-changing moment for Trujillo. One of her professors mentioned be knew ab astronaut, Realizing she was just one person away from knowing an astronaut was all it took
8、 to encourage Trujillo to achieve her career goals.Trujillo continued with her studies. Becoming the first Hispanic woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy, she did so well that she was one of the only two students to receive a job offer from the famous institution. Since then, Trujillo has worn ma
9、ny bats at Americas space agency, Including the Mission Lead for the Curiosity rover in 2014.Trujillos own story has proved that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.4What helped Trujillo make the firs
10、t step of her career?AHer learning a third language.BHer aunts connections in Miami.CHer curiosity about the outside world.DHer fathers decision to send her to Miami.5How did Trujillo put herself through college?AShe did part-time jobs.BHer aunt lent her money.CHer father paid for her study.DShe rec
11、eived aid from her college.6Whats Trujillos attitude towards her life according to Paragraph 3?ARegretful.BPositive.CWorried.DUninterested.7What can we learn from Trujillos story?AIts important to discover ones talents early.BEveryone can realize their dream with tireless efforts.CPoor children can
12、achieve more with strong wills.DIts difficult for women to enter the field of space.What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for
13、less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.Its thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and rea
14、dy-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britains consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the numbe
15、r of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food.
16、Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and youn
17、g people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UKs obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, its no longer “uncool” for boys to like c
18、ooking.8What do people usually think of British food?AIt is simple and plain.BIt is rich in nutrition.CIt lacks authentic tastes.DIt deserves a high reputation.9Which best describes cookery programme on British TV?AAuthoritative.BCreative.CProfitable.DInfluential.10Which is the percentage of the peo
19、ple using more diverse ingredients now?A20%.B24%.C25%.D33%.11What might the author continue talking about?AThe art of cooking in other countries.BMale chefs on TV programmes.CTable manners in the UK.DStudies of big eaters.A new study suggests that smoke from wildfires can change how clouds store wat
20、er and could lead to less rainfall. The research comes as western parts of the United States are currently experiencing drought conditions after several years of intense wildfire activity. Clouds contain a collection of water droplets (微滴) that form from vapor in the atmosphere. When these droplets
21、condense (凝结) onto each other within a cloud，they become heavier and eventually fall as rain. But the water condensation process requires a solid substance for the vapor to attach to. Different kinds of particles rising up from the Earths surface can reach clouds and make this process possible. The
22、new study found that smoke from wildfires contains small particles that affect the way droplets form in clouds. The main effect was the number of water droplets formed. The team reported that smoky clouds contained about five times the number of droplets as non-smoky clouds. But data also showed tha
23、t the droplets in smoky clouds were much smaller, about half the size of those in the clouds without wildfire smoke. It is that size difference, the researchers say, that could reduce the amount of rainfall. This is because small droplets are less likely to grow and eventually fall to the ground as
24、rain. “Because of their small droplet sizes, these smoky clouds are expected to reflect more light and produce less rain than clouds in clean air,” the study states.The findings could mean that active wildfire seasons in the western U. S. may in fact lead to less rain and more drought, the researche
25、rs said. “We were surprised at how effective these primarily organic particles were at forming cloud droplets and what large impacts they had on the microphysics (微观物理) of the clouds,” said Cynthia Twohy, leader of the new study. Twohy also noted that different kinds of clouds behave differently. Th
26、e current study examined changes in small cumulus clouds. Other kinds that sit much higher in the atmosphere can cause heavy storms, she said. Twohy added, “I am hoping these results will lead to detailed regional modeling studies that will help us understand the actual impact of smoke on clouds and
27、 climate.”12Why did the researchers conduct the study?AThey arent sure how water droplets form from vapor.BThere is a great climate change in America.CThe US has serious drought after wildfires.DThey wonder how smoky clouds appear.13What is a characteristic of smoky clouds?AThey tend to reflect more
28、 light.BThey often have lower temperatures than others.CThey contain more droplets which are larger in size.DThey have fewer particles for the vapor to attach to.14What could smoky clouds lead to according to the text?ALess rainfall.BMuch cooler weather.CFewer windy days.DMore storms.15What is the m
29、ain idea of the text?AThere are many reasons for the US drought.BWildfire smoke can make clouds produce less rain.COrganic particles play an important role in forming clouds.DHumans have to face the serious consequences of wildfires.It is never too late to develop great study habits. However, starti
30、ng making some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, youre probably having trouble getting started in the first place! 16 .Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for
31、studying. 17 , but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate
32、on the subject.Skim before you read. 18 . As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized. 19 . Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose
33、 of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. 20 . Tests provide grades, but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying.There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful.AStudy r
34、egularlyBMake good use of your time in classCThere are several ways that can help youDDevelop a positive attitude by setting realistic goalsEThis weekly schedule may not solve all of your problemsFThe world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont worry too much about a testGThis means looking over
35、 a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully二、完形填空I was visiting Costa Rica when I found myself in a bad situation: all my bank cards werent 21 abroad, and I only had $5 and a return ticket in two weeks. Back then, there were no cellphones or Internet. It was 22 who came to my rescu
36、e to get me home.I thought the city dangerous and decided to find kind people in the 23 . With my remaining coins, I 24 to the bus station and found a countryside that I could 25 . Five hours later, I arrived at Santa Rosa. I went knocking door to door, 26 my situation with my very poor Spanish, but
37、 everyone pointed me to another 27 .Finally, I 28 a Chinese restaurant. The owner was extremely 29 . She heard my story and felt 30 for me. She said her son had a similar 31 . At that time, some other people were very kind to him, and she remembered how 32 that made her feel. She invited me in, gave
38、 me food, and called the Red Cross to 33 me. I spent my remaining days in Costa Rica with the head of Red Cross.I realized that being able to receive kindness is a 34 for other people as well. And kindness 35 more kindness in small ripples(波纹).21AworkingBpayingCtravellingDincreasing22AvillagersBtour
39、istsCvisitorsDstrangers23AstreetBtownCcountrysideDcommunity24AdroveBflewCheadedDslid25AbuyBaffordCrentDearn26AexplainingBsharingCexchangingDexploring27AdoorBhouseCmanDrestaurant28Athought ofBheard ofCarrived atDaimed at29ArichBkindCbusyDserious30AproudBhappyCexcitedDsorry31AadventureBexperienceCfail
40、ureDstrategy32AwarmBcuriousCcoolDstrange33AchooseBcalmCcomfortDrescue34AgiftBtroubleCtrapDrequest35AimprovesBchallengesCencouragesDdesigns三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The local government of Zibo issued two open letters to all citizens. The government expressed 36 (it) gratitude for the cit
41、izens warmth and hospitality toward visitors coming to enjoy the citys signature barbecue, 37 has recently become a hit across the country.Since early March, Zibos local barbecue 38 (cause) a sensation online. But how did Zibo rise to fame? From July 2022 to February2023, Zibo organized many trips t
42、o the city for university students. Despite reaching peak visitation numbers, there was no sense of panic. Instead, several supportive 39 (policy) were promptly introduced, such as establishing a “Golden Stove Award”, forming a barbecue association, creating a map of Zibos barbecue restaurants, 40 l
43、aunching 21 dedicated tourist routes that go beyond just the barbecue.Zibos sudden boom in popularity also resulted 41 the post-pandemic tourism revival China has experienced. The city aims to restore its tourist industry and 42 (sure) sustainable growth. 43 (achieve) this goal, it has created 44 we
44、lcome environment with convenient services for your people, particularly university students. The city has also invited students from distinguished universities to visit Zibo for free, 45 (signal) its eagerness to attract talented young individuals.四、书信写作46世界历史文化名城博览会每两年在南京举办一次。该博览会针对自然遗产和文化遗产面临的各种危
45、机，呼吁大家一起保护世界遗产。请你代表主办方，用英文写一封倡议书，内容包括：1世界遗产的重要性；2保护措施；3发出倡议。注意：1写作词数应为80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：世界历史文化名城博览会the World Historical and Cultural City ExpoRespected all,_五、书面表达47阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文. Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast. “Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum,” Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. Ive been studying the wordlist since last week. I am
