1、中考英语语法中考英语语法 专题专题 （一）（一） 形容词和副词形容词和副词 原级、比较级原级、比较级的用法的用法 形容词：作形容词：作定语定语或或表语表语： a beautiful girl a wonderful story The book is interesting. 副词：修饰副词：修饰动词动词 work hard play basketball well rain heavily 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级（原形）：原级（原形）：tall outgoing 比较级比较级 : taller more outgoing 最高级最高级 : tall
2、est most outgoing 原级用法：原级用法： 1. （常见用法）（常见用法）pretty / so / really / too/ quite / very 后后 + 形容词原形形容词原形 Eg. My parents are really (health). The boy is so (friend) . healthy friendly 2. （固定句型）（固定句型） ： 当当A与与B在某一程度上在某一程度上 一样一样 时，用同级比较时，用同级比较 Eg. (1) 她像她妈妈一样高。她像她妈妈一样高。 She is as tall as her mother . （2）Tom
3、像像Tim一样努力学习。一样努力学习。 Tom studies as hard as Tim. 肯定结构：肯定结构：as + 形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级 + as A + be动词动词 + as+ 形容词的形容词的原级原级+ as + B. A + 行为动词行为动词 + as+ 副词的副词的原级原级+ as + B. 2. 同级比较同级比较 ： 当当A与与B在某一程度上在某一程度上不不一样一样 时，用同级比较时，用同级比较 。（。（A在某方面在某方面不如不如B） Eg. (1) 我不如姐姐外向。我不如姐姐外向。 Im not as outgoing as my sister . （2）他不
4、如）他不如Tim跑得快。跑得快。 He doesnt run so fast as Tim. 否定结构：否定结构：not as / so + 原级原级 + as A + be动词动词 + not+ as/so+ 形容词形容词的原级的原级+ as + B. A + dont / doesnt +动词原形动词原形 + as/so+ 副词副词的原级的原级+ as + B. 中考题中考题 1. The ice in the lake is as _ as it was before. A. thin B. thinner C. thinnest D. the thinnest 2. - How can
5、 I speak English_ you? - Youd better speak more. I think. Aas good as B. more than C. as well as D. as much as A C 比较级用法：比较级用法： 表示表示两者两者人或事物之间的比较。人或事物之间的比较。 结构：结构： 形容词或副词的形容词或副词的比较级比较级 + than 翻译：翻译：A比比B 较较.；更；更 1.Tom is tall . Mike is taller than Tom . 2. I run fast . Nick runs faster than I / me. 形
6、容词的比较级形容词的比较级 1.单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er构成比较级构成比较级 tall taller young-younger long-longer short shorter 2.以字母以字母e 结尾的词只加结尾的词只加-r构成比较级。构成比较级。 nice -nicer fine -finer white -whiter late-later 3.重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，应先重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，应先 双写辅音字母，再加双写辅音字母，再加-er. bigbigger thinthinner fatfatter hot-hotter 4.以辅音字母加以辅音
7、字母加-y 结尾的词，先把结尾的词，先把-y变为变为 I， 再加再加-er. easy-easier funnyfunnier early-earlier 5.双音节的词和部分双音节词，在词前加双音节的词和部分双音节词，在词前加 more beautifulmore beautiful interestingmore interesting 6.不规则变化不规则变化 good/wellbetter bad/badly/illworse many/muchmore littleless farfarther -further oldolder -elder Long wide _ fat _ h
8、eavy slow _ few_ far _ quickly _ unhappy _ bad _ well good _ little _much _ longer wider fatter heavier slower fewer farther/further more quickly unhappier worse better less more 根据句意填入单词的正确形式： 1. My brother is two years _(old) than me. 2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister _(young) than you
9、? Yes, she is. 4. Who is _(thin), you or Helen? Helen is. 5. Whose pencil-box is _(big), yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys. 7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. older fat younger thinner bigger long jum
10、ps higher Does better does （两者两者之间之间） 比较级的比较级的修饰词修饰词。 两多两多(much, a lot) 两少两少(a little, a bit) 两甚至两甚至(even, still) 还有一个远还有一个远(far)去了去了 Yao Ming is much taller than us. 1. I think your room is _ bigger. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. more 2. Do you think March is _ than January? Yes, its _ warmer.
11、 A.better, a little B. well, much C. worse, very D. nicer, quite Which/Who +比较级比较级，A or B? 句型句型 1： 两者之间两者之间进行选择，用比较级进行选择，用比较级 Who is _ ,Tom or Tim? A. taller B. tall C. the tallest A 单音节和部分双音节词单音节和部分双音节词： 比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级 句型句型 2： 越来越越来越. 多音节和部分双音节词多音节和部分双音节词： more and more +原级原级 It is getting colde
12、r and colder. She is more and more beautiful you eat, you will be. The more the fatter The more ,the better. the +比较级，比较级， the +比较级比较级 越越， 越越。 句型句型 3： -Can you tell me why you learn math so well? -Its very simple. _ you work,_grades you will get. A.Harder; better B. The harder; the worse C.The harde
13、r; the better c Mary is the taller of the two girls. 4. 表示表示“两者之间比较两者之间比较. 的一个的一个”时，用时，用 the +比较级比较级of the two 5. 暗含暗含的的比较级，比较级， 无标无标 志性的提示词，需志性的提示词，需结合结合 句意句意理解理解 He has _ arms now, and is able to pick the table up with one hand. A. weakest B. weaker C. strongest D.stronger D 1.Those apples are big
14、ger than these ones. 1. 比较级中为了避免重复，常用比较级中为了避免重复，常用one/that/those替替 代代名词名词。 This pen is shorter than that one. The weather here is much hotter than that of Shanghai. The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai. 2. price 价格价格 表示价格高低，修饰表示价格高低，修饰price 要用要用high/low , 而而不能用不能用 exp
15、ensive/cheap The price of this coat is higher than that one. 3. population 人口人口 表示人口的“多”或“少”表示人口的“多”或“少”，修饰，修饰 population，要用“要用“large”或或 “small”。例如例如: China has a larger population than any other country. The population of China is _ than any other country in the world. A. larger B. less C. smaller
16、D. bigger 4.比较级中比较级中any, any other, the other的用法的用法 （1）不不同范围同范围的比较的比较用用 any +单数单数 例如：例如： China is bigger than any country in Europe . （ （2）相同范围相同范围的比较的比较用用any other+单数单数或或 the other +复数复数 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China . =Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China . （上海属于中国的城
17、市）（上海属于中国的城市） 1. In order to keep healthy, you should eat _ fast food, _ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise. A. fewer, fewer B. less, more C. fewer, more D. less, less 2. My sister is good at sports. she can jump _than me. A. highest B. very higher C. too higher D. much higher B D 3. The more
18、 exercise you take, the _ you will be. A. weaker B. healthier C. healthiest D. worse 4. Everyone knows China is getting _ A. strong and strong B. stronger and stronger C. more and more strong D. strongest and strongest B B 完成面对面完成面对面P194-P195 1.Actions speak 1.Actions speak louder than words.louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 2.It is easier said than done.说来容易做来难。
