1、 1 必修一必修一 Unit1 词汇短语知识点词汇短语知识点 Section A 1. senior (adj.) (地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的 (n.) 较年长的人 (at) senior high 高中 be senior/junior to 比.年长/级别高 a senior officer/manager/lecture 高级军官/经理/讲师 a senior post/position 高级职务/职位 junior (adj.) (地位、水平或级别)低的，低下的 junior high school 初中 注：不可与 than 连用 2. picture (n./v.) 图片/想
2、象，设想 3. over and over (again) = again and again = time and (time) again 再三地，反复地 once again 再一次 (every) now and then = now and again = at times = from time to time = once in a while 时而，有时 4. the big day 重要的一天 5. wake up 醒来(瞬间动词) - be awake (延续性；表状态) wake sb. up 叫醒某人 wake - woke - woken 6. rush(vi./vt
3、) rush out of 冲出 rush hour 高峰期 in a rush 极机密地，急速地 gold rush 淘金热 7. curious (adj.) 好奇的 - curiously (adv.) 好奇地 - curiosity (n.) 好奇心 be curious about 对.感到好奇 be curious to do sth. It is curious that + (clause)从句 .是奇怪的 with curiosity 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇 8. eagerness (n.) 热切，渴望 - eager (adj.) 渴望的 be
4、 eager for sth. 渴求某物 be eager to do sth. in ones eagerness 急切地 be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事 be anxious about/for. 为.担忧 9. decide to do sth. = make a decision to do = make up ones mind to do 决定做. 2 10. explore (v.) 探索，探险- exploration (n.) 探索，开发 - explorer (n.) 探索者，开拓者 explore the unknown world 探索未知世界
5、11. 主语 + was doing sth. when + 过去时句子 正在做某事，这时(突然). be about to do sth. when. 正打算做某事，这时. be on the point of doing.when. had just/hardly/scarcely done.when. 刚做完.这时. 注：when 相当于并列连词 just at this/that time 12. turn around 转身 turn up 调高，出现 turn down 调低，拒绝 turn over 翻身，翻转 turn off/on 关闭/打开（电子产品） turn again
6、st 反对，与.为敌 turn in 上交，产生 turn out to be. 结果是，被证明是 turn on ones brain 开动脑筋 Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 Eg：Turning around, I saw a white-haired man. (现在分词作时间状语，相当于 when I turned around) 13. wonder (v.) 想知道 = want to know; wander(v.) 漫步，徘徊 14. find out 查明 15. step (v.) 迈进 (Cn.) 步骤 step into 走进 16.
7、 be surprised to do in surprise to ones surprise 17. the same+ that 从句 - 指同一个人或物品 the same +as 从句 - 指同类人或物品 Eg：He is the same boy that helped me yesterday. He had the same experience in China as you had there. Such.as 引导定从 such.that 引导结果状从 “如此.以至于” Eg：This is such a difficult problem as I cant solve
8、. This is such a difficult problem that I cant solve it. 18. one by one 依次地(一次一个) one after another 陆续地(连续性) one another 相互（三折以上） 3 19. introduce oneself to sb. 向别人自我介绍 introduce - introduction n. 20. engine (v.) 发动机，引擎 - engineer (n.) 工程师 21. impression (n.) 印象，感想 - impress (v.) - impressive (adj.)
9、 印象深刻的 make a good first impression 留下好的第一印象 leave/make a .impression on sb. 给某人留下.印象 give an impression 给人印象 get an impression 获得印象 a bad/good impression impress sb. with/by 对.印象深刻 impress sth. on sb. 使某人了解某事的和重要性 22. collect (v.) 收集 - collection (n.) 23. organise (v.) 组织 - organisation (n.) 组织 - o
10、rganiser (n.) 组织者 - organised (adj.) 有条 理的 well/badly/carefully organised 24. next to = beside = near 25. nudge (n.) 轻推 give sb. a nudge 轻推某人 26. butterflies in ones stomach 情绪紧张，心里发慌 = have/get butterflies (in ones stomach) 27. breathe (v.) 呼吸 - breath (un.) 呼吸 breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 breathe deeply 深
11、呼吸 be out of breath 气喘吁吁(表状态) - lose ones breath (表动作) hold ones breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深吸一口气 28. panic (n.) 惊恐，恐慌 (v.) 使恐慌 in panic 惊慌地 get into a panic 陷入恐慌(表动作) - be in a panic(表状态) panic sb. into doing sth. 吓的某人做某事 29. too.to do 太.而不能 not/never too.to do 表肯定意义 Eg：Its never too old to lea
12、rn. 活到老，学到老 cant/never .too much/enough 越.越好 eg： I cant thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。 too anxious/glad/eager/pleased/thankful/willing/delighted to do. 表肯定 Eg：She is too anxious to leave. 她急于离开 30. pay attention to doing. 注意做. 4 31. embarrassed (adj.) 尴尬的- embarrassing (adj.) - embarrass (v.) be embarra
13、ssed at/about. 对.感到尴尬 32. make +宾语 + adj./n./过去分词/do 让.处于某种状态 make it +adj./n. + to do sth. (it 是形式宾语) 33. challenge (cn./v.) 挑战 - challenging (adj.) 富有挑战性的 the challenge of doing sth. 做某事的挑战 meet the challenge of. 迎接.的挑战 take up/accept/face a challenge 接受/面对挑战 challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战某事 challeng
14、e sb. to do. 挑战某人做某事 34. pressure (n.) 压力 under pressure 在压力下 under the pressure of 在.的压力下 put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力 reduce pressure 减轻压力 give in to pressure 屈服于压力 blood pressure 血压 press (v.) 按，压 press on 用力按压，奋力前行，坚持 35. depend (v.) 依靠 - dependent (adj.) 依靠的 - dependence (n.) - independent (adj.
15、) 独立的 - independence (n.) 独立 depend on/upon 依靠，依赖，取决于，由.决定 depend on sb. for/to do sth. = depend on ones doing sth. 指望某人做某事 It/That (all) depends. 看情况而定 36. calm (adj./v.) 镇静的/使平静 - calmly (adv.) keep/stay/remain calm 保持冷静 calm：表示人在危急情形中保持镇静 quiet：表示性格安静或性情稳定 still：表示站躺的姿势静止不动 silent：表示没有声音，沉默，不讲话 注
16、：注：不一样的“静” ：calm,still,quiet,silent In the face of danger,you must keep calm;when you have a photo taken,you should stay 5 still;while someone else is asleep,you ought to remain quiet;in class you cant be silent about the teachers questions. 面对危险时，你必须保持冷静；当你拍照时，你应该保持不动；当其他人睡着时，你应该保 持安静；在课堂上，你不能对老师的问
17、题保持沉默。 37. make the most of. = make full of 充分利用(有利条件) make the best of. 充分利用(不利条件) make (good) use of. (好好)利用. be of (no) use (没)有用 Its no use doing sth. 做某事没有用 38. at the moment 此刻 for the moment = for the time being = at present 暂时,目前 for a moment 片刻，一会儿 = for a while/minute in a moment 马上 the mo
18、ment 引导时间状从“一.就” 39. description (n.) 描述 - describe (v.) with a description of.描写. beyond description 无法形容 give a detailed/general/brief description of. 做详细/概括/简短的描述 40. confident (adj.) 自信的 - confidence (n.) 自信心 - confidently (adv.) 自信地 be/feel confident about 对.有信心 be confident of. 对.有把握 Be confid
19、ent that. 确信. Section B 1. debate (n.) 辩论，讨论，争论 (vt./vi.) 辩论，讨论 join the Debate 加入辩论俱乐部 a debate about/on/over sth. 关于.的辩论/讨论 under debate 在辩论中 a heated/lively debate 一场激烈的/热烈的争论 beyond debate 无可争辩 debate sth. With sb. 与某人讨论/辩论某事 debate + 疑问词 to do sth. 注：debate 后不可加 that 宾从，可加 wh/how 类宾从 2. argue (
20、v.) 争论，争辩 argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue about/over sth. 为某事争吵 argue that + 从句 主张，认为 6 argue for/against doing sth. 说服某人做某事 argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 词义辨析：词义辨析： debate：侧重双方各抒己见，含有“交锋”的意思 argue：侧重“说理” “论证” “企图说服” quarrel：指由于愤怒而争吵，吵架 Eg：People generally quarrel because they cant argue. 3. sharp
21、 (adj.) - sharply (adv.) 敏锐的，聪明的；锋利的；急剧的； （人/言语）尖锐的，严厉的 keep a sharp eye on sb. 密切注意某人 have a sharp mind/brain 有敏锐的头脑 a girl of sharp intelligence 聪颖的女孩 a sharp drop in prices 价格骤降 be sharp with 对.说话尖刻 4. intelligent (adj.) 有智慧的，聪明的 - intelligence (n.) 智力，才智 intelligent software/system 智能软件/系统 highl
22、y intelligent 非常聪明的 A person of high/low intelligence 智力高/低的人 A person of average /normal intelligence 具有平均/正常智力水平的人 5. investigate (v.) 查明，调查 investigate sb. for sth. 因为某事调查某人 6. various (adj.) 各种各样的 - vary (v.) 变更，变化 - variety (n.) 不同种类，多样性 vary with 随.变化 vary from.to 从.到.转变 a variety of = varieti
23、es of. 各种各样的 7. volunteer (n.) 志愿者；(v.) 自愿做 - voluntary (adj.) 自愿的 - voluntarily (adv.) 自愿地 volunteer to do 自愿做某事 volunteer for sth. 自愿为某事效劳 8. gain (v.) 获得，赢得 gain weight 增加体重 gain from 从.中获益 gain ones independence (from) (脱离.) 获得独立 gain (in) confidence/experience/strength 增加信心/经验/力量 7 a gain in ea
24、rnings 收入的增加 No pain, no gain. 不劳无获。 9. apply (v.) 请求，申请；应用；涉及 - applicant (n.) 申请者 - application (n.) 申请 apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物 apply .to. 把.应用于. apply oneself to. 致力于.，专心于. 10. schedule (n.) 计划表，日程表 (v.) 安排，预定 on schedule 按预定时间 ahead of schedule = ahead of time 先于预定时间，提前 behind schedule 迟于预
25、定时间 have a tight/busy schedule 日程安排紧 schedule .for. 把.安排在. be scheduled to do. 被安排做某事 Section C 1. award(n.) 奖，奖金，奖赏；(vt.) 授予，颁发，奖励 get/receive/win an award 因.获奖 give sb. an award 给某人颁奖 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 授予某人某荣誉 词义辨析：词义辨析： award：多指奖励，奖赏，奖品，与“奖”有关；有动词词性 reward：返还，以回报的方式“奖励、奖赏” ，译为“回报
26、，酬谢” (a) reward for doing 做.的奖励 prize：指在比赛、竞赛中获得的奖 first prize 一等奖 2. opportunity (n.) 机会 an opportunity to do sth. 做某事的机会 take /seize/use an/the opportunity 把握/利用机会 miss/lose/waste an opportunity 错过/失去/浪费机会 3. subscribe (v.) 订阅(报纸或杂志) subscribe to (+ v.-ing/n./pron.)= place an order for 订阅；同意，赞成 =
27、approve of 4. view (Cn.) (从某处看到的景色，风景)；(个人)看法，观点；(一次)观看 (Un.) 视野，视线 (vt.) 观看，参观，看待 on view 在展出 in view 在视线范围内 out of view 不在视野中 8 come into view 进入视野 have a good view of. 对.一览无余 in ones view = in ones opinion 在某人看来 take the view that. 持有.的观点(引导同位语从句) in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于 point of view 观点，看法 view on/
28、about 对.的观点 with a view to 为了，指望 view.as. 将.视为 5. former (n.) 前者：常与 the 连用 the former 前者 - the latter 后者 (adj.) 从前的：只作定语 6. graduate (vi./vt.) 毕业；(n.) 毕业生 - gradation (n.) 毕业 graduate from 毕业于某学校 graduate in 毕业于某专业 * graduate 是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用 7. as if = as though 好像，似乎 look/seem/feel + as if 表语从句 Eg：I
29、 feel as if high school was only yesterday. As if 引导方式状从 - 虚拟语气(从句谓语动词)： 与现在（主句）事实不符 - 过去式（be 动词只用 were） 与过去事实不符 - had done 与将来事实不符 - would/could/might + 动词原形 Eg：Dont handle the vase as if it were made of steel. He kept working as if nothing had happened. * as if+分词/to do/adj./介短 - 引导的从句可用省略形式 8. ta
30、ke part in 参加(无宾语时不加 in) take an active part in 积极参加(当 part 前有形容词时，前要加不定冠词) 词义辨析：词义辨析： take part in：指参加群体性活动，并在其中发挥一定作用 join in：指参加小规模活动(activity/group)，常可与 take part in 互换 join：join the army/the Party/club/League/sb. 参军/入党/俱乐部/团/某人 9 join sb.in doing 加入某人一起做某事 attend：attend a meeting/ceremony/lectu
31、re 参加会议/典礼/讲座 attend class/college 上课/大学 9. frightened (adj.) 害怕的- frightening (adj.)令人害怕的- fright (n.) 惊骇- frighten (v.) 使恐吓 be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事 be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事 A frightened child 一个受惊吓的孩子 a frightening experience 一次可怕的经历 frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓得某人做某事 frighten sb
32、. out of doing sth. 吓得某人不敢做某事 frighten away/off 吓走，吓跑 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓得要死 注：注：adj.-ing 常描述人/事物本身具有.的特征，译为“令人.的”； adj.-ed 描述人的感觉，译为“感到.的”，以及人的声音、表情等 Eg：a frightened girl a frightened look/expression 10. sight (n.) 看见，视力范围，视野 at the sight of 看到，一看到 at first sight 乍一看，初次见到 each sight of 看见，瞥见
33、 come into sight 进入视野，出现 in sight 看得见，在视野内 lose sight of 看不见 - out of sight 不在视野之内 11. figure (v.) 认为，相信，计算 (n.) 身材(Cn.)，人影，人物，重要的人(an important person)，图形，插图，数字(pl.) figure out 弄懂，计算出 figure that. 认为. keep/lose ones figure 保持/破坏身材 a political figure 政治人物 the latest trade/figure 最新的贸易/销售数字 12. go al
34、l out for sth.全力以赴，竭尽全力获取某物 go all out to do sth. 全力以赴做某事 13. select (v.) 挑选，选择 - selection (n.) 挑选，选拔 - selective (adj.) 有选择的 select sb. for sth. 为了某事挑选某人 10 select sb. to do sth. 挑选某人做某事 select.as. 挑选.作为. select.from. 从.中选出. 词义辨析：词义辨析： select：指精心挑选 choose：指一般意义的“选择” elect：指“投票选举” pick：指随意或慎重地“选择”
35、14. in particular 尤其，特别 - particularly (adv.) 尤其 be particular about 对.挑剔，讲究 15. refer to 提到，谈到；参考，查阅 refer sth. to sb. 把.提交.；归功于.；把.称作. refer to sb. as. 称某人是.；认为某人是. reference (n.) 参考，推荐 for future reference 供日后参考 16. struggle (vi.) 奋斗，拼搏，努力；(n.) Cn. 难事；斗争；努力 struggle for 为.作斗争 struggle with/agains
36、t 与.作斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 17. 常见含介词 to 的短语：look forward to/refer to/lead to/pay attention to/be used to(习惯) 18. improve(v.) 改善，改进 - improvement (n.) make improvements 进行提升 improve living standard 提高生活水平 improve in health 健康状况有所改善 improve a lot 有很大改进 19. exchange (n.) (学生教师等)互访；交换；(vt.) 交换，交流
37、，兑换 in exchange for 作为.的交换 exchange A for B 把 A 换成 B exchange .with sb. 和某人交换. 词义辨析：词义辨析：exchange 侧重于双向行为；change 侧重于单向行为 Eg：Lets exchange our seats. I changed my seat. 20. be about to do sth. 即将做某事 21. thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事 11 22. Share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物 23. as.as possible 尽可能.地 24. look back on sth. 回顾某事 25. good luck with sth. 祝某事好运
