1、 考情概览考情概览1 1 微技能讲练微技能讲练2 2 全国视野全国视野 创新考点补充练创新考点补充练3 3考情概览考情概览分析呼和浩特和包头近分析呼和浩特和包头近5年中考真题选择型阅读理解可知，其主年中考真题选择型阅读理解可知，其主要特点如下：要特点如下：1.文体及话题文体及话题：说明文、记叙文及应用文，具体形式如下：说明文、记叙文及应用文，具体形式如下：(1)说明文说明文：事物介绍：事物介绍(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年3考；包头：考；包头：5年年4考考)、科普、科普知识与生活百科知识与生活百科(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年3考；包头：考；包头：2022D)、做法建议、做法建议(呼和呼和浩特：浩
2、特：2023A；包头：；包头：2023B)、观点看法、观点看法(包头：包头：2023A)；(2)记叙文记叙文：教育引导：教育引导(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年6考；包头：考；包头：5年年4考考)；(3)应用文应用文：(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：2021A、2020A；包头：；包头：5年年4考，均为考，均为A篇篇)，话题包括活动介绍、商业推荐。，话题包括活动介绍、商业推荐。2.词数词数：呼和浩特：呼和浩特156367词；包头词；包头170370词；词；3.篇数及题量篇数及题量：呼和浩特每年考查：呼和浩特每年考查3篇，每篇设置篇，每篇设置5道小题；道小题；包头包头每年考查每年考查4篇，一般设置篇，一般设置
3、3、4、4、4道小题；道小题；4.考查方式考查方式：考查方式丰富多样，包含细节理解题、推理判断题、：考查方式丰富多样，包含细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨词义猜测题、主旨(段落段落)大意题、标题归纳题、数字计算题、写作大意题、标题归纳题、数字计算题、写作意图题、代词指代题及句子还原题等。意图题、代词指代题及句子还原题等。微技能讲练微技能讲练微技能微技能1 1 细节理解细节理解 微技能微技能2 2 推理判断推理判断微技能微技能3 3 词义猜测词义猜测微技能微技能4 4 主旨（段落）大意主旨（段落）大意微技能微技能5 5 标题归纳标题归纳微技能微技能6 6 数字计算数字计算微技能微技能7
4、7 写作意图写作意图微技能微技能8 8 代词指代代词指代微技能微技能9 9 句子还原句子还原微技能微技能1细节理解细节理解(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年30考；包头：考；包头：5年年22考考)细节理解细节理解题主要考查考生对阅读材料中某一特定细节或文章的主题主要考查考生对阅读材料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。中考对英语语篇中事实细节的考查主要分为两种要事实的理解能力。中考对英语语篇中事实细节的考查主要分为两种情况：一是直接细节类，其答案几乎可以直接从原文中找出来，考生情况：一是直接细节类，其答案几乎可以直接从原文中找出来，考生只要根据题干中的关键词与原文进行对照，就能找到答案；二是间
5、接只要根据题干中的关键词与原文进行对照，就能找到答案；二是间接细节类，这类题可以根据文章的隐含意义，如原因、前提或结果等内细节类，这类题可以根据文章的隐含意义，如原因、前提或结果等内容仔细推敲，然后得出正确答案。常见的解题方法如下：容仔细推敲，然后得出正确答案。常见的解题方法如下：微技能讲练微技能讲练1 1方法方法搜寻直接答案搜寻直接答案:关键词定位法关键词定位法(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年21考；包头：考；包头：5年年16考考)典例剖析典例剖析Centre PlaceThis shopping centre has a number of shops selling outdoor good
6、s.Dont miss the shoe stores,where you can get expert advice.You can also find camping goods,such as lightweight chairs and tables,and fishing tools.Open until 10 pm on Friday and Saturday.36.If you need some camping goods,you can go to _A.Centre Place B.Smiths C.Holly Corner D.Newton Cross例例(2021呼和浩
7、特阅读呼和浩特阅读A节选节选)剖析：根据剖析：根据“camping goods”可定位至本段第三句可定位至本段第三句“You can also find camping goods.”可知，在可知，在Centre Place能买到露营需能买到露营需要的东西。故选要的东西。故选A。Paragraph 1(2021安徽阅读安徽阅读D节选节选)According to the finding of a new UN report,the world wastes about onesixth of the food each year.Thats about 1,030,000,000 tons,o
8、r 121 kilograms for each person on the Earth.61%of the food waste is from home cooking.Food services,such as restaurants,produce 26%and groceries(食品杂货店食品杂货店)and other stores 13%.“We thought waste was a problem in rich countries,”says Martina Otto,who works for the UN Environment Program.方法训练方法训练“How
9、ever,the new report finds,food waste is a big problem in nations rich and poor.”()1.Where is most food waste from?A.Home cooking.B.Restaurants.C.Food stores.D.Groceries.A2 2方法方法搜寻间接答案：转换相关语句法搜寻间接答案：转换相关语句法(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年18考；包头：考；包头：5年年13考考)例例(2021包头阅读包头阅读D节选节选)New brain research,led by researchers at
10、 the Norwegian University of Science and Technology,announces the same:choosing handwriting over using a keyboard results in better learning and memory.典例剖析典例剖析62.What advantage does choosing handwriting have over usingkeyboard?A.Its more challenging.B.Its better for learning and memory.C.Its less l
11、ikely to cause tiredness.D.Its more popular among students.剖析：根据题干中的关键词剖析：根据题干中的关键词“advantage does choosing handwriting have over using keyboard”可定位至本段可定位至本段“choosing handwriting over using a keyboard results in better learning and memory”可知，可知，手写相对于用键盘打字的优势是能够更好地帮助我们学习与记忆。手写相对于用键盘打字的优势是能够更好地帮助我们学习与
12、记忆。故选故选B。Paragraph 2(2021河北阅读河北阅读A节选节选)Mike,when did you start cooking?When I was four,I became interested in cooking.I started helping my mum in the kitchen when I was five.At the age of six,I could make vegetable salad.One year later,I could make a fruit pie all by myself.方法训练方法训练()2.When could Mi
13、ke make a fruit pie all by himself?A.At the age of four.B.At the age of five.C.At the age of six.D.At the age of seven.D微技能微技能2推理判断推理判断(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年13考；包头：考；包头：5年年18考考)针对此类题型，考生需要对文章内容及作者的思路做出合针对此类题型，考生需要对文章内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，即运用逻辑推理能力推断出蕴含在文章中却理的判断和推理，即运用逻辑推理能力推断出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义。没有明说的事实及暗示的含义
14、。3 3方法方法根据文中的细节推断根据文中的细节推断(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年11考；包头：考；包头：5年年10考考)例例(2021呼和浩特阅读呼和浩特阅读C节选节选)He said he chose to do this because HIV is widespread in China.“I feel such a strong duty not only to be the first to do this,but also to set an example,”he told AP.But his actions caused many questions.Although gen
15、e editing may help to prevent disease,many people are wondering if it is safe and ethical to use it on humans.典例剖析典例剖析49.According to the story,we know that gene editing _A.is supported by the writerB.is good for wealthy peopleC.causes some heated argumentD.has been used widely in the UK 剖析：题干意为：根据这
16、个故事，我们知道基因编辑剖析：题干意为：根据这个故事，我们知道基因编辑_。根据节选第二段根据节选第二段“But his actions caused many questions.Although gene editing may help to prevent disease，many people are wondering if it is safe and ethical to use it on humans.”可推可推知，基因编辑引发了热议。故选知，基因编辑引发了热议。故选C。Paragraph 3(2021烟台阅读烟台阅读C节选节选)Andreas Urban,the chair
17、man(主席主席)of Berlin Go Association,discovered a book on Go accidentally.“I tried to understand the rules,but I couldnt,”said Urban.Schreiber,the vice chairman,was introduced to the game 16 years ago by a classmate.“The first time I played Go,I even couldnt understand the rules,”he said.But both of th
18、em found the game more and more interesting after practice.方法训练方法训练“I advise children to learn Go.They can learn that there is always someone stronger and its OK to lose.They can also learn how to improve from their mistakes and say tomorrow will be better than today,”said Schreiber.()3.Schreiber ad
19、vises children to learn Go because _A.its easy for children to play it wellB.few children can face failure bravelyC.children can learn a lot from playing itD.its the best way to win for their countryCParagraph 4(2021安徽阅读安徽阅读B节选节选)“Mike does well in all subjects,”his mother said.“When he has difficul
20、ties,he will try to find a way out.”His father was satisfied with Mikes nonacademic(非学业的非学业的)achievements.“They mean much more,”his father said.()4.What can we learn about Mikes parents?A.They are proud of their son Mike.B.They help Mike with all subjects.C.They care more about Mikes grades.D.They w
21、ork in the same company.A根据作者的思想倾向和感情色彩判断观点态度根据作者的思想倾向和感情色彩判断观点态度4 4方法方法例例(2021呼和浩特阅读呼和浩特阅读C节选节选)Some believe that gene editing could be useful to HIV patients.HIV is“a large and growing public health problem”,according to Harvard Medical School genetic professor George Church.Using gene editing for
22、 HIV is“a good idea”,Church told AP.典例剖析典例剖析47.Who agreed that gene editing could be helpful to HIV patients?A.George Church.B.Julian Savulescu.C.Marcy Darnovsky.D.Chinese researchers.剖析：题干意为剖析：题干意为“谁赞成基因编辑对艾滋病患者有作用？谁赞成基因编辑对艾滋病患者有作用？”由本由本段最后一句段最后一句“Using gene editing for HIV is a good idea,Church to
23、ld AP.”可知可知George Church赞成基因编辑对艾滋病患者有用。赞成基因编辑对艾滋病患者有用。故选故选A。Paragraph 5(2021云南省卷阅读云南省卷阅读A节选节选)“The little bamboo tree had been growing underground in the past four years,developing a root strong enough for its ground growth(生长生长)in the fifth year.If it hadnt done this,it would not be so strong.So yo
24、u know,all the time you were struggling,you were actually growing strong roots.”the old man said.Finally,the man thanked the old man deeply.Then he left the forest with the hope for life.方法训练方法训练()5.The young man felt _ after hearing what the old man said to him.A.sad B.disappointedC.hopeful D.nervo
25、usC根据文章的体裁和内容判断文章出处根据文章的体裁和内容判断文章出处(包头：包头：5年年4考考)5 5方法方法典例剖析典例剖析例例(2021包头阅读包头阅读C)School uniforms are traditional in Britain.Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform,nobody has to worry about fashion and they feel that they
26、 belong to a group.Some people believe that a school uniform can help students pay attention to schoolwork.But some schools in Britain and other countries are starting to drop the traditional uniforms.An Australian school has decided to drop its traditional school uniform,hoping new sportswear will
27、encourage students to take part in more activities.School headmaster Elisabeth Lenders said the uniform change had been in the works for several years.“We decided that in 20222023,”she said.“The importance is clear:to make young people live happy,healthy lives.”Ms.Lenders said World Health Organizat
28、ion research reported 90 percent of young Australians and New Zealanders were not getting the minimum(最小的最小的)daily levels of activity they needed in order to lead a healthy life.As well as the new uniform,she said the school would change timetables to make sure there would be chances for students to
29、 take part in physical activity every day.Ms.Lenders said in the past,a uniform was about all looking the same but in the 21st century it was important for students to be able to choose clothes that they liked.And this Australian school had made an online survey about the uniform change and had rece
30、ived great support from parents and students.Tara,mother of Ava in Year 7,said it was a great move from the school.“These are the challenges of our time,and we want young people to think about them,”she said.“It is bigger than just throwing out the old uniform.Its about what the role of education is
31、 about.And for me its helping young people to live a happy,healthy and productive life.”61.Where is the text probably from?A.A novel.B.A guidebook.C.A newspaper.D.A book review.剖析：题干意为：这篇文章可能来自哪里？从文章介绍世界各剖析：题干意为：这篇文章可能来自哪里？从文章介绍世界各地学校开始废除传统校服及澳大利亚一所学校对于校服改变的地学校开始废除传统校服及澳大利亚一所学校对于校服改变的故事，可推断这是报纸中一篇介绍
32、校服变化的报道。而故事，可推断这是报纸中一篇介绍校服变化的报道。而A项小项小说，说，B项指南和项指南和D项书评都不符合。故选项书评都不符合。故选C。Paragraph 6(2021安徽阅读安徽阅读A)If you have problems describing people,dont worry!Well use popular film characters(角色角色)to help you learn some useful words.方法训练方法训练NaiveMeaning:If someone is naive,they have little experience and bel
33、ieve good things will always happen.Example:In the film Elf,Buddy is a naive person who grows up with elves(精灵精灵).One day,he goes to New York City but finds things very different there.Director:David BerenbaumLoyalMeaning:If youre loyal,you always give support to a person or a group and help them an
34、d act honestly.Example:In the film Toy Story,Woody is loyal to his friends and owner,Andy.He stays with Andy,even when Andy grows up and goes to college.Director:John LasseterDemandingMeaning:If someone is demanding,they are not easily satisfied or pleased.Example:In the film The Devil Wears Prada,M
35、iranda is very demanding.She always works very hard,and expects others to do the same.Director:David FrankelTalentedMeaning:If youre talented,you have a natural ability to do something well.Example:In the film McFarland,USA,coach White notices some talented runners in his PE class.He forms a crossco
36、untry group that races against other schools.Director:Niki Caro()6.In which part of a magazine can we read the text?A.Sport.B.Travel.C.Environment.D.Language.D微技能微技能3词义猜测词义猜测(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年6考；包头：考；包头：5年年5考考)此类题型在设置时，需要猜测的词汇均为生难词汇或俗语此类题型在设置时，需要猜测的词汇均为生难词汇或俗语谚语，考生需要重点掌握根据上下文推测生词、短语或句子意谚语，考生需要重点掌握根据上下文推
37、测生词、短语或句子意思的技巧，并积累常见的俗语谚语。思的技巧，并积累常见的俗语谚语。根据上下文语境猜测词义根据上下文语境猜测词义(呼和浩特：呼和浩特：5年年3考；包头：考；包头：5年年5考考)6 6方法方法根据上下文语境猜测词义是词义根据上下文语境猜测词义是词义/组猜测题中最常见的一种组猜测题中最常见的一种解题方法。考生可参考以下方法：解题方法。考生可参考以下方法：(1)仔细阅读生难单词或生难短语前后的语句，利用上下文仔细阅读生难单词或生难短语前后的语句，利用上下文提供的情境和线索进行符合逻辑的综合分析；提供的情境和线索进行符合逻辑的综合分析；(2)分析已知信息与生难词之间的关系，分析已知信息
38、与生难词之间的关系，猜测生难词的含义，猜测生难词的含义，或者句子的隐含意思，或者句子的隐含意思，从而得出答案。从而得出答案。典例剖析典例剖析例例(2021包头阅读包头阅读B节选节选)“Thats what its all about!Neighbors are helping neighbors.Job well done！”one user wrote,with another adding，“It was very kind of you firefighters to spend your free time helping someone in need.Thank you so mu
39、ch for the service that you do in saving people.”“Great to take care of those in need，”a user wrote.“What a nice gesture on your days off.Thank you.”55.What does the underlined word“gesture”in the paragraph probably mean?A.behavior.B.story.C.guest.D.culture.剖析：题干意为：本段中画线单词剖析：题干意为：本段中画线单词“gesture”可能是
40、什么意思？根可能是什么意思？根据节选第一段最后一句据节选第一段最后一句“Thank you so much for the service that you do in saving people.”中的中的“that you do in saving people”可知网友可知网友们在夸赞消防队员们在休息日做出的救助人们的行为。故选们在夸赞消防队员们在休息日做出的救助人们的行为。故选A。Paragraph 7(2021昆明阅读昆明阅读B节选节选)In early June 2011,17yearold Felicia got hit by a car.When she woke up in
41、the hospital,she found both of her legs were missing.However,Felicia didnt quit trying to achieve her dream.She wanted to get back on the horse.She had ridden as a little girl and decided in the hospital to try again.She wasnt sure if she would be able to.But after ten weeks training,she could ride
42、once again!方法训练方法训练()7.What does the underlined word“quit”in the passage probably mean?A.Keep.B.Enjoy.C.Begin.D.Stop.D通过生活常识猜测词义通过生活常识猜测词义在阅读有关日常生活或大家比较熟悉的事物的文章时，有些生在阅读有关日常生活或大家比较熟悉的事物的文章时，有些生词我们可以利用科普知识和生活常识来推测其含义。已有的生活经词我们可以利用科普知识和生活常识来推测其含义。已有的生活经验或常识，往往会给阅读理解提供有力的支持。借助已有的，推测验或常识，往往会给阅读理解提供有力的支持。
43、借助已有的，推测陌生的，这就上升到了能力的提高，使生词的破解成为了可能。陌生的，这就上升到了能力的提高，使生词的破解成为了可能。7 7方法方法典例剖析典例剖析例例(2021呼和浩特阅读呼和浩特阅读C节选节选)But his actions caused many questions.Although gene editing may help to prevent disease,many people are wondering if it is safe and ethical to use it on humans.48.The underlined word“ethical”in th
44、e passage probably means“_”A.合乎常情的合乎常情的B.道德的道德的C.有价值的有价值的 D.有效的有效的剖析：由常识可知人们会怀疑基因编辑技术是否符合道德。剖析：由常识可知人们会怀疑基因编辑技术是否符合道德。故选故选B。Paragraph 8(2021怀化阅读怀化阅读B节选节选)Long ago in a small village,there was a place known as the House of 1,000 Mirrors.A happy little dog decided to visit this place.When he arrived,h
45、e jumped up the stairs of the House.His ears were raised high and his tail was wagging as fast as it could.To his surprise,he saw 1,000 happy dogs in the mirrors.They wagged their tails as fast as his tail.He smiled a big smile.He saw 1,000 friendly smiles.方法训练方法训练As he left,he thought to himself,“T
46、his is a wonderful place.I will come back again.”()8.What does the underlined word“wagging”in the Paragraph mean?A.摇摆摇摆B.竖立竖立C下垂下垂A通过同义词或近义词猜测词义通过同义词或近义词猜测词义例例(2020呼和浩特阅读呼和浩特阅读B节选节选)“My girls couldnt stop thanking him and it made them smile and shout out to Officer Zimmerman at District 5,”Jackson s
47、aid on Facebook.“We appreciate it a lot.”8 8方法方法典例剖析典例剖析43.The underlined word“appreciate”in the passage means _A.understandB.helpC.thank D.realize剖析：题干意为：画线单词剖析：题干意为：画线单词“appreciate”在文章中的意思是在文章中的意思是_。根据前一句中的。根据前一句中的“My girls couldnt stop thanking him.”中的中的“thanking”可知可知Jackson一家都非常感谢一家都非常感谢Zimmerma
48、n。故选。故选C。Paragraph 9(2021绍兴阅读绍兴阅读C节选节选)Living in a village provides him with unique experiences,he says,quite different from busy life in big cities,such as Shanghai,where he studies.And he has been a pleasant surprise to the villagers as well.Villager Bao Mingyue,76,says,“To our surprise,the young
49、Russian not only knows how to cook Chinese food but is interested in working in the fields.”()9.The underlined word“unique”probably means“_”A.common B.specialC.similar D.hard方法训练方法训练B通过举例法猜测词义通过举例法猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。比如根据恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。比如根据such as,for example,like等词的前后，或者是根据破折号前后内容猜等词的前后，或者是根
50、据破折号前后内容猜测出画线单词的意思。测出画线单词的意思。9 9方法方法例例(2022呼和浩特阅读呼和浩特阅读C节选节选)Some doctors now think that the inside fat around important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the outside fat which can be noticed more easily.典例剖析典例剖析47.What does the underlined word“organs”in the paragraph mean?A.地位
