1、Unit 5 section B一、 知识点讲解1、 be covered with 由.覆盖；被.覆盖 例句：In winter,the earth iscoveredwithsnow. 冬天，地球被雪覆盖。【拓展】cover.with. 用.覆盖.例句：Coverthe foodwitha cloth. 用一块布把食物罩起来。【例题】The mountains with trees in a few years.A . are covered B . are covering C . will cover D . will be covered【答案】D【解析】句意：几年后这些山将被树木覆
2、盖。考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“in a few years”可知，句子时态是一般将来时，排除选项A和B；主语“The mountains”与谓语动词“cover”构成被动关系，因此用一般将来时的被动语态：主语+will be done。故选D。2、lively adj. 生气勃勃的；(色彩)鲜艳的 例句：She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination. 她是个充满活力的年轻女子，既有耐心又有想象力。【辨析】lively，living，live与alivelively生气勃勃的；(色彩)鲜艳的常作前置定语、表语或宾语补足语
3、既可指人，又可指物living活着的，强调说明健在常作表语或定语多用于指物，也可指人live读作/laIv/时，意为活的一般作定语一般只修饰物，不修饰人alive活着的，侧重生与死之间的界限常作表语、宾语补足语或后置定语多用于指人，也可指物例句：The lecture is very lively. 这个讲座很生动。 例句：The old woman is still living. 那位老妇人仍然健在。例句：Dont touch it. Its a live snake. 别碰它，它是一条活蛇。例句：She was alive when they took her to the hospit
4、al. 他们把她送往医院时，她还活着。【例题】Hes still .He isnt_.A . die; alive B . dead; alive C. death; lively【答案】B【解析】句意：他没死。他还活着。考查形容词。die死，动词；alive活着的，形容词；dead死的，形容词；death死亡，名词；lively活泼的，形容词。两空都作表语，应用形容词形式，排除A/C选项，故选B。3、be used for. 被用来(做)表示用途或目的，其后常接名词或动词-ing形式，相当于be used to do sth.。例句：Clothes are used for keeping
5、(to keep) warm. 衣服用来保暖。【辨析】be used for, be used as与be used bybe used for 被用来 . for表示用途或目的，后常接名词或动词-ing形式be used as 被用作. as是介词，意为作为，其后一般接名词，强调用途be used by 被.用 by是介词，意为被；由，后接动作的执行者例句：Knives are used for cutting things. 刀子是用来切东西的。例句：The box is used as a table. 这个箱子被用作桌子。例句：The tools are used by the wor
6、kers in the factory. 这家工厂的工人使用这些工具。【例题】Most smartphones can be used word processing.Thats true. My iPhone 8 is often used a minicomputer.A . for; for B. for;as C.to:as D.to;for【答案】B【解析】句意：大多数智能手机都可以用于文字处理。这是真的。我的iPhone 8经常被用作小型电脑。考查介词辨析。for用来，与used的搭配be used for sth“被用来”；as作为，与used的搭配be used as“被当作”
7、；to到，与used的搭配be used to do sth被用来做某事。根据“Most smartphones can be used .word processing”可知，第一空后接的是名词短语，且表示被用作什么用途，故第一空应填for。根据“My iPhone 8 is often used . a minicomputer”可知，第二空表示被用作小型电脑，故第二空填as，故选B。4、 competitor n. 参赛者；竞争者 例句：One of the competitors is from Germany. 其中一个参赛者来自德国。【拓展】compete v. 比赛 compet
8、ition n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争例句：There will be a chess competition next week. 下个星期有一场国际象棋比赛。5、一般现在时的被动语态1. 被动语态的含义 在英语中有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。含义例句说明主动语态主语是动作的执行者Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。谓语speak这一动作是由主语many people来执行的被动语态主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象English is spoken by many people.英语被
9、许多人讲。主语English是speak这一动作的承受者2. 被动语态的构成 被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。3. 被动语态的用法：当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，只需要强调动作的承受者，可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者时一般用介词by引出。例句：Chinese is spolen by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上为最多人所讲的语言。4. 一般现在时的被动语态（1）一般现在时的被动语态的构成：在一般现在时态的句子中，被动语态由be
10、(am/is/are) + 及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be随人称、数的变化而改变。例句：This knife is made of wood and metal. 这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。来源:Z+xx+（2）主动语态改写成被动语态的方法：将主动句的宾语变成主语，将主动句的谓语变成be + 及物动词的过去分词，主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语（或省略）。主动句：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语被动句：主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 宾语Most middle school students play football. 主语 谓语 宾语Football is playe
11、d by most middle school students.大部分中学生踢足球。【警示】如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态) 我的老师给我许多书。主语 谓语 间宾 直宾被动语态：I am given a lot of books by my teacher.被动语态：A lot of books are given to me by my teacher.(1) 一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化：结构例句肯定句主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他.T
12、he kite is made by Mary. 这个风筝是玛丽做的。一般疑问句及其答语Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词+其他？Is the kite made by Mary? 这个风筝是玛丽做的吗？肯定回答：Yes, 主语+am/is/are.Yes, it is. 对，是的。否定回答：No, 主语+isnt/arent. 或 No, Im not.No, it isnt. 不，不是。否定句主语+ am/is/are + not +及物动词的过去分词+其他.The kite isnt made by Mary.这个风筝不是玛丽做的。（4）强调动作的承受者，而不是执行者。
13、（5）一般现在时被动语态的疑问句与否定句。 疑问句：Is/Am/Are主语过去分词其他？否定句：主语is/am/arenot过去分词其他. 来源:学科网ZXXKAre these dishes washed by your mother? 这些碟子是你妈妈洗的吗？The blackboard is not cleaned by Kate. 凯特没有擦黑板。【例题】_ this kind of question often asked in your class, Ann? A. IsB. DoesC. Has【答案】A【魔法记忆】一般现在时被动语态用法顺口溜：一般现被动用be done，be有
14、am，is和are；否定be后加not，疑问置be主语前。【助记】一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时，被动用be done，be有am，is，are。否定be后加not，疑问be放主语前。【例题】Today hundreds of works at Nanchang Haihunhou Museum.A. show B. showed C.are shown D . were shown【答案】C【解析】句意：今天，数百件作品在南昌海昏侯博物馆展出。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据时间状语“Today”可知，句子的时态是一般现在时，因此排除B、D选项；又因主语“hundredsof works”与“
15、show”是被动关系，因此是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be+动词过去分词”，因此此处填“are shown”。故选C.【例题】Whats the name of this tea? It tastes fantastic.Its Biluochun, a kind of green tea. It in Suzhou.A . produces B . produced C . is produced D . is producing【答案】C【解析】句意：这茶叫什么名字？味道太棒了。碧螺春，一种绿茶。它产自苏州。考查时态与语态，produces动词三单；produced过去式；is pr
16、oduced一般现在时的被动语态；is producing现在进行时。观察句子，主语It与动词produce的关系是：它被生产，可知应该用被动语态，故选C。二、 同步练习。（一）单项选择1What do you think of the woman?I find _ difficult to work with her.AitsBthatCthisDit2The tools are used _ the workers in the factory.AforBasCtoDby3A friend in need is a friend indeed. Crystal is my best fri
17、end. Every time Im _, she will come and help me.Ain trouble.Bin helpCwith troubleDin hope4What a dirty room it is! The desks and chairs are all covered _ dust (灰尘). We should clean it at once!AforBbyCwithDof5The mid-1970s are seen _ a cultural wasteland for rock music.AforBwithCasDto6The scientist s
18、ays it _ about eight minutes for the light to travel from the sun to the earth.ApaysBcostsCspendsDtakes7Do you believe that paper is made _ wood?Yes. And you can see that books are made _ paper.Aof; fromBfrom; ofCof; ofDfrom; from8Can you help me _ the time for all the flights to Beijing?Alook forBl
19、ook afterCfind outDfind9Why does the earth look blue in space？Because most of the earths surface _ by the ocean.AcoversBis coveredCcoverDare covered10As far as we know, roses are seen _ love.AforBwithCasDto（二）完形填空The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival. “Chong” i
20、n Chinese _11_ “double”. Whats more, “double ninth” was pronounced the same as the word to express “forever”, so Chinese ancestors (先辈) _12_ that it was a good day. Thats why ancient Chinese began to celebrate this _13_ long ago. People follow several customs (习俗) on the Double Ninth Festival. For e
21、xample, people often put the cornel twigs (山茱萸) on their arms or heads just because they believe this plant can help them _14_ diseases. Besides, people like to climb _15_ on this day. So the Double Ninth Festival is also called “the Mountainclimbing Festival”. The weather in the 9th lunar month is
22、dry and it _16_ rains. It is a good time for sightseeing. When people stand on a height, they can enjoy the _17_ air and have a good view of the blue sky and dark green mountains.The Double Ninth Cake is also known as “flower cake”. It is said that the cake was _18_ the farmers after the autumn harv
23、est at first. Thats because farmers wanted to _19_ the food that they got in autumn. Then gradually it became the cake for people to eat on the Double Ninth Festival. The Double Ninth Festival is a festival for the _20_. People get together to show their love for their parents or their grandparents.
24、11AmeansBfollowsCbecomesDnames12ArememberedBarguedCconsideredDregretted13AactivityBfestivalCcultureDvacation14Atake part inBlook forward toCpay attention toDstay away from15AtreesBstonesCrocksDmountains16AhardlyBsuddenlyCprobablyDcertainly17AfreeBdirtyCdeepDfresh18Alooked forBprepared forCwaited for
25、Dasked for19AtasteBsoundCsmellDtouch20AyoungBoldCrichDpoor（三）阅读单选The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea（地中海）. It began during the Western Han Dynasty and has been a bridge between East and West for over 2, 000 years. The ancient ro
26、ad started from Changan (now Xian)and ended in Eastern Europe, near todays Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea. It was about 6, 500kilometers long and went across one-fourth of the planet. The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk used to be carried along this road. Silk, jade
27、, ceramics and iron went west to Rome. And from the West came glass, gems and food like carrots. The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world. It was more than an ancient international trade route. Besides trade, knowledge about arts, science and literature, as well craft
28、s and technologies was shared across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed and influenced each other. Today, China is trying to build the “21st Century Marine（海洋的）Silk Road”. With the help of APEC held in Beijing in November 2014, the dream of the One Belt One Road（the “Silk R
29、oad Economic Belt” and “21st Century Marine Silk Road”）（一带一路）is coming true.21The underlined word “route” in Paragraph 1 probably means _.A方式B路线C成就D关系22When did the Silk Road begin?AIn the 19th century .BIn the 18th century.CDuring the Western Han Dynasty.DIn the Eastern Dynasty.23How long was the a
30、ncient Silk Road?AIt was about 6, 500meters long.BIt was about 5, 0000 kilometers long.CIt went across one-third of the planet.DIt went across one-fourth of the planet.24Why was it named the Silk Road?ABecause Chinese silk was carried along this road.BBecause Chinese silk was produced along this roa
31、d.CBecause things were traded from market to market along the road.DBecause the ancient traders bought and sold things along the road.25It can be inferred from this passage that _.Athe Silk Road was the only an ancient international trade routeBmany new silk roads have been built by the Chinese gove
32、rnment so farCthe Silk Road was a very important line of communication connecting East and WestDthe Silk Road prevented the development of languages and cultures between East and WestThe Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. So it is also called the Double Ninth Festiva
33、l. To celebrate the day, people usually climb mountains and enjoy chrysanthemum (菊花), so the festival is also known as the Height Ascending (登高) Festival or the Chrysanthemum Festival. Nine has the similar pronunciation (jiu) with “forever” in Chinese. So the Chinese government set the day as the Se
34、niors Day in 1989.During the Warring States Period, there was the Chongyang Festival. But it was only celebrated in the imperial palace (皇宫). From the Han Dynasty, it began to be popular among the common people. During the Jin Dynasty, there were customs of enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking wines
35、on the day. It was not officially set as a festival until the Tang Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, people in the imperial palace all ate flower cakes and climbed the mountain to celebrate. Climbing the mountain has been a kind of custom since the Western Han Dynasty.Chrysanthemum means long
36、 life, so enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking chrysanthemum tea are also popular. Inserting Zhuyu and sticking chrysanthemum are also traditions to avoid the bad as they have special smells which can repel (驱逐) insects and keep out the cold.Eating Chongyang cakes is another tradition on the festival
37、. There is no fixed way of the cake. But the one with nine layers (层) with two sheep on it is the best. Two sheep mean Chongyang. Nine layers show people could do well in everything.26How many other names does the Chongyang Festival have?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.27Whats the meaning of the underlined w
38、ord “officially”?A民间B官方C工厂D办公室28How did the people in the imperial palace celebrate the Chongyang Festival in the Ming and Qing dynasties?AEating flower cakes.BClimbing the mountain.CEnjoying chrysanthemum and drinking.DBoth A and B29What do two sheep on the Chongyang cakes mean?AHealth.BWealth.CCho
39、ngyang.DHappiness.30Whats the best title for the passage?AThe Chongyang FestivalBSome other names of the Chongyang FestivalCThe reason of celebrating the Chongyang FestivalDThe meaning of chrysanthemumIf you walk through a park in the morning or in the evening, you might see a lot of people doing th
40、ese slow and beautiful movements Carry the tiger over the mountain and White crane spreads its wings. In fact, they are doing Taichi.Taichi is an ancient martial art (武术). It is a common kind of exercise in China. More than 100 million people in over 150 countries practice Taichi at present. Recentl
41、y UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) has added Taichi to its Intangible Cultural Heritage List (非物质文化遗产名录). Many taichi fans were happy to hear of it. “This will make taichi more popular around the world. Hopefully, more people will become healthier by practicing it.” said Chen Bin. He is a Taichi master from the vi
42、llage of Chenjiagou, Henan Province. This village is the birthplace of Chen-style Taichi.Its true that doing Taichi is good for our health. It can make us walk and move more freely, and it can also make us stronger. During slow movements, we can focus on (专注) our hands and feet. We can control them
43、better. Slow movements also help us to take deep and long breaths.Taichi also focuses on the harmony (和谐) between yin (阴) and yang (阳). It shows how the ancient Chinese people saw the world. The world is full of yin and yang: dark and light, soft and hard, female and male. But they dont oppose (对立)
44、each other absolutely (绝对地). As we see in the picture, a white spot is in the black area and a black spot is in the white area. After a dark night, the sun will rise. Leaves fall in autumn but grow in spring. Everything keeps changing that is how we should see the world.Taichi carries traditional Ch
45、inese philosophy (哲学), such as being in harmony with nature and using softness to beat hardness. It has become a symbol of Chinese culture.31How many people practice Taichi in the world now?AAbout 10 million.BLess than 150 thousand.CAt most 100 thousand.DMore than 100 million.32Which of the following words can best describe the movements of Taichi?ASlow and beautiful.BSlow and exciting.CFast and free. DStrong and tiring.33Why has Taichi been added to Intangible Cultural Heritage L
