1、 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-1 2019 年年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题月大学英语六级考试真题(第第 3 套套) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of community responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. _ _ _
2、_ _ _ Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 说明：由于 2019 年 12 月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只 是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a
3、list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use an
4、y of the words in the bank more than once. The number of devices you can talk to is multiplyingfirst it was your phone, then your car, and now you can tell your kitchen appliances what to do. But even without gadgets that understand our spoken commands, research suggests that, as bizarre as it sound
5、s, under certain 26 , people regularly ascribe human traits to everyday objects. Sometimes we see things as human because we are 27 . In one experiment, people who reported feeling isolated were more likely than others to attribute 28 to various gadgets. In turn, feeling close to objects can 29 lone
6、liness. When college students were reminded of a time they had been 30 in a social setting, they compensated by exaggerating their number of friendsunless they were first given tasks that caused them to interact with their phone as if it had human qualities. According to the researchers, the partici
7、pants phones 31 substituted for real friends. At other times, we personify products in an effort to understand them. One study found that three in four respondents yelled at their computer. Further, the more their computer gave them problems, the more likely the respondents were to report that it ha
8、d its own “beliefs and 32 .” So how do people assign traits to an object? In part, we rely on looks. On humans, wide faces are 33 with dominance. Similarly, people rated cars, clocks, and watches with wide faces as more dominant-looking than narrow-faced ones, and preferred themespecially in 34 situ
9、ations. An analysis of car sales in Germany found that cars with gills that were upturned like smiles sold best. The purchasers saw this 35 as increasing a cars friendliness. 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-2 Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to
10、it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Why More
11、 Farmers are Switching to Grass-Fed Meat and Dairy A) Though he didnt come from a farming family, from a young age Tim Joseph was fascinated by the idea of living off the land. Reading magazines like The Stockman Grass Farmer and Graze, he got hooked on the idea of grass-fed agriculture. The idea th
12、at all energy and wealth comes from the sun really intrigued him He thought the shorter the distance between the sun and the end product, the higher the profit to the farmer. B) Joseph wanted to put this theory to the test. In 2009, he and his wife Laura launched Maple Hill Creamery, an organic, all
13、 grass-fed yogurt company in northern New York. He quickly learned what the market has demonstrated: Demand for grass-fed products currently exceeds supply. Grass-fed beef is enjoying a 25-30% annual growth rate. Sales of grass-fed yogurt and kefir on the other hand, have in the last year increased
14、by over 38%. This is in comparison with a drop of just under 1% in the total yogurt and kefir market according to natural and organic market research company SPINS. Josephs top priority became getting his hands on enough grass-fed milk to keep customers satisfied, since his own 64-cow herd wasnt goi
15、ng to suffice. C) His first partnership was with Paul and Phyllis Amburgh, owners of the Dharma Lea farm in New York. The Amburghs, too, were true believers in grass-fed. In addition to supplying milk from their own 85-head herd, they began to help other farmers in the area convent from conventional
16、 to certified organic and grass-fed in order to enter the Maple Hill supply chain. Since 2010, the couple has helped 125 small dairy farms convert to grass-fed, with more than 80% of those farms coming on board during the last two years. D) All this conversion has helped Maple Hill grow 40-50% every
17、 year since it began with no end in sight. Joseph has learned that a farmer has to have a certain mindset to successfully convert. But convincing open-minded dairy people is actually not that hard, when you look at the economics. Grass-fed milk can fetch up to 2.5 times the price of conventional mil
18、k. Another factor is the squeeze that conventional dairy farmers have felt as the price of grain they feed their cows has gone up, tightening their profit margins. By replacing expensive grain feed with regenerative management A. alleviate I. desires B. apparently J. excluded C. arrogant K. feature
19、D. associated L. lonely E. circumstances M. separate F. competitive N. spectacularly G. conceded O. warrant H. consciousness 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-3 practices, grass-fed farmers are insulated from jumps in the price of feed. These practices include grazing animals on grasses grown from the pastureland
20、s natural seed bunk, and fertilized by the cows own fertilizer. E) Champions of this type of regenerative grazing also point to its animal welfare, climate and health benefits: Grass-fed animals live longer out of confinement. Grazing herds stimulate microbial (微生 物的) activity in the soil, helping t
21、o capture water and separate carbon. And grass-fed dairy and meat have been shown to be higher in certain nutrients and healthy fats. F) In the grass fed system, farmers are also not subject to the wildly fluctuating milk prices of the international commodity market. The unpredictability of global d
22、emand and the lag-time it takes to add more cows to a herd to meet demand can result in events like the recent cheese surplus. Going grass-fed is a safe refuge, a way for family-scale farms to stay viable. Usually a farmer will get to the point where financially, what theyre doing is not working. Th
23、ats when they call Maple Hill. If the farm is well managed and has enough land, and the desire to convert is sincere, a relationship can begin. Through regular regional educational meetings, a large annual meeting, individual farm visits and thousands of phone calls, the Amburghs pass on the princip
24、les of pasture management. Maple Hill signs a contract pledging to buy the farmers milk at a guaranteed base price, plus quality premiums and incentives for higher protein, butter fat and other solids. G) While Maple Hills conversion program is unusually hands on and comprehensive, its just one of a
25、 growing number of businesses committed to slowly changing the way America farms. Joseph calls sharing his knowledge network through peer-to-peer learning a core piece of the companys culture. Last summer, Massachusetts grass-fed beef advocate John Smith launched Big Picture Beef, a network of small
26、 grass-fed beef farms in New England and New York that is projected to bring to market 2,500 head of cattle from 125 producers this year. Early indications are that Smith will have no shortage of farm members. Since he began to informally announce the network at farming conferences and on social med
27、ia, hes received a steady stream of inquiries from interested farmers. H) Smith says hell provide services ranging from formal seminars to on-farm workshops on holistic management, to one-on-one hand-holding and an almost 24/7 phone hotline for farmers who are converting. In exchange, he guarantees
28、an above-market price for each animal and a calf-to-customer electronic ear tag ID system like that used in the European Union. I) Though advocates portray grass fed products as a win-win situation for all, they do have downsides. Price, for one, is an issue. Joseph says his products are priced 10-2
29、0% above organic versions, but depending on the product chosen, compared to non-organic conventional yogurt, consumers could pay a premium of 30-50% or more for grass-fed. As for the meat, Smith says his grass-fed hamburger will be priced 20-25% over the conventional alternative. But a look at the p
30、rices on online grocer Fresh Direct suggests a grass-fed premium of anywhere from 35-60%. J) And not every farmer has the option of going grass-fed. For both beef and dairy production it requires, at least in the beginning, more pastureland. Grass-fed beef production tends to be more labor-intensive
31、 as well. But Smith counters that if you factor in the hidden cost of government corn subsidies, environment degradation, and decreased human health and animal welfare, grass-fed is the more cost-effective model. “The sun provides the lowest cost of production and the cheapest meat,” he says. K) Ano
32、ther grass-fed booster spurring farmers to convert is EPIC, which makes meat-based protein bars. Founders Taylor Collins and his wife, Katie Forrest, used to be endurance athletes; now theyre advocates of grass-fed meat. Soon after launching EPICS most successful product - the Bison Bacon 2019-12-CE
33、T6(第 3 套)-4 Cranberry Bar-Collins and Forrest found theyd exhausted their sources for bison raised exclusively on pasture. When they started researching the supply chain, they learned that only 2-3% of all bison is actually grass-fed. The rest is feed-lot confined and fed grain and corn. L) But afte
34、r General Mills bought EPIC in 2016, Collins and Forrest suddenly had the resources they needed to expand their supply chain. So the company teamed up with Wisconsin-based rancher Northstar Bison. EPIC fronted the money for the purchase of $2.5 million worth of young bison that will be raised accord
35、ing to its grass-fed protocols, with a guaranteed purchase price. The message to young people who might not otherwise be able to afford to break into the business is, “You can purchase this $3 million piece of land here, because Im guaranteeing you today youll have 1,000 bison on it. Were bringing n
36、ew blood into the old, conventional farming ecosystem, which is really cool to see,” Collins explains. 36. Farmers going grass-fed are not affected by the ever-changing milk prices of the global market. 37. Over the years, Tim Josephs partners have helped many dairy farmers to switch to grass-fed. 3
37、8. One advocate believes that many other benefits should be taken into consideration when we assess the cost-effectiveness of grass-fed farming. 39. Many dairy farmers were persuaded to switch to grass-fed when they saw its advantage in terms of profits. 40. Tim Josephs grass-fed program is only one
38、 example of how American farming practice is changing. 41. Tim Joseph was fascinated by the notion that sunlight brings energy and wealth to mankind. 42. One problem with grass-fed products is that they are usually more expensive than conventional ones. 43. Grass fed products have proved to be healt
39、hier and more nutritious. 44. When Tim Joseph started his business, he found grass-fed products fell short of demand. 45. A snack bar producer discovered that the supply of purely grass-fed bison met was scarce. Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by
40、some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage
41、. Schools are not just a microcosm of society: they mediate it too. The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outsideat once sheltering them and broadening their horizons. This is ambitious in any circumstances an
42、d in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright. Trips that many adults would consider the adventure of a lifetimetreks in Borneo, a sports tour to Barbadosappear to have become almost routine at some state schools. Parents are being asked for thousands of pounds. Though schools
43、 cannot profit from these trips, the companies that arrange them do. Meanwhile, pupils arrive at school hungry because their families cant afford breakfast. The Child Poverty Action Group says nine out of 30 in every classroom fall below the poverty line. The discrepancy is startlingly apparent. Int
44、roducing a fundraising requirement for students does not help, as better-off children can tap up richer aunts and neighbors. Probing the rock pools of a local beach or practicing French on a language exchange can fire 2019-12-CET6(第 3 套)-5 childrens passions, boost their skills and open their eyes t
45、o lifes possibilities. Educational outings help bright but disadvantaged students to get better scores in A-level tests. In this globalised age, there is a good case for international travel and some parents say they can manage the cost of a school trip abroad more easily than a family holiday. Even
46、 in the face of immense and mounting financial pressures some schools have shown remarkable determination and ingenuity in ensuring that all their pupils are able to take up opportunities that may be truly life-changing. They should be applauded. Methods such as whole-school fundraising, with the pr
47、oceeds pooled, can help to extend opportunities and fuel community spirit. But 3,000 trips cannot be justified when the average income for families with children is just over 30,000. Such initiatives close doors for many pupils. Some parents pull their children out of school because of expensive field trips. Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind. The Department for Educations guidance says
