1、 - 1 - 汾阳二中汾阳二中 20182018-20192019 学年第一学期学年第一学期 高一月考英语试题高一月考英语试题 客观卷客观卷 （100100 分）分） 第一部分第一部分 阅读理解（两节阅读理解（两节 共共 2020 小题，每小题小题，每小题 3 3 分，满分分，满分 6060 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,A, B,B, C C 和和 D D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑将该项涂黑。 （共（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3 30 0 分）分） A
2、 You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(18601935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams
3、helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(19071964) If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environ
4、mental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans. Sandra Day OConnor(1930present) When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford L
5、aw School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员)and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks(19132005) O
6、n December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was
7、tired of giving in,” said Parks. 1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A. Her social work. B .Her teaching skills. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background. 2. What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm? - 2 - A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. He
8、r little work experience in court. C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions. 3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.? A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor. D. Rosa Parks. 4. What can we infer about the women mentioned
9、in the text? A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative. C. They are pioneers（先锋，先驱）. D. They are peace-lovers. B B Although his 1-year-old smart-phone still works perfectly, Li Jijia already feels the need to replace it. “There are many better ones available now. Its time to upgrade(更新
10、）my phone.” Lis impatience is shared by many. Shortly after the season when new products are released（发布，发售）, many consumers feel the urge to upgrade their electronic equipment, even though the ones they have still work just fine. As consumers minds are occupied by Apples newly released products and
11、 debate whether the Google tablet is better than the new Amazon Kindle, it might be time to take a step back and ask: “Do we really need the latest upgrades?” According to Donald Norman, an American author, “planned obsolescence (淘汰）” is the trick behind the upgrading culture of todays consumer elec
12、tronics industry. Electronics producers strategically release new upgrades periodically, both for hardware and software, so that customers on every level feel the need to buy the newest version. “This is an old-time trick-theyre not inventing anything new,” Norman said. “This is a wasteful system th
13、rough which companies-many of them producing personal electronics- release poor-quality products simply because they know that, in six months or a year, theyll put out a new one.” But the new psychology of consumers is part of this system, as Norman admitted, “We now want something new, something pr
14、etty, the next shiny thing.” In its most recent year, Apples profit margin(利润) was more than 21 percent. At Hewlett-Packard, the worlds biggest PC maker, it was only 7 percent. Apples annual upgrades of its products create sales of millions of units as owners of one years MacBook or iPhone line up t
15、o buy the newest version（版本）, even when the changes are slight. As to Li Jijia, the need for upgrading his smart-phone comes mainly from friends and - 3 - classmates. When they are switching to the latest equipment, he worries about feeling left out. “Some games require better hardware to run,” said
16、 Li. “If you dont join in, you lose part of the connection to your friends.” 5. Whats the authors attitude towards peoples greed for new products? A. Supportive（支持的） B. Optimistic.（乐观的） C. Critical（批评的）. D. Unclear. 6. How do the electronics companies successfully promote their latest products? A. T
17、hey make full use of the “planned obsolescence” strategy. B. They make a fool of customers by recycling their old products. C. They control the customers way of thinking while shopping. D. They invent new products to attract the youth like Li Jijia. 7. Why is Apple Company interested in producing la
18、test version of its product? A. To provide customers with better service. B. To defeat other competitors like Hewlett-Packard. C. To establish a favorable image of itself among its customers. D. To make huge profits（利润） out of its business. 8. It can be inferred （推断）from the last paragraph that Li J
19、ijia feels the need to replace his smart-phone as a result of_. A. new psychology B. peer pressure C. life style D. friends expectation C C When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days. It goes like this: You cant take any means of transportation more than once. We w
20、ould start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. Wed take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didnt like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At t
21、he end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Moms friend was waiting to give us a ride homeour first car ride of the day. The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that depend
22、ing on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidencethe product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels. Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are jus
23、t light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more - 4 - tool in the toolboxand often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet. On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the tra
24、nsportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? Ho
25、w do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction, wheres the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river? Im writing this right now on an airplane, a means we didnt try on our Transportation Days and, we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My multimodal mom met m
