1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句 1定义：定义： 2.先行词：先行词： 3.关系代词、关系副词：关系代词、关系副词： 在复合句中用来用来修饰名词 或代词的从句叫定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫 先行词（antecedent）。 引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词 关系代词关系代词： 关系副词：关系副词： Who, whom, whose, which, that等等 When, where, why等等 关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1、引导作用、引导作用 2、替代作用、替代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用 Eg: 1
2、.Those who want to go please sign your names here. 2.This is the house where he was born. 3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions. 关系代词的用法关系代词的用法 指指 代代 所作成分所作成分 是否可省略是否可省略 That Which Who Whom whose 人；物人；物 物物 人人 人人 人、物人、物 主语；宾语主语；宾语 主语；宾语主语；宾语 主语；宾语主语；宾语 宾语宾语 定语定语 作宾语可省作宾语可省 作宾语可
3、省作宾语可省 作宾语可省作宾语可省 可省可省 不可省不可省 关系副词的用法关系副词的用法 指代指代 所作成分所作成分 是否可省略是否可省略 When Where why 时间时间 状语状语 否否 地点地点 状语状语 否否 原因原因 状语状语 否否 判断下列引导词在句中的用法判断下列引导词在句中的用法 Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie. 2. He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from. 3. A dictionary is a book which often helps us
4、to know the meanings of the words. 4. This is the film which I like best. 5. The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends. 指代指代、所作成分所作成分、是否可省略是否可省略 6. The house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon. 7. It was 11 oclock when the accident happened last night. 8.
5、 This is the village where I was brought up. 关系代词which和that的区别： A.关系代词必须用that的情形： This is the best film that I have ever seen. The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher. This is the only ticket that I got yesterday. This is the very book that Im looking for. Is there anything that I can
6、 do for you? All that you have to do is to press the button. There is no time that we can waste. The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station. Summarize: 只能用只能用thatthat引导定语从句的几种情况引导定语从句的几种情况 1)先行词被先行词被序数词或形容词最高级序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。所修饰时。 2）先行词被）先行词被the only,t
7、he very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。 3)先行词是先行词是不定代词不定代词 all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等等. 4）先行词被）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some 等修饰。等修饰。 5）先行词既有）先行词既有人人又有又有物物时。时。 B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用which This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. Practice: 1.They asked hi
8、m to tell them everything _ he saw at the front. A. what B. that C. which D. where 2.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. (1992) A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 3. I dont like _ you speak to her. (1993上海上海) A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the
9、 way of which B D A Correct the following sentences: 1.This is the best film which I have seen. 2.Thats all which want to say. This is the best film that I have seen. Thats all that I want to say. 3.Is there anything which you want in this shop? 4.He talked about some writers and books which/who wer
10、e unknown to us all. 5.The room in that she lives is a large one. Is there anything that you want in this shop? He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. The room in which she lives is a large one. 关系副词when, where, why的用法 1.Do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit
11、 the museum together? Do you still remember the day on whichwe went to visit the museum together? 2.This is the factory wheremy father once worked. This is the factory in whichmy father once worked. 3.This is the reason whyhe was late. This is the reason for which he was late. Summarize: 在定语从句中关系副词都
12、等于一个适当的介词加在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加 上上which，在从句中作，在从句中作状语状语 When=in/at/on/+which; Where=in/at/on/+which; Why=for /+which Practice: 1.- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. (1999) - Is that the reason_ you had a few days off? A.why B. when C. what D. where 2.Im going to visit the school _ my mot
13、her taught physics ten years ago. A.where B. that C. which D. what 3.Do you still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing? A. which B. that C. when D. where A A C 关系副词关系副词when, where和关系代词和关系代词that, which的区分的区分 同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用wherewhere，有时使用，有时使用that/whichthat/which； 同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用同样是
14、修饰一个时间，有时使用whenwhen， 有时使用有时使用that/whichthat/which 主要看： 从句意思是否完整；完整的话需用关系副词，若意思 不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。 请比较以下句子： This is the park that we visited last year.(从句意思不完整需要从句意思不完整需要 加宾语加宾语) This is the park where we held a birthday party.（从句完整，（从句完整， 只需加上特定的关系副词）只需加上特定的关系副词） Thats the date that she wont forget f
15、or ever. Thats the date when we went to the college. I like the time that we had together. I like the time when we lived together. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 定义：定义： 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的 修饰成分，否则主句的意思不完整或不成立。 非限制性定语从句只对所修饰的词作进一步 的说明，去掉之后主句的意思照样完整。 Compare the following sentences: A man who does not try to learn fro
16、m others cant achieve much. Therere many plays (that) Id like to see. This note was left by Xiao Wu, who was just here. Yesterday Mr Brown paid a visit to Hangzhou, which is famous for its West Lake. They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them. Summarize: 1. 限制性定语从句常和先行词紧
17、密相连；非限制限制性定语从句常和先行词紧密相连；非限制 性定语从句与先行词之间常用逗号分开。性定语从句与先行词之间常用逗号分开。 2.非限制性定语从句不能用非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。来引导。 3.非限制性定语从句有时可以用来修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句有时可以用来修饰整个句子。 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句之间的 区别 种类种类 意义意义 结构要求结构要求 功能功能 引导词引导词 译法译法 限制性定语 从句 非限制性定语 从句 起限制 性作用， 指特定 的人或 物，不 可省略， 否则原 句不完 整 紧跟先 行词， 与先行 词之间 没有逗 号 修饰 先行 词 关系代 词关系 副
18、词及 that 一般 译为定语 从句 仅作 补充 说明， 若省， 原句 意思 不变 用逗号 与主句 隔开 修饰先 行词或 整个句 子 关系 代词 关系 副词 可译为并列 分句 *关系代词和人称代词关系代词和人称代词/指示代词的选择指示代词的选择 He has three sons, none of _ is a doctor. He has three sons, but none of _ is a doctor. He has three sons, _ are doctors. He has three sons; _ are doctors. A. whom B. them C. th
19、ey D. who A D B C Practice: 1._ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001) A.It B. As C. That D. What 2.He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. (1998) A. which I think is B.which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which i
20、s 3.I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. (1994 上上 海海) A. that; which B.when; which C.which; that D.when; who B A B Correct mistakes for the following sentences. 1. Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class
21、 two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant? 4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths. 5. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football. 6. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now? 7. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 8. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whom whose that are likes 去掉her 去掉it who
