1、 十年高考真题分类汇编（十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语英语 专题专题 07 动词时态和语态动词时态和语态 (2010全国卷 IT21)Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? No, I _ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你读完了 Jane Eyre 吗？ 没有, 我昨天一直做作业。可以根据句意解答, 也可以使用排除法。A 表示一段时 间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时。 题干中有 all day ye
2、sterday 时间提示为过去, 应 该选择与过去相关的时态, 排除 D。 B 为过去将来时不符合题意, C 过去完成时是过去的过 去, 使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时, 题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。 (2010全国卷 IT28)When you are home , give a call to let me know you _ safely. A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当你到家的时候, 打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。此题可以根据 句意也可以使用排除法。句
3、意为 当你到家的时候, 打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了B 选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成, 译为 已经。 同时也可以使用排除法, arrive 既可 以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用 will + do 表示将来, 因此 A 和 D 同时排除, C 为过去 完成时, 使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时, 过去完成时是过去的过去, 因此 C 也排除, 选择 B. (2010全国卷 IT32)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make
4、 C. was to be made D. had made 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在澳洲金矿的发现使千百人相信将会发财。根据选项 make fortune 译 为 发财, make 在句中需要使用被动形式, 因此排除 B 和 D, 题干中 led 提示时间为过去, 因此选择 C。be to do 译为 将会将要, was to be made 表示过去将来。 (2010全国卷 IIT9)Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. A. wear B. wears C
5、. has worn D. have worn 【答案】B 【解析】首先 the only one of . 为先行词时, 定语从句修饰的是 one, 即 one 是主语, 而非后面的复数women, 根据主谓一致的原则, 谓语动词应该用复数, 排除A, D。 另外, 从 is可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯, 因此要用一般现在时, 排除 C, 故选 A (2010全国卷 IIT15)Linda make sure the table _before the guests arrive A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting 【答案】C 【解析】Set
6、 a table 摆放桌子, tables 为主语, 故用被动结构。make sure 后一般接宾语 从句。 (2010全国卷 IIT19)Excuse me I_I was blocking your way. A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing 【答案】A 【解析】结合语境, 后文暗示过去时。 (2010上海T28)Every few years, the coal workers _ their lungs X- rayed to ensure their health. A. ar
7、e having B. have C. have had D. had had 【答案】B 【解析】根据时间状语 every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时, 因此答案选 B。 (2010上海T31)The church tower which _will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored 【答案】D 【解析】Restore 意思为修复, 而最后一句表明工程还
8、未完成, 因此为正在修复中, 答 案选 D. (2010 福 建 T28)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money- making jobs they _before leaving their hometowns. A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 【答案】D 【解析】 (2010福建T31)Guess what, weve got our visas for a short- term visit to t
9、he UK this summer. - - How nice! You_a different culture then. A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced 【答案】A 【解析】- - 猜猜看, 我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证 - - 太棒了, 你到时候将会感受到不同的文化 (2010安徽T28)- - - - Were you surprised by the ending of the film? - - - - No, I
10、_the book, so I already knew the story? A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 【答案】B 【解析】句意为 我看过书了, 已知道这个故事。在 knew前已看过, 故用过去完 成时。 (2010安徽T34)- - - - Weve spent too much money recently. - - - - well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time A. are coming B. had
11、 come C. were coming D. have been coming 【答案】D 【解析】 句意为 近来我们花了太多钱了。 - - - - 并不惊奇, 近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。 用 have been coming 表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。 (2010湖南T24)This coastal area _a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 【答案】A 【解析】根据主语 This coastal area与 name 之间的被动关系排除 B、D 两项。
12、根据 句中的 last year 判断用一般过去时, 故选 A 项。 (2010湖南T27)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone _it. Was it you? A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 【答案】B 【解析】该空动作发生在 was just going to cut 之前, 即表示过去的过去, 故用过去完 成时态。 句意为： 我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但 （发现） 有人已经将它剪切了。 是你干的吗？ (2010湖南T31)I walked slowly through
13、 the market, where people_all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold 【答案】B 【解析】根据 I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed的提示可判断此 处表示 人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜, 即表示过去某时正在发生的动作, 故选 B 项。 (2010湖南T34)
14、Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping 【答案】D 【解析】 句意为： 我现在很累。 我整个下午一直在购物, 我好像什么事都没做成似的。 由语境可判断选 D 项。 (2010江西T30)Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. A should
15、ers B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering 【答案】D 【解析】在本句 since 表示自从过去到现在, 所以用现在完成时, 现在完成进行时为 现在完成时的一种。 (2010山东T230)Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved 【答案】D 【解析】句意应为 截止到现在, 这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子
16、 的生命。up to now 是现在完成时态的标志, 所以空格处使用现在完成时态。 (2010天津T4)We_on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会。从句子的 时间状语 for four hours 和后面的句子 Lets have a rest 可知, 动作从过去发生, 到说话的时 候一直在进行着, 所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。 (20
17、10天津T10)Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited 【答案】C 【解析】句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在 2010 上海世博会的文化展览 中展出。因为 2010 年上海世博会现在还在进行着, 所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术 品也是 正在被展览, 所以用现
18、在进行时态的的被动语态形式。 (2010四川T16)一 When shall we restart our business? 一 Not until we_our plan. A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished 【答案】D 【解析】在状语从句中, 经常用一般现在时表将来时, 用现在完成时表将来完成时。 此处为 until 引导的时间状语从句, 故用现在完成时, 选 D。意为 直到我们完成我们的计 划, 我们才重新开始我们的生意。 (2010四川T18)Youve failed to do what
19、 you_to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected 【答案】D 【解析】句中 you 与 expect 存在被动关系, 首先排除 C。又有 have failed 提示应是过 去你被期盼做的事, 故应为过去时, 正确答案为 D。 (2010江苏T23)why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
20、A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting 【答案】D 【解析】我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在, 而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进 行时 (2010江苏T30)Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation? We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been
21、D. will be 【答案】C. 【解析】我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时. (2010陕西T21)I have to see the doctor because I_a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough 【答案】A. 【解析】由时间状语 lately 可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态, 且 强调其持续性, 用现在完成进行时, 选 A。 (2010陕西T24)It is reported that many a new house_at p
22、resent in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 【答案】D 【解析】 由时间状语 at present 可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行, 主语与所填词是被 动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式, 由此可知本题选 D。 (2010湖北T78)Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _（未证实）yet. (prove
23、) 【答案】had not been proved 【解析】根据句意及标志词 yet 可知应用过去完成时态。 (2010辽宁T24)Joseph _to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say Whats your name? in Russian. A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone 【答案】A 【解析】句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校, 可是他仍然不能用俄语说 你叫什么名字？。 句中 since last month, 表示 自从上个月起根据 but后的句意,
24、说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行 着, 所以要用现在完成进行时态。 (2010辽宁T22)I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我为一家人做饭, 但是最近我太忙不能做了。第一句表示现阶段的一 种状况, 所以用一般现在时态。 (2010北京T22)In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the rsounds at the
25、 end of the words_. A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 【答案】A 【解析】the rsounds 应该使用被动。 (2010北京T24)- - Im not finished with my dinner yet. - - But our friends_for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting 【答案】D 【解析】 第一个说话人说我还没吃完饭呢, 而下面的人则说但是我们的朋友们都在 等我们了根据第一个人还没进行完
26、吃饭的动作, 而第二个人又开始催促, 我们得知朋友 们此时正在等他们。所以用进行时 are waiting 更符合句意。 (2010北京T26)- Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? - - Sorry, I_myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made 【答案】D 【解析】上文说没听清是几号
27、回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只 能选 didnt make 或者 havent made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择 D。 A. hadnt made 过去完 成时表过去的过去, 不符合题意。B. wouldnt make 过去将来时时态不正确。C 一般现在时 不正确。 (2010北京T28)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing 【答案】A 【解析】整个句子时态用的是
28、一般过去时, 我能够表示感谢就已经是过去, 而他们对 我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选 A。 (2010 重 庆 T24)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _on the market in 1973. A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes 【答案】C 【解析】since 引导的从句作状语时, 主句通常用完成时, 而从句用一般过去时, 所以 选 C 项。 (2010重庆T29)The palace caught fire three times in the last
29、 century, and little of the original building _now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained 【答案】A 【解析】remain 在这儿意思是 剩下, 余留, 为不及物动词, 整句话是对现在事实的 陈述, 所以用一般现在时。选 A 项。 (2010重庆T31)- - - - - Why do you want to work for our company? - - - - - This is the job that I for. A. looked B. a
30、m to look C. had looked D. have been looking 【答案】D 【解析】由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时, 表示从过去某个 时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在, 并且有可能持续下去。 (2010 浙江 T5)If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you_fresh watermelon in the fall. A. eat B. would eat C. have eaten D. will be eating 【答案】D 【解析】：根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子, 你会在秋天吃到新鲜的
31、西瓜。可 以判断这是真实的条件从句, 会发生的事情, 所以选择 will be eating 表将来。 (2010浙江T15)For many years, people _electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of C. dreamed of D. dream of 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意和标志词 For many years 可知应使用现在完成时态。 (2011全国卷T23)Planing so far
32、ahead no senseso many things will have changed by next year. A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made 【答案】C 【解析】句意为计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。前句表示 现在的情况 make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果 will have changed。一般现在时 表示主语的特征或状态。is making 和 has made 表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选 C。 (2011全国卷T24)I wasnt sure if he was really intere
33、sted or if he polite. A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be 【答案】A 【解析】句意为我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。句前 wasnt sure 表明说话的起点是过去时， was really interested 和 was just being polite 都是相一致的过 去时。 (2011全国卷T29)When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there. A.had been lying B.has
34、been lying C.was lying D.has lain 【答案】A 【解析】句意为当 Alice 苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。过去完成进 行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to 苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是 过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选 A。 (2011全国卷 IIT9)If you dont like the drink you just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered 【答案】A 【解析】
35、 句意为如果你不喜欢你所点的饮料， 就把它放那儿， 试试另一种。 dont like the drink 是现在时，点饮料是过去的动作，因此，用过去时或现在完成时，故选 A。 (2011北京T21)Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 【答案】D 【解析】句意为就在二战爆发前，美国和欧洲都进行过这种实验
36、。首先考虑语态， 主语 experiment 与 conduct 构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现 the second war 是过去的时间点，before the second war 是过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时。选 D。 (2011北京T23)Tom in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 【答案】C 【解析】句意为在过去的三个月里，Tom 每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。题干中出现 的 ov
37、er the last three months，是明显提示用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故选 C。 (2011北京T27)That must have been a long trip. Yeah, it us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 【答案】C 【解析】句意为那一定是长途旅行。是的，我们花了整整一周时间才赶到 那儿。题干中 must have done 是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情况， 排除 A 和 B，D 项 was taking 进行时态表将来，但事
38、实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因 此选 C。 (2011北京T32)Bob has gone to California. Oh, can you tell me when he ? A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave 【答案】B 【解析】句意为Bob 已经去了加利福尼亚。噢，你能告诉我他什么时候离 开的？Bob has gone to California，去的动作已经发生过，说明他离开的动作发生在过去， 因此使用一般过去时。选 B。 (2011天津T3)In the last few years thousands of fil
39、ms all over the world. A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 【答案】B 【解析】 句意为在过去的几年时间里， 全世界制作了成千上万部电影。 in the last few years 在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成时的标志。选 B。 (2011天津T4)On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years. A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have be
40、en 【答案】D 【解析】句意为等到下次生日的时候，Ann 结婚有二十年了。her next birthday 是将 来的时间，for twenty years 是个时间段。将来完成时表示持续到将来某时的动作或状态， 故选 D。 (2011上海春招T29) Im sure you will do better in the test because you so hard this year. A. studied B. had studied C. will study D. have been studying 【答案】D 【解析】句意为我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩，因为这一年里你
41、一直用 功学习。前半句 Im sure you will do better 交代了时间起点是现在。because 引起的状语从 句不能用将来时，只能用现在时。this year 今年，是个时间段。D 项 have been studying 表 示一直持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成进行时。选 D。 (2011上海春招T32) A lot of people often forget that oral exams to test our communicative ability. A. design B. are designed C. are designing D. are being
42、 designed 【答案】B 【解析】句意为很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。一般 现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与 often, always, usually, sometimes, every day 等时间 状语连用。oral exams 与 design 的关系存在着被动，故选 B。 (2011山东T31) When I got on the bus, I I had left my wallet at home. A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize 【答案】B 【解析】
43、 句意为当我上了车后， 我才意识到我把钱包落在家里了。 I had left my wallet at home 发生在 realized 之前，前一句 When I got on the bus 给出的时间起点是过去时，故 选 B。 (2011 山 东 T35) She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating 【答案】B 【解析】句意为她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的
44、东西全吃光 了！吃光这个动作发生在发现之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择过去的过去。 故选 B。 (2011江苏T21)I hear you in a pub. whats it like? Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind. A.are working B.will work C.were working D.will be working 【答案】A 【解析】句意为我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？咳，这是份辛苦活，老感到 累，不过我不介意。对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描
45、述现阶段长期重复 的一个动作。故选 A。 (2011江苏T23)Tommy is planning to buy a car. I know. By next month, he enough for a used one. A. saves B .saved C.will save D. will have saved 【答案】D 【解析】句意为Tommy 将计划买车。我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱 足够买一辆旧车了。by next month 是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来 next month 之 前完成积攒足够钱的动作， 对将来的时间 next month 产生影响， 能买一辆旧
46、车。 故选 D。 (2011福建T32)Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they from China. A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received 【答案】D 【解析】句意为上个月，日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。expressed 是过去时，接受 中国的援助发生在 expressed 之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。选 D。 (2011安徽T32)I didnt ask for the name lis
47、t. Why _on my desk? I put it there just now in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed 【答案】B 【解析】句意为我并没有要这份名单。为什么我的桌子上放着这东西？这 是我刚刚放的，以备你需要。I didnt ask for 和 I put it there just now 都表示过去的动作， 很有迷惑性，但 Why has it landed on my desk？是到说话时为止的情况，名单在桌面上。 现在完成时表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作，故选 B。 (2011浙江T15)The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly. A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given 【答案
