1、Part 2 Using language 基础过关练 .单词拼写 1.During the summer and autumn of 1998, the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River suffered a (洪 水)disaster. 2.Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result of (干旱)and poor harvests. 3.The three teams (采取)three different ways to solve the prob
2、lem but they got the same result. 4.It is said that the professor will give us a (讲座)on how to improve our writing. 5.It is common knowledge that the world is made up of seven continents and four (海洋). 6.She was determined to give up her present job to d herself whole-heartedly to the arts. 7.The do
3、ctor suggested that the patients eat less fat to r the risk of heart disease. 8.The flowers grow in the g so they will not die even in the freezing winter. 9.No one will be allowed to go into the lab without the teachers p . 10.A nature r refers to an area of land where the animals and plants are pr
4、otected. .单句语法填空 1.The people were forced to rise against the king because of his (cruel). 2.Laughter is one of the most (infection) expressions of emotion. 3.My car (damage) to such an extent in the accident yesterday that it could not be repaired. 4.According to the recent survey, about 7 percent
5、of the children are (severe) overweight. 5.He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast (touch). 6.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog (follow) them. 7.I heard her (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 8.When Snow Whit
6、e came to herself, she found herself (surround) by seven dwarfs. 9.With all the problems (solve), they went home happily. .句型转换 1.As time passes by, we will have a better and better life. With time , we will have a better and better life. 2.I saw that they were crossing the street. I saw them the st
7、reet. 3.When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women were arguing. When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women . 4.A beggar in rags stood there and his eyes stared at the steak on the plate. A beggar in rags stood there with his eyes at the steak on the plate. 5.When
8、 he woke up, he found that he was surrounded by a group of children. When he woke up, he found himself by a group of children. .完成句子 1.我感觉有人在叫我。 I felt someone . 2.当他经过游泳池时,他看见有人在里面游泳。 When he passed the swimming pool, he in it. 3.这么多人看着她,她感到很紧张。 With so many people , she felt nervous. 4.我感觉有人站在我后面。
9、 I felt somebody . 5.上个月,我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。 My elder sister had her wallet on a bus last month. 6.外出时,你应该关着门和窗户。 While you were out, you should keep the door and windows . 7.我看到小男孩正在那儿哭。 I saw the little boy . 8.墙刷成白色的了,房间看上去更大了。 With the wall , the room seems larger. 能力提升练 .阅读理解 A Average humans can
10、consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1998, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,4000 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, and never completely disappear. M
11、ost of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifespans greatly. The Plastic Bottle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plastic. Its a community in Panama that is going to be made of used bottles. The design process begins with bui
12、lding steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. Once this step is complete, and electrical and plumping lines are put inside, the plastic walls are covered with concrete(混凝土)both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, th
13、e material will keep the house 17 cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside. The village is the idea of Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up several environmental projects. Having started a recycling program four years ago, during which a number of plast
14、ic bottles were collected, he started to think how they could be put to use. Soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construction process. The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to
15、protect the environment. The village will also create an education center that will teach individuals around the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for shelter. Recycled bottles could neutralize(使无效)the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leav
16、ing only your “footprints”. 1.What do the figures in the first paragraph show? A.The reason for buying fewer drinks. B.The seriousness of plastic pollution. C.The amount of plastic waste. D.The difficult situation of wildlife. 2.Why are the homes in the village special? A.Theyre green buildings. B.T
17、heyre 17 warmer inside. C.They stop plastic pollution. D.Theyre entirely made of plastic bottles. 3.What can we know from the passage? A.Plastic bottles are difficult to break down so they are liked by fish and birds. B.Robert Bezeau is the leader of a community in Panama responsible for the project
18、. C.The project of the Plastic Bottle Village can raise peoples environmental awareness. D.Individuals can learn how to produce plastic bottles without polluting the environment. 4.What would be the best title of the passage? A.An Eco-Friendly Plastic Bottle Village B.The Negative Effects of Plastic
19、 Bottles C.How to Collect Deserted Plastic Bottles D.How to Popularize the Use of Plastic Bottles B When your pen is broken, the batteries(电池)in your toys run out, or you have some leftover food, what will you do with these things? You will probably throw them all into one bin. But actually, all of
20、these pieces of rubbish need to be sorted separately. Rubbish sorting is a big problem worldwide. In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green account(账户)” service. Account owners get points by correctly sorting their rubbish.
21、Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards or other products. The city is asking all people living there to sort their rubbish into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. Wet waste is something you dont want but that pigs can eat. Plastics, glass, paper and ot
22、her things that can be reused are recyclable waste. Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and bulbs. Finally, any waste thats not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the “dry waste” bin. Many other Chinese cities are also sorting their rubbish in this way. For example, Shenzhen ha
23、s been doing this since 2015. Students there also receive waste-sorting guidebooks that they must study. In fact, there are still many workers specially working for sorting rubbish by hand in China. There is still a long way to go. But its never too late for every Chinese to learn how to sort rubbis
24、h properly and protect the environment. If you dont sort your rubbish, all of it will go to a landfill(垃圾填埋场)and be buried together. These landfills can take up much ground that could be used for planting. The electronic waste you throw away, such as batteries or used mobile phones, can cause pollut
25、ion. Other pieces of rubbish, like the metal part of a pen, can be used to make other things if they are properly recycled. 5.Shanghai creates the “green account” service in order to . A.work with the Alipay app B.punish those who dont sort rubbish C.exchange useful products D.encourage people to so
26、rt their rubbish 6.Things below are harmful waste EXCEPT . A.medicine B.batteries C.plastics D.bulbs 7.After drinking up the milk, you can put the milk box into a “ waste” bin. A.wet B.recyclable C.harmful D.dry 8.The last paragraph is mainly about . A.why we should sort rubbish properly B.where our
27、 rubbish can be dealt with C.how some waste can be recycled D.what waste can cause pollution .语法填空 No one knows exactly how the earth began. However, according to a widely 1 (accept) theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang”. Then the dust settled into a solid globe. As the earth cooled down, wat
28、er 2 (begin) to appear on its surface. Many scientists believe that it was the presence of water 3 allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into oceans, which made it possible for life to develop. Millions of years later, the first small plants appeared on the surface of the water. Thei
29、r 4 (develop) was followed by early shellfish, all sorts of fish, green plants and land animals. Reptiles produced young 5 (general) by laying eggs while mammals gave birth to young baby animals. Dinosaurs existed on the earth for over 140 million years before they suddenly disappeared. The reason 6
30、 they disappeared still remains a mystery. Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. But they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from 7 (escape) from the earth into space. As 8 result of this, people believe the earth may become too hot 9 (live
31、) on. So whether life will continue on the earth will depend on how this problem can 10 (solve). 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Part 2 Using language 基础过关练 .1.flood 2.drought 3.adopted 4.lecture 5.oceans 6.devote 7.reduce 8.greenhouse 9.permission 10.reserve .1.cruelty 考查名词。句意:由于国王的残暴,人民被迫起来反对他。根据空前
32、形容词性物主代词 his 可知,本空应用 名词 cruelty“残忍,残酷,残暴”。 2.infectious 考查形容词。句意:笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。本空修饰名词 expressions,故应用形容词 infectious“有感染力的”。 3.was damaged 考查时态及语态。句意:在昨天的事故中我的车损坏到了这种程度,以至于无法修复。根据时间状语 yesterday可知,本空应用一般过去时,且 car和动词 damage之间为被动关系,故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态。 4.severely 考查副词。句意:根据最近的调查,大约 7%的儿童严重超重。本空修饰形容词 over
33、weight,故应用副词 severely。 5.untouched 考查过去分词。句意:他起床晚了,急匆匆地赶到办公室,没动早餐。本空在句中作宾语补足语,且宾语 the breakfast 和动词 touch 之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作宾语补足语。结合句意可知填 untouched。 6.following 考查现在分词。句意:这对老夫妇晚饭后经常在公园散步,他们的宠物狗跟着他们。本句中 with their pet dog (follow) them 为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,其中宾语 their pet dog和动词 follow 为主动关系,故本空应用 现在分词作宾语
34、补足语。 7.singing 考查现在分词。句意:昨天我经过她的房间时,听见她正在唱英文歌。本空在句中作宾语补足语,且宾语 her 和动词 sing之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词作宾语补足语。 8.surrounded 考查过去分词。句意:当白雪公主醒过来的时候,她发现自己被七个小矮人围着。本空在句中作宾语补 足语,且宾语 herself与动词 surround 之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词作宾语补足语。 9.solved 考查过去分词。句意:所有问题都解决了,他们高高兴兴地回家了。本句中 With all the problems (solve) 为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结
35、构,其中宾语 all the problems 与动词 solve之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词作宾语 补足语。 .1.passing by 2.crossing 3.arguing 4.staring 5.surrounded .1.calling me 2.saw someone swimming 3.looking at her 4.standing behind me 5.stolen 6.closed 7.crying there 8.painted white 能力提升练 .A 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了塑料污染及巴拿马地区即将建立塑料瓶社区的相关情况。 1.B 细节理
36、解题。根据第一段内容可知,人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子,这些瓶子需要几百年才能分解成细小 的塑料碎片,永远不会完全消失以及这种废弃物对鱼和鸟类的寿命的消极影响。由此可知,第一段中的这些数字旨在说 明塑料污染的严峻性,故选 B项。 2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知,这个村庄房子的主要建筑材料是用过的塑料瓶。由此可推断出,这些房子 的特殊之处在于它们都是环保建筑,故选 A项。 3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so tha
37、t they can do more to protect the environment.可知,此项目想让人们意识到这些瓶子制造的垃圾,这样他们就会为环保 做得更多,即提高人们的环保意识,故选 C 项。 4.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子,这些瓶子要花上百年时间才 能分解但不会完全消失,还会让鱼类和鸟类缩短寿命,对环境有害。为了能让我们不被塑料所掩埋,在巴拿马地区即将 建立塑料瓶房屋,这种房子非常环保。故选 A项。 原句 Having started a recycling program four years ago, during which
38、 a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think how they could be put to use. 分析 本句为主从复合句,现在分词短语 Having started a recycling program four years ago 作原因状语;during which引导 非限制性定语从句;宾语从句 how they could be put to use 作 think 的宾语。 句意 四年前,他启动了一个回收计划,期间收集了一些塑料瓶,他开始想如何将它们投入使用。 【高频词汇】 1.consum
39、e v.消耗,耗费(燃料、能量、时间等) 2.minimum n.最小值;最少量 3.lifespan n.寿命;可持续年限;有效期 4.conscious adj.意识到的;清醒的;有知觉的 B 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国进行垃圾分类的情况。 5.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中 Account owners get points by correctly sorting their rubbish. Through the Alipay app, they can exchange the points for milk, phone cards or other products
40、. 可知,“绿色账户”所有者可以通过正确分类垃圾来获 得积分。通过支付宝应用程序,他们可以将积分兑换成牛奶、电话卡或其他产品。由此可以推断出,“绿色账户”的创立 是为了通过奖励鼓励人们进行垃圾分类,故选 D项。 6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 Plastics, glass, paper and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste. Harmful waste includes things like medicine, batteries and bulbs.可知,塑料、玻璃、纸张和其他可重复使用的物品均为可回收垃 圾
41、。有害垃圾包括药品、电池和灯泡。C 项 plastics 塑料是可回收垃圾,不是有害垃圾,故选 C 项。 7.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Plastics, glass, paper and other things that can be reused are recyclable waste.塑料、玻 璃、纸张和其他可重复使用的物品均为可回收垃圾。根据常识可知,牛奶盒是纸质的,是可以回收利用的,故选 B 项。 8.A 主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知这些垃圾填埋场会占用大量可用于种植的土地。丢弃的电子废物(例如电池或 用过的手机)可能会造成污染。如果将其正确回收,则可以用来制造其他物品。因此
42、最后一段主要是讲垃圾的坏处和垃 圾分类的好处,解释了为什么要进行垃圾分类,故选 A项。 【高频词汇】 1.run out 用完;耗尽 2.separately adv.单独地;分别地 3.exchange.for. 用换 4.take up 占据(空间、时间等) .语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了地球上的生命的起源与物种的演变。 1.accepted 考查过去分词。本空修饰名词 theory,被修饰词和动词 accept 之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词作定语。 2.began 考查时态。句意:随着地球冷却下来,水开始出现在它的表面。根据句意可知,本空动作发生在过去,应用一般 过去时。 3
43、.that 考查强调句型。句意:许多科学家认为,正是水的存在使地球能够将有害气体和酸溶解到海洋中,这使生命的发 展成为可能。本句中 it was the presence of water 3 allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into oceans 为 强调句型,强调 the presence of water,故本空应用 that。 4.development 考查名词。句意:它们的发展之后跟着的是早期的贝类、各种鱼类、绿色植物和陆生动物。本空在句 中作主语,故应用名词形式。 5.generally 考查副词。句意:
44、爬行动物一般通过产卵生产幼崽,而哺乳动物则生下幼崽。本空在此处作状语,故应用副 词形式。 6.why 考查定语从句。句意:它们消失的原因仍然是个谜。本空引导定语从句,修饰名词 reason,本空在从句中作原因 状语,故应用关系副词 why引导定语从句。 7.escaping 考查动名词。句意:但是他们向大气层中排放了太多的二氧化碳,这阻止了热量从地球进入到太空。根据 空前介词 from 可知,本空应用动名词形式。 8.a 考查冠词。句意:由于这(种情况),人们认为地球可能变得太热而无法生存。as a result of 意为“由于”,故本空 应用冠词 a。 9.to live 考查不定式。句意参考上题。本句中 become too hot 9 (live) on为 too.to do.结构,意为“太而不能 做”,故本空应用不定式。 10.be solved 考查动词的语态。句意:因此,地球上的生命能否继续将取决于如何解决这个问题。this problem 和动词 solve之间为被动关系,故本空应用被动语态。 【高频词汇】 1.exactly adv.精确地;准确地 2.theory n.学说;论说 3.presence n.存在;出现;在场,出席 4.dissolve v.溶;使(固体)溶解 5.lay eggs 产卵,下蛋
