1、 1poem n诗，诗歌poet n诗人 2decorate v装饰，布置，美化decoration n装饰物 3free adj.自由的freedom n自由，自由权利 4participate v参加，参与participant n参与者 5equality n平等inequality n(社会上的)不平等 6limit n限制，限度 v限制，限定limited adj.有限的limitless adj. 无限的 7complain v抱怨，不满，发牢骚complaint n抱怨 8warn v警告，告诫warning n警告，警示，告诫 9starve v挨饿starving adj.挨
2、饿的，即将饿死的starvation n饥饿， 挨饿，饿死 1Honour v向表示敬意；履行(职责/协议等) n荣誉，荣幸 She will be honoured for her work in promoting friendship between the two countries. 向表示敬意 Once a contract is signed，it has to be honoured. 履行 It is an honour to be representing my country to compete in this match. 荣誉，荣幸 2vote v投票，表决 n票数
3、；选举权 I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her. 投票，表决 He only managed a narrow victory in the election.He won by 20 votes.票数 There are still countries in the world where women do not have the vote. 选举权 Words and Phrases 知识要点1 honour v向表示敬意，履行(职责/协议等) n荣誉，荣幸 (教材 P13) is to honour an ev
4、ent. 是为了纪念一个事件。 例 1 I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech. 他在讲话中提到了我，我很荣幸。 例 2 May I have the honour of dancing with you? 能和你跳支舞吗？ 造句 能跟你们一起在这里庆祝中秋节我感到非常荣幸。 I feel honoured to be here to celebrate the MidAutumn Festival with you. 知识拓展 (1) be honoured for 因而受到尊敬 be honoured as 被尊为 be/fe
5、el honoured to do sth. 因做某事而感到荣幸 (2) in honour of/in ones honour 为向表示敬意；为了纪念 have the honour of(doing) sth. 有幸做某事 It is an honour to do sth. 很荣幸做某事 即学即练 单句语法填空 I feel honoured(honour) to be invited to contribute to your magazine. It is an honour to be invited to contribute to your magazine. They are
6、 honoured by people for their honesty and selflessness. They named the school after the hero in honour of him. 知识要点2 participate v参加，参与 (教材 P13) Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africas first fully- participated elections in 1994 自由节在每年 4 月 27 日举办，庆祝南非 1994 年第一次全面参加选举 例
7、1 More than 400 children participated in the clean- up of the park. 400 多个孩子参加了公园的清扫活动。 例 2 Terry cant participate in the match because he has hurt his foot. 特里不能参加比赛，因为他扭了脚。 造句 他问我是否会参加会议。 He asks whether I can participate in the meeting. 知识拓展 participate in take part in 参加，参与 participant n. 参加者，参与
8、者 participation n. 参加，参与 即学即练 单句语法填空 Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively in these discussions. As far as I know，he has been an active participant(participate) in the discussion. Participation(participate) in sporting events will help us lead a healthier life. 小片段助记 Encouraged b
9、y the teacher， the participants actively participated in the English speech contest.Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard. 知识要点3 vote v投票，表决 n票数；选举权 (教材 P13) in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour. 在选举中，所有人都可以不分肤色地投票。 例 1 Today every citizen aged e
10、ighteen or over has the right to vote. 如今，年满十八周岁或十八周岁以上的公民都有选举权。 例 2 The suggestion was approved，with 25 votes in favor，and 7 against. 建议以 25 票同意，7 票反对被通过。 造句 既然在这件事上大家意见不一，我们表决好了。 As we cant all agree on this matter，lets vote on it. 知识拓展 (1)vote for vote in favor of 投票赞成 vote against 投票反对 vote on s
11、th. 就某事进行表决 vote to do sth. 投票决定做某事 (2)have/take a vote on sth. 就某事进行表决 have the vote 有选举权 即学即练 单句语法填空 Only a minority of the class voted for the plan. They then voted on whether they will accept it. Well listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote to decide(decide) it. 知识要点4 keep alive 使活着；
12、使活跃；保留 (教材 P14) As parents， they try to keep that magic alive for their children for as long as they can. 作为父母，他们设法尽可能长时间地为孩子们保留着这种魔力。 例 1 The doctors tried everything to keep him alive but in vain. 医生们竭尽全力抢救他的生命，但却徒劳无功。 例 2 The news of the victory kept us alive in excitement. 胜利的消息使我们兴奋不已。 造句 他们 35
13、 年的婚姻生活一直保持着浪漫色彩。 They kept the romance alive in their marriage for 35 years. 知识拓展 (1)bring alive 使变得有生气 come alive 生动起来，精神起来，热闹起来 (2)alive adj. 活着的，充满活力的。是表语形容 词，不可以作前置定语。 (3)living adj. 活的，有生命的，健在的。可修饰 人或物，作表语或前置定语。 (4)live adj. 活的。作前置定语，只修饰物不指 人。另外，还表示“现场直播的”。 即学即练 补全句子 The patient with lung canc
14、er is kept alive(维持生命) on a life- support machine. The city center really comes alive(热闹起来) at the weekend. The way he describes his characters really brings them alive(使他们栩栩如 生) 小片段助记 Anyone who is alive in the world of the living world has some hopes; a live dog is better than a dead lion. 知识要点5 r
15、egard v认为，看作 n尊敬；(pl.)问候，敬意 (教材 P14) That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year. 那就是为什么圣诞老人的来信对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中的特殊时刻 的人来说可能是一本完美的书。 例 1 He is regarded as one of the great classical composers in this century. 他被认为是本世纪伟大的古典音
16、乐作曲家之一。 例 2 I am sure that kindness is more likely to win their regard than pride. 我确信善意比傲慢更可能赢得他们的尊敬。 造句 我在这个城镇居住了很长时间，都把它当成了家。 Ive lived in the town so long that I regard it as my home. 知识拓展 (1)regard as 把视作 (2)regarding prep. 关于 即学即练 单句语法填空 Her parents always regarded her as the smartest of their
17、 children. If you should see him，please give him my regards(regard) The government has set up some rules regarding(regard) the food safety. 知识要点6 complain v抱怨，不满，发牢骚；投诉 (教材 P15) In another letter，Father Christmas complained about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the boys instead
18、of wrapping them up. 在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他怎么都无法阻止他的助手们用玩具做游 戏而不是把它们包起来。 例 1 Its no use complaining without taking any action. 不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。 例 2 Im going to complain to the manager about this. 我将就此事向经理提意见。 造句 所有游客都抱怨那家餐馆劣质的服务。 All the tourists complained about the bad service in that restaurant. 知识拓展 (
19、1)complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth. (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某 人)发牢骚 complain (to sb.) that (向某人)抱怨 (2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉；控告 make a complaint 抱怨，投诉 即学即练 单句语法填空 She often complains about not feeling appreciated at work. Neighbors complained to the police about the dog barking. The most common complain
20、t(complain)is about poor service. 小片段填空 The manager complained to us about there being too many complaints from customers this month. 知识要点7 warning n警告，警示，告诫 (教材 P15) Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not
21、good. 有趣的是，这些信并没有包含通常对孩子们的警告：如果他们表现不好，就 可能收不到礼物。 例 1 There is a warning on the cigarette packet that says “Smoking does harm to your health” 在烟盒上有一个警示“吸烟有害健康”。 例 2 Weve just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come. 我们从电台听到警报说飓风可能要来。 造句 我正要生火时就想起了他的警告。 I was about to make a fi
22、re when I remembered his warning. 知识拓展 (1)give sb.a warning 向(某人)发出警告 without (any) warning 没有(任何)先兆 (2)warn v. 警告；告诫 warn sb.not to do sth.warn sb.against doing sth. 警告某人不要做某事 即学即练 单句语法填空 The teacher gave him a warning that if he was late again，he would be punished. An earthquake comes like a thief
23、 in the night，without warning. They were warned not to climb(climb) the mountain in such bad weather. 小片段助记 He warned me not to leave without permission，but I didnt accept his warning. 知识要点8 starving adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的 (教材 P15) remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number o
24、f poor and starving people. 请记住，在这个圣诞节时世界上还有许多穷人和挨饿的人。 例 1 There is a piece of heartbreaking news report about starving children. 有一则关于饥饿儿童的令人心碎的新闻报道。 例 2 How can you be indifferent to the sufferings of starving people? 你怎能对饥民的疾苦无动于衷呢？ 造句 我们弄点吃的东西吧，我饿坏了。 Lets get something to eat，Im starving. 知识拓展 (
25、1)be starving for 渴望 (2)starve v. (使)挨饿，(使)饿死 starve for 渴望 starve to death 饿死 (3)starvation n. 挨饿，饿死 即学即练 单句语法填空 This organization will hold an event to help the starving(starve) children in Africa. As she feels very lonely，she is starving for friendship. He got lost in the jungle and starved to de
26、ath. Millions of people will face starvation(starve) as a result of the drought. Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 That/This/It is why 那/这就是为什么 (教材 P14) That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year. 那就是为什么圣诞老人的来信对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中的特殊时刻
27、 的人来说可能是一本完美的书。 句式分析： That is why 那就是为什么， why 引导表语从句。 其中 that 还可以换为 this/it。 例 1 Tom overslept this morning.That is why he was late for work. 汤姆今天早晨睡过头了，那就是他上班迟到的原因。 例 2 This is why we always have a fresh supply of water. 这就是为什么我们总可以喝到新鲜水的原因。 造句 那就是我们决定取消讨论的原因。 That is why we decided to cancel the d
28、iscussion. 知识拓展 (1)That/This/It is because 意为“那/这是因为”，其中 because 引导 表语从句。 (2)The reason why is that 意为“的原因是”，其中 why 引 导的是定语从句；is 之后的 that 引导的是表语从句。 翻译 We should eat breakfast on time every day； thats because breakfast is really important for us(那是因为早餐对我们来说真的非常重要) The reason why he was sleepy in clas
29、s was that(他在课上睡觉的原因是) he stayed up last night. 即学即练 单句语法填空 He got up late.Thats why he missed the bus. She never gives in to any difficulty and thats because she is a strongwilled woman. The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up. 重点句式2 “do/does/did动词原形” ”表示强调 (教材 P15) The l
30、etters did，however，change as Tolkiens children got older 然而，随着托尔金的孩子们年龄的增长，这些信的内容确实变了 句式分析：(1)did change 为“did动词原形”表示强调，意为“的确，确 实”。 (2)“do/does/did动词原形”表示强调时只用于肯定句和祈使句， 用来强调 谓语。 (3)这种强调句只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 例 1 He does enjoy listening to classical music. 他的确喜欢听古典音乐。 例 2 Do be careful while you are drivi
31、ng on the road. 你在公路上开车时务必要小心。 造句 他昨天确实去过车站，但没有发现你。 He did go to the station yesterday，but he didnt find you. 即学即练 补全句子 Believe it or not，such things did happen(确实发生过) in their school last week. We do sell stamps(确实卖邮票)，but we dont have any at the moment. He does like travelling(确实喜欢旅行) and believes
32、 we should grasp opportunities to stay for a few days in different countries. 1(教材 P15)Interestingly，the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good. 分析： 此句为主从复合句。 that they might not receive their presents if they were not
33、good 是 that 引导的同位语从句，说明 the usual warnings 的具体内容，其中包 含 if 引导的条件状语从句。 译文：有趣的是，这些信并没有包含通常对孩子们的警告：如果他们表现不 好，就可能收不到礼物。 2(教材 P15) but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come，and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes，remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terr
34、ible number of poor and starving people. 分析：but 后面的句子为主从复合句。remember that 至句末为主句，其 中包含 that 引导的宾语从句；if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come 是 if 引导的条件状语从句， 其中 that 引导宾语从句作 find 的宾语， you asked for 是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词 the things。 译文：但是，如果你发现你没有收到你想要的许多礼物，或者没有你想 要的那么多，请记住，在这个圣诞节时
35、世界上还有许多穷人和挨饿的人。 教材 高考 1 .is to honour an event. (2019 江苏卷)He considered it an honor. 2.Freedom Day is held every year on 27 April to celebrate South Africas first fully- participated elections in 1994 (2019 全国卷)That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. (2019 全国卷)Participate
36、 in discussion forums(论坛)，blogs and other openended forums for dialogue. 3 .in which everyone was allowed to vote regardless of skin colour. (2017 全国卷)That was the name students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull. (2019 北京卷)Regardless of the weather or the distance，Paul Wilson wil
37、l make sure 4.That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year. (2019 全国卷 )Mountains are regarded as spiritual places by many cultures. 5.A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear，who once climbed the North Pole(an a
38、ctual pole in this case) and (2019 天津卷)A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established. 6.In another letter，Father Christmas complained about how he could not (2018 天津卷)The students began complaining about how cold it would be. 7.Interestingly，the letters did not cont
39、ain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good. (2019 天津卷)Scientists have built an early- warning system based on mathematical models. 8 .there are a terrible number of poor and starving people. (2018 北京卷)By mile 21，I was starving! .单句语法填空 1I feel
40、 honoured(honour) to give a report about how to relieve stress here. 2Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic. 3The wheelchair gives him the freedom(free) to go out on his own. 4We voted to give(give) a concert to get some money for the hospital. 5This is the most
41、brilliant evening party that I have participated in 6Its time we put up the New Year decorations(decoration) in the hall. 7We are collecting food for those who are starving(starve) in the earthquake. 8We used to see each other regularly(regular)，but I havent heard from him since last year. 9He and I
42、 have worked together for a couple of years; thats why I know him pretty well. 10I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding(regard) the job. .短语填空 take place，in memory of，regardless of，keep alive，regard as ， wrap up，a number of ，as well as 1What kind of de
43、sign do you regard as the best? 2A number of young men are going to be volunteers during the vacation. 3Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years. 4She would rather die than be kept alive under such conditions. 5The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless of race，religio
44、n and sex. 6We can celebrate the festival as well as enjoying the delicious food on that day. 7He spends a lot of time wrapping up presents before Christmas Day every year. 8The ceremony opened with a minutes silence in memory of those who died in the war. .课文语法填空 The passage introduces Tolkien and
45、his perfect book Letters from Father Christmas.From the book we know every Christmas，Tolkiens children would get an envelop 1.with a North Pole stamp.The children must have been very 2.excited(excite) as they opened it，inside 3.which they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.Of cour
46、se，the letters were all written by Tolkien. The letters told 4.wonderful(wonder) stories about Father Christmass life and adventures at the North Pole.In one letter， Polar Bear once climbed the North Pole and 5.fell(fall) through the roof of Father Christmass house.In another letter，Father Christmas
47、 plained(complain) about how he couldnt stop his helpers 7.playing(play) games with the toys instead of wrapping them up.Tolkiens letters also changed with his children 8.getting(get) older.In addition the book also tells us that we not only can enjoy the 9.adventures(adventure) of Father Christmas，Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole 10.but can share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
