1、 五年级上学期知识点五年级上学期知识点 【重点语法】 一、There be 句型。 1. 表示“某处有某物”。be 动词要根据“物”的单复数变化：单数 is，复数 are, 不可数名词用 is。 例：There is a book on the desk. There are some books on the desk. There is some orange juice in the glass. 2. There be 句型变一般疑问句时, be 动词提前, some 变为 any。 单数：Is there a library in our school ? Is there any
2、milk in the glass ? 肯定回答：Yes, there is . 否定回答： No ,there isnt . 复数：Are there any peaches on the tree ? 肯定回答：Yes, there are . 否定回答：No, there arent . 3. 就近原则：be 动词根据离它最近名词单复数选择 is 或 are。 例：There is a dog and two cats in the garden. There are two cats and a dog in the garden. 4. 某处没有某物，在 be 动词后面加 not。
3、（is not 可以缩写为 isnt，are not 可以缩写为 arent） 例：There is no bread on the plate. There isnt any bread on the plate. There arent any pictures on the plate. 5. 易错题： There is a pair of shoes under the bed . 注意：这里是“一双鞋”所以用的是 is。 There are two shoes under the bed . （shoes , gloves, trousers, socks,glasses 等） 二、
4、have, has 表示“某人有某物”。 1 . have 用于 I, we, you, they 或复数人称： I/We/You/They/Ben and Mike have a table. 2 . has 用于第三人称单数（ he, she, it,单数人称） He/She/My father has a bike. 3 . 疑问句：What do you have? I have a doll. What does he have? He has a book. 三、How many 句型。 How many + 可数名词的复数，分两种情况： 1、 什么地方有多少什么？ How man
5、y students are there in our classroom ? There are forty students in our classroom . （注意：当答案为一个时用 There is one.回答。） 2、 某人有多少什么？ How many pens do you have ? I have ten . How many pens does he have ? He has ten . 四、名词单数，复数，不可数。 1. 单数 a house , a bed an art room , an English teacher , an e-friend/email，
6、an idea , an umbrella ( 开头是元音音素的发音，注意不仅仅是元音字母 a,e,i,o,u 哦！) 2. 复数 （1）一般直接+s：bears，students （ 2 ） 以 s,x, sh,ch 及部分 o 字母结尾，加 es：bus-buses，box-boxes （ 3 ） 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i，加 es：librarylibraries，hobby-hobbies （ 4 ） 不规则名词复数： man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen，child-children，foot-feet. 3. 不可数 soup
7、, milk, bread ,juice, tea , rice 五、人称代词 分为：主格 和 宾格，形容词性物主代词表示“的”。 主格 宾格 形容词性物 主代词 我 I me my 我们 we us our 你/ 你们 you you your 他 he him his 她 she her her 它 it it its 他们 they them their 1. 主格用来作句中的主语，例：They are doctors. 2. 宾格用在动词和介词后，本册书上出现的词组： in front of her show her around push me teach you Whats wro
8、ng with him? write him a letter Heres a Christmas card for you. Let me. chat with them on the Internet give it a cake 3. 形容词性物主代词+名词: This is my book. Her pen is on the desk. 六、一般现在时。 表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。 时间状语：often 经常，usually 通常，always 总是，every 每个，sometimes 有时 只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。 在一般现在时
9、中，当主语是第三人称单数时，动词应用第三人称单数形式： （1） +s （2） +es（以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾）：teachteaches watchwatches gogoes washwashes （3） 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，改 y 为 i 再加 es：studystudies flyflies （4） 特殊的：have-has 动词第三人称单数 句型变化： He always goes to the park at weekends. （ 1 ） 动词第三人称单数改一般疑问句，借 does 放到句首，动词还原成原形。 Does he always go to the
10、park at weekends ? 肯定回答：Yes, he does . 否定回答：No, he doesnt . （ 2 ） 动词第三人称单数改否定句，借 doesnt 放在动词前，动词还原成原形。 He doesnt go to the park at weekends. （ 3 ） 动词第三人称单数改特殊疑问句，借 does 放在疑问词后，后面用原形 do。 What does he do at weekends? 注意：当主语是第一、第二人称或第三人称复数时，句型变化时借注意：当主语是第一、第二人称或第三人称复数时，句型变化时借 do 改变，后面动词用原形。改变，后面动词用原形。
11、肯定句： They watch films at weekends. 否定句： They dont watch films at weekends. 一般疑问句：Do they watch films at weekends？ 特殊疑问句：What do they do at weekends? 【小语言知识点】 1 . too 的用法:句中解释为“太”；句末解释为(也),否定句中“也”用 either。 例：1.This soup is too hot. That bed is too hard. 2.I like skating, too. = I also like skating. (
12、也) 3. I dont like dancing. I dont like it either (也不). 2 . 序数词 first-second-third-fourth Its on the first floor. Theyre on the second floor. 注意点： （ 1 ） 序数词一般要与 the 连用 例：第一层楼 the first floor （ 2 ） 在某一层楼用介词 on 例：在第二层楼 on the second floor 3 . 哪些情况加动词原形： 1.can 2. let 3.助动词 do/does/dont/doesnt 基数词 序数词 on
13、e two three first second third 4.哪些情况加动词 ing： 1.like 2. go 3.be good at/do well in 4.be 注意：动词 ing 形式也叫作动词的现在分词（-ing），变化规则： （ 1 ） 直接加 ing：drawdrawing playplaying （ 2 ） 以不发音的 e 结尾的，去 e 加 ing： dancedancing skateskating makemaking havehaving writewriting liveliving （ 3 ） 以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅元辅”结构的，双写末字母加 ing：
14、swimswimming runrunning chatchatting sitsitting put putting shopshopping 5. like 的用法: like+可数名词复数；like+动词 ing； (1) like sth. 喜欢某事（指喜欢这一类，名词用复数）： I like cats. He likes cats . (2) 特指喜欢某一样东西： I like this cat. He likes that cat. I like your cat . (3) like doing sth. 喜欢做某事： I like running. He likes swimm
15、ing . 6. would like 用法： would like 表示“想要”=want (不可以和“like喜欢”混淆) 1）would like+名词 I would like some juice. 2）would like+to +动词原形 I would like to swim. 7. be good at 的用法: 1）be good at sth .擅长某事 = do well in sth. I am good at Maths . I do well in Maths . I am not good at Maths. I do not do well in Maths
16、 . 2）be good at doing sth .擅长做某事=do well in doing sth. He is good at skating . He does well in skating . He is not good at skating . He does not do well in skating . 8. Its time to do sth. Its time for+名词/动词 ing 形式。 例如： Its time for dinner. Its time to have dinner. Its time for swimming. Its time to
17、 swim. 【易错词组】【易错词组】 1. play basketball play the piano 2. at Christmas on Christmas Day/ Eve 3.at six oclock at the snack bar 4.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening in winter 5.看故事 read stories / read a story 6. 故事书 read storybooks / read a storybook 7. buyfor / sendto / writeto / showaround 8. swim we
18、ll(修饰动词)，have dancing/singing/swimming lessons 或 have a lesson 9.on the tree (长在树上) in the tree (外来物) 10.a glass of milk (单数) two glasses of milk (复数) 11. a pair of shoes(单数) shoes/ socks/ gloves (复数) two pairs of shoes(复数) 【语音】 1. 字母 c 的发音规律： （ 1 ） 在字母 a、o、u 前，辅音字母前和词尾，发/k/。例如：car，cake，music，class
19、等； （ 2 ） 在字母 e、i、y 前，发/s/。例如：nice，center，juice，dance，city 等。 2. 字母 u 发/,例如：study，up，but，bus，run，just 等。 3. 字母 y 的发音规律： （1） 一般在词首发/j/,例如：your，yard 等； （2） 在长单词末尾发/I/,例如：family，slowly，windy，bicycle，story 等； （3） 在短单词末尾发/aI/,例如：fly，why，sky，my 等。 4. 字母 w 的发音规律： （ 1 ） 字母 w 在词首发/w/,例如：watch，water，woman 等； （
20、 2 ） 字母组合 wh 发/w/,例如：where，what，who 等； （ 3 ） 在字母组合 wr 中，w 不发音，例如：write，writer，wrong 等。 5. 字母 s 的发音规律： （1）s 在词首时，除了 sugar，sure 以及 sh 组合发/以外，其余一般发/s/； （2）s 在清辅音后，发/s/，例如：books，shops 等； （3）s 在浊辅音和元音音素后，发/z/,例如：always，has，swims 等。 6. 字母 j 发/d/，例如：jump，jacket，subject 等。 【做题时一定要注意】【做题时一定要注意】 1、can+动词原形 2、
21、like+名词复数/动词 ing 3、play+足球类 play the+乐器类 4、How many+名词复数 5、Would like +to+动词原形 6、Lets+动词原形 7、动词第三人称单数形式 8、现在进行时：be（is，am，are）+动词 ing 练习卷练习卷 一、选出不同类的单词。 ( )1.A. under B. beside C. behind D. bear ( ) 2.A. teach B. write C. help D. teacher ( ) 3.A. foot B. leg C. arm D.our ( ) 4.A. pretty B. dog C. bea
22、utiful D. nice ( ) 5.A. driver B. factory C. farmer D. worker 二、单选题。 ( )1. the boys sing songs in the evening? A. Does B. Do C. Is ( )2. Helen, this is Mr Smith .He is a new teacher. Can you show around? A. her B. he C. him ( )3. We early on Christmas Day. A. wake up B. wakes up C. wake ( )4. The bo
23、y cant play piano, but he can play football. A. / ; the B. the; / C. / ; / ( )5. Helen likes birds. I like birds, but my sister . A. also; either B. dont; dont C. also; doesnt ( )6. Table tennis is very popular in . AChina B. UK C. US ( )7. -What subjects you like? - Music and Art Acan B. do C. does
24、 ( )8. Grandpa,how many are there on your farm? A .cow B. a cow C .cows ( )9. My parents in a small town. A. lives B. is live C. live ( )10. Liu Taos uncle is a . He very well. A. driver; drive B. drive; drives C. driver; drives 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.We all like playing with (he). 2.He always (cook) nic
25、e food for us. 3.I usually go (shop) with my family. 4.There ( be )two pears and an apple in my bag. 5.My dog (have)four legs. 6. Su Hai (have) a bird. It can (talk). 7. My brother likes (fly) kites. He (fly) kites well. 8. Mikes mother is a (teach). She (teach) English in a middle school. 9. Our sc
26、hool has two (library). Theyre both on the (two) floor. 10. There (be) any milk in the fridge, but there (be) some bananas in it. 四、从栏找出与栏相对应的答句，将其序号填在括号内。 ( ) 1.Is there a library? A. He has some milk. ( ) 2.What does he have? B. He likes Math and PE. ( ) 3.Does he like swimming? C. Shes a teacher.
27、 ( ) 4.What does your mother do? D. Yes, he does. ( ) 5.What subjects does he like? E. Yes, there is. 五、按要求改写句子。 1.I have some toy cars. (改为否定句) I toy cars. 2.I go to the library after school everyday.（对画线部分提问） you after school everyday? 3. The rabbit has two long ears. （对画线部分提问） What the rabbit ? 4. We come from Canada.(改为一般疑问句) you from Canada? 参考答案： 一、DDDBB 二、BCABC ABCCC 三、1.him 2.cooks 3.shopping 4.are 5. has 6.has, talk 7.flying,flies 8.teacher,teaches 9.libraries,second 10.isnt,are 四、EADCB 五、1.dont have any 2.Where do go 3.does have 4.Do come
