1、 B1U5 Languages around the world Discovering useful structure Describe your favourite things Activity1: Discovering-Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate? 1.It was a time when people were divided geographicall
2、y. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese pe
3、ople. Information: a time for an event. Information: a location for an event. Information: a reason for an action. Information: a reason for an action. Information: a reason for an action. Information: a location for an action. 1. It was a time when people were divided geographically. Information: a
4、 time for an event. 小结小结 1 1 先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做 时间状语时，连接词使用when. It was a time. At that time people were divided geographically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. Information: a location fo
5、r an event. 小结小结 2 2 先行词先行词（即被修饰的名词即被修饰的名词）在从句中做在从句中做地点地点 状语状语时时，连接词使用连接词使用wherewhere. . Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country. In that country the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign lang
6、uage. Information: a reason for an action. 小结小结 3 3 先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做原因 状语时，连接词使用why。 There are many reasons. Because of these reasons, people learn a foreign language. 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 小结小结 4 4 先行词指物先行词指物且在从句中做且在从句中做状语状语时，
7、连接词时，连接词可以用可以用 介词介词+which+which来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和 先行词的搭配有关。先行词的搭配有关。 There were animals bones and shells. Symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people on them. These were animal bones and shells on which(=where) symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 介词介词+which (+which (如如on w
8、hich)on which)的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。 Information: a location for an action. 定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词 三、判断先行词在从句中做的成分三、判断先行词在从句中做的成分 定 语 从 句 的 引 导 词 关系关系 代词代词 关系关系 副词副词 指人指人 指物指物 who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)， that(主语、宾语主语、宾语), whose(定语定语) that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语
9、主语、宾语) whose(定语定语) where (地点状语地点状语) when (时间状语时间状语) why (原因状语原因状语) Activity2: Summary 定语从句定语从句是在句子中作是在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句，的从句， 又称为又称为形容词性从句。形容词性从句。这种从句由这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系关系 副词副词引导，并作句子成分。引导，并作句子成分。 Ps:Ps:先行词在从句中做先行词在从句中做状语状语时，连接词有时时，连接词有时可以用可以用介词介词+which/whom+which/whom来替换关系副词来替换关系副词 Activity
10、3: Fill in the table to complete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause. Then use the phrases to make complete sentences. the day when the earthquake happened I was on holiday the day when the earthquake happened. the day when I started learning my second foreign language. I will always reme
11、mber the day when I started learning my second foreign language. the place where my friend lives She works near the place where my friend lives. the place where I met the movie star Let me show you the place where I met the movie star. the reason why I didnt get a pay-rise the reason why I want to l
12、earn Spanish I dont know the reason why I didnt get a pay-rise. The reason why I want to learn Spanish is to travel to Peru one day. the place 介词介词 +which I found Grandmas glasses the time 介词介词 +which I first met you on the ship This is the cupboard in which I found Grandmas glasses. I will never fo
13、rgot the day on which I first met you on the ship. 注意注意：并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时：并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时 都用都用when, where, why，若先行词在定语从句中不，若先行词在定语从句中不 做状语，而作主语或宾语，就必须用做状语，而作主语或宾语，就必须用which或或that。 比较比较: when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 on the days。 which在定语从句中作宾语在定语从句中作宾语 We often think of the days when we w
14、orked together in the countryside. We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside. 1. Japanese uses three writing systems, including kanji_ originated(起源起源) in China. 2. Nineteen fifty-three was the year _Xinhua Zidian, or the New Chinese Dictionary, first came out. 3. Bones_s
15、ymbols were carved, known as “oracle bones, have contributed a lot to our understanding of Chinas past. 4. There are many reasons_English is so widely used around the world in the fields of science, business, and more. 5. Sign language is of great importance for people_are deaf or have poor hearing.
16、 Activity4: Fill in the blanks with the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary. that/which when/in which where/on which why who When I started studying German, it was a struggle.The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in m
17、y head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day _ I
18、suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language.It felt like my brain had doubled in size.I had finally come to a place _I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal _ I had been fighting for. I could
19、 open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason _ my mum had encouraged me not to give up.Thanks,Mum! where when where that/which why Activity5: Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary. 1. I still r
20、emember the day_ I first came to Beijing. 2.This is the room _ my grandparents lived last year. 3.Do you know the reason_ he refused to go to Marys birthday party. 4. He works in a factory_ makes this type of iPhone. 5.The factory _ his father works is in the west of the city. Activity6: Exercise wh
21、en/on which where/on which why/for which that/which where/in which Assignment 1.Think about one of your favourite memories, and then write a short paragraph about it. Use the expressions below to help you. One of my favourite memories is one of the time when. The place where it happened was. That was the day when. The reason why. Thank you!
