1、前定 一名词性短语 1.定义:由几个名词几个名词或一个名词及其修饰语一个名词及其修饰语 构成的短语 peace and war; an amazing sight 2. 作用:主、宾、表、同位语、宾补 3.修饰语(定语) 限定词、形容词、 名词、现分、过分 后定 介短、分短、 不短、定从等 前置定语前置定语 (1)限定词: 前位限定词:前位限定词:all,both,half,double,twice,one-third , what 等等 中位限定词:中位限定词:a(n),this,the,my, his,her等,等,this,that, these, those,some, no, eve
2、ry等等 后位限定词:one,two等;first,second等,last,next, many,much等; (2)形容词:“县官行令宴国才县官行令宴国才” “美小圆旧黄,中国木书房” a beautiful small round old yellow Chinese wooden study (3)名词作定语 a tea cup sports shoes (4)Ving 作定语作定语(表示主动、进行;性质或用途)(表示主动、进行;性质或用途) a dancing girl; boiling water; a swimming pool (5)V-ed 作定语(表示被动、完成或仅表完成)
3、作定语(表示被动、完成或仅表完成) polluted river; a raised platform; fallen leaves (限定(限定+观点(观点(beautiful/bad/cold)+ 外观外观大小长短高低大小长短高低+形状形状 (round/square)+ 年龄(新旧)年龄(新旧)+颜色颜色+国籍国籍+材料材料 后置定语: (1)介词短语 a ball under the bed the students on the playground (2)形容词短语 the plants and animals unique to the country; a boy eager
4、to get his toy (3)现在分词短语(与所饰名词构成主动关系,表主动、进行)现在分词短语(与所饰名词构成主动关系,表主动、进行) a girl dancing on the stage; the boys swimming in the pool (4)过去分词短语(与所饰名词构成被动关系,表被动、完成)过去分词短语(与所饰名词构成被动关系,表被动、完成) a bridge built in Tang Dynasty; the doctors highly praised by the people (5) 不定式短语不定式短语 a way to solve the problem
5、 the chance to study further Exes 翻译句中名词短语并指明该短语在句中所作句子成分。翻译句中名词短语并指明该短语在句中所作句子成分。 1. 他正在帮助那些沉溺于网络游戏的沉溺于网络游戏的孩子孩子。 He is helping those children _(addict) to the computer games. 2. 正在给孩子们演讲的正在给孩子们演讲的这位老人这位老人是钟南山院士。 The old man _(give) a lecture to the children is Dr Zhong. 3. 政府正在清理这条被污染的这条被污染的小河小河。
6、The government is clearing up the _(pollute) river. 4. 我们仍然是一个发展中的发展中的国家国家。 Our country is still a _(develop) country. 5. 大家认为姚明是一个出色的运动员。 We consider Yao Ming an _sports player. 6. 我们的班主任我们的班主任李老师时刻关心着我们。 Teacher Li, _,is always concerned about us. addicted giving polluted developing excellent 宾语宾语
7、 主语主语 宾语宾语 表语表语 宾补宾补 our head teacher 同位语同位语 二 形容词 短语 1.定义:以形容词为中心以形容词为中心构成的短语 young but wise; tired and hungry 2. 作用 定语定语 He is a person full of confidence. 状语:修饰主语状语:修饰主语 Tired and hungry, he got home. 宾补:宾补: He found his answer correct and proper. 表语表语 The road is long and wide. Exes 翻译句中形容词短语并指明
8、该短语在句中所作句子成分。翻译句中形容词短语并指明该短语在句中所作句子成分。 1. 我的房间小但很舒服小但很舒服。 My room is _. 2. 她是一个喜欢轻音乐的女孩子。 She is a girl _. 3. 孩子们安然无恙的到家了。孩子们安然无恙的到家了。 _, the children arrived home. 4. 他发现这个卡片虽小但很漂亮。他发现这个卡片虽小但很漂亮。 He found the card _. small but comfortable fond of llight music Safe and sound small but beautiful 表语表语
9、 后置定语后置定语 状语状语 宾补宾补 三 副词 短语 1.定义:两个或者多个副词由两个或者多个副词由and或或but构成 的短语 quickly and correctly,clear enough 2. 作用: 状语 修饰形容词修饰形容词 The dress was rather too small for her. 修饰副词修饰副词 he is running rather too fast in the match. 修饰句子修饰句子 Very luckily, he was not in the house then. 修饰动词修饰动词 He drives extremely car
10、efully. Exes 翻译句中副词短语并指明该短语在句中所作句子成分。翻译句中副词短语并指明该短语在句中所作句子成分。 1. 他打字又快又准确又快又准确。 He types_. 2. 方华写作文时极其认真。 Fang Hua writes the article_. 3.非常不幸地,非常不幸地,他错过了末班车。 _,he missed the last bus. 4.最为重要的是,最为重要的是,他一直在努力。 _, he is always doing his best . quickly and correctly extremely carefully /rather too carefully Most importantly 状语状语 状语状语 状语状语 状语状语 Very unfortunately