1、Section Discovering Useful Structures 走近新课走近新课一起感知一起感知 语法探究语法探究一起思考一起思考 走近新课走近新课一起感知一起感知 指出下列句子中的定语从句指出下列句子中的定语从句 1.It was a time when people were divided geographically. 答案答案:when people were divided geographically 2.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where t
2、he Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 答案答案:where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction 3.There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. 答案答案:why people learn a foreign language 4.These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carve
3、d by ancient Chinese people. 答案答案:on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people 语法探究语法探究一起思考一起思考 语法精讲语法精讲 定语从句定语从句(二二) 一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 1.关系代词的选用关系代词的选用 在介词后做宾语的关系代词一般只有在介词后做宾语的关系代词一般只有which和和whom。如先。如先 行词是物行词是物,引导词用引导词用which;如先行词是人如先行词是人,引导词用引导词用whom。 This is the ship on w
4、hich I went to Shanghai. 这就是我去上海所乘坐的轮船。这就是我去上海所乘坐的轮船。 This is the student for whom I bought the book. 这就是我给买书的那个学生。这就是我给买书的那个学生。 2.介词的选用介词的选用 (1)根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯。根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯。 This is the book on which I spent 10 yuan.(on与与spend搭配搭配) This is the book for which I paid 10 yuan.(for与与pay搭配搭配) 这就是我花了这就是
5、我花了10元买的那本书。元买的那本书。 (2)根据先行词的搭配习惯。根据先行词的搭配习惯。 I still remember the day on which I first came to this school. (on与与the day搭配搭配) 我仍然记得我第一次来学校的那天。我仍然记得我第一次来学校的那天。 (3)表表“所有所有”关系或关系或“整体中的一部分整体中的一部分”时用时用of,of which/whom有时可用有时可用whose转换。转换。 The old woman has two sons,both of whom are doctors. 那位老人有两个儿子那位老人有
6、两个儿子,他们都是医生。他们都是医生。 That table has four legs,all of which are very short. 那张桌子有四条腿那张桌子有四条腿,它们都很短。它们都很短。 They live in a house,whose windows face south.= They live in a house,the windows of which face south. 他们住在一个窗户朝南的房子里。他们住在一个窗户朝南的房子里。 (4)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。 Air,without which man c
7、ant live,is really important. 空气太重要了空气太重要了,没有它人类就不能生存。没有它人类就不能生存。 3.介词的位置介词的位置 介词一般放在关系代词介词一般放在关系代词which和和whom之前之前,也可放在原来也可放在原来 的位置。的位置。 The house in which we live is not large. =The house (which/that) we live in is not large. 我们住的房子不大。我们住的房子不大。 This is the man from whom I learned the news. =This is
8、 the man (that/who/whom) I learned the news from. 这就是告诉我消息的那个人。这就是告诉我消息的那个人。 二、关系副词引导的定语从句二、关系副词引导的定语从句 常见的关系副词有常见的关系副词有when,where,why。 1.when引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示时间的词引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示时间的词,如如 time,moment,month,day,year等等,在定语从句中做时间状语。在定语从句中做时间状语。 Do you remember the day when he was born?(He was born on the
9、 day. on the day做时间状语做时间状语) 你记得他出生的日子吗你记得他出生的日子吗? We dont know the exact time when they will return. (He will return at the time. at the time做时间状语做时间状语) 我们不知道他回来的确切日期。我们不知道他回来的确切日期。 2.where引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词,如如 school,house,village等等,在定语从句中做地点状语。在定语从句中做地点状语。 This is the house w
10、here he was born.(He was born in the house. in the house做地点状语做地点状语) 这就是他出生的房子。这就是他出生的房子。 3.why修饰表示原因的词修饰表示原因的词,在定语从句中做原因状语。在定语从句中做原因状语。 Tell me the reason why you were absent yesterday. 告诉我你昨天缺席的原因。告诉我你昨天缺席的原因。 4.在定语从句中在定语从句中,关系副词常可变为关系副词常可变为“介词介词+which”的形式。的形式。 Do you remember the day when/on which
11、 he was born? She worked in Japan for a few years when/in which she taught English. Tell me the reason why/for which you were absent yesterday. 【即学即用】【即学即用】 用适当的关系词完成句子用适当的关系词完成句子 1.(1)Literature is a subject _I know little about. (2)Literature is a subject about _I know little. 2.(1)Dad is a person
12、 _I can easily talk to. (2)Dad is a person to _I can easily talk. 3.(1)This is the play _we are talking about. (2)This is the play about _we are talking. which/that which who/whom/that whom that/which which 4.(1)The subject _Eric is interested in is Physics. (2)The subject in _Eric is interested is Physics. 5.(1)The study is the place _I often have talks with my father. (2)The study is the place _I often have talks with my father. that/which which where in which
