1、Section Starting out & Understanding ideas .核心词汇 1_ v. (使)摆好姿势 2_ n. 食品杂货店 3_ adj. 遥远的 4_ n. 名人，明星 5_ n. 试验 pose grocery faraway celebrity trial .拓展词汇 1_ n着迷，迷恋_ v深深吸引，迷住 2_ n时尚_ adj.流行的 3_ adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的_ adj.复杂的，难懂的_ vt.使复杂化 fascination fascinate fashion fashionable uncomplicated complicated com
2、plicate .阅读词汇 1lens n. _ 2craft n. _ 3anthropologist n. _ (照相机、摄像机的)镜头 (某一行业所需的)技能 人类学家 .重点短语 1_ 只不过是 2_ 各种各样的 3_ 对入迷/着迷 4_ 对的奉献/专心 5_ 将注入 6_ 不管，不顾 7_ 请一天假 8_ 从未；从来没有 9_ 对的酷爱 10_ (婉辞，指去世)亡故 nothing more than a wide range of fascination with/for devotion to put. into regardless of take a day off not
3、once a passion for pass away .重点句型 1These things were real, and _ within their reality _ Cunningham saw both beauty and potential. 这些东西都是真实的，正是在它们的真实中，坎宁安看到了 美和潜力。 2Moreover, _ made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work. 此外，
4、坎宁安的伟大之处在于他对摄影的热爱，以及他在工 作中投入的大量时间和精力。 it was that what 根据课文内容选择正确答案 1What do we know about Bill Cunningham according to the first two paragraphs? AHe is a cycling lover. BHe is a poor worker. CHe is an old man wearing fancy clothes. DHe is an American photographer. D 2What are Paragraph 3 and 4 main
5、ly about? AHow Cunningham found his inspiration. BCunningham was devoted to photography. CThe reasons why Cunningham was so great. DThe equipment Cunningham used was expensive. C 3What was Cunninghams attitude to fashion? A. It belongs to everyone. B. It only belongs to photographers. C. It only bel
6、ongs to high society. D. It has nothing about what you wear. A 4What do we know about Cunningham from the last paragraph? AHe didnt stop taking photos until he died. BHe was fond of taking photos all his life. CHe wanted to be one of the observed. DHe was more a cultural anthropologist than a fashio
7、n photographer. B 第一版块第一版块|重点词汇诠释重点词汇诠释 1.nothing more than仅仅，只不过，无非是(相当于 only/merely) What Ive learnt though is that the huge percentage of all my worries is nothing more than the illusions of my mind. 然而我所知道的是我很大一部分的担忧，只不过是我自己的 幻觉罢了。 The newly discovered notes are nothing more than Lans personal j
8、ournal. 新发现的笔记只不过是兰的个人日志。 即学即练 翻译句子 It is nothing more than a made- up story. _ Lucys home was nothing more than a large farm. _ 这只不过是一个杜撰的故事。 露西的家不过是个大农场。 联想拓展： nothing less than是一个用于突出强调某事物在某方面极其重 要、特殊、引人注目的短语，常常置于名词或形容词之前。可译 为“不亚于”“完全”“无异于”“简直是”“正是”“恰恰 是”等来加强修饰语气。 Nothing less than a worldwide ef
9、fort can control and perhaps someday wipe the disease. 正是全球的努力才能控制这种疾病并有可能某天消灭它。 His failure was due to nothing less than his own carelessness. 他的失败完全是由于他自己的粗心。 2.range nC, usually sing.一系列；(变动或浮动的)范围， 界限，区间；C山脉；C，U射程 vi.(在一定范围内)变动，变 化；包括(从到)之间的各类事物 vi.& vt.徘徊，漫步， 四处移动 (1)a wide/full range of. 各种各样的
10、 in/within range (of.) 在()可及的范围内 out of/beyond range (of.) 超出(的)范围 (2)range from. to. 在与之间变化；包括从 到之间 range between. and. 在与之间变化 This school provides a full range of activities for students. 这所学校给学生们提供各种活动。 The expensive car is well out of his price range.这辆昂贵的车 远远超出了他能承受的价格范围。 We waited until the en
11、emy was within range.我们等到敌人进 入我们的射程。 Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called Alps. 在意大利和法国之间，有一座被称作阿尔卑斯山的山脉。 The population of these cities ranges between 3 million and 5 million. 这些城市的人口在300万到500万之间。 She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor
12、. 她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Try talking to different community members, _ (range) from youths to seniors, to understand their opinions of the world. Different forms of English programs ranging _ singing, dancing and short plays _ musicals were displayed. ranging from to 佳句写作： While the polar
13、bears are rare north of 88 ， there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic. 虽然北极熊在(北纬)88 以北很少见，但有证据表明它们的活 动范围遍及整个北极。 3.fashion n. U，C(衣服、发式等的)流行款式，时兴式样； C(行为、活动等的)时尚，时兴 be in fashion 正流行 come into fashion 流行，开始风行 be/go out of fashion 不流行，过时 follow (the) fashion 赶时髦 a fashion show 时
14、装秀，时装表演 Jeans are still in fashion in many big cities among the young. 在许多大城市中，牛仔裤在年轻人中仍然很流行。 Long skirts have come into fashion again.长裙又流行起来 了。 All the staff in our company are considering going to the city centre for the fashion show. 我们公司的所有员工都在考虑到市中心去看时装秀。 即学即练 完成句子/单句写作 随着新词的流行，一些旧词正在消失。 As ne
15、w words _， some old ones are disappearing. 去年流行短发。 Short hair was _ last year. 他的思想已经很落伍了。 His ideas _. 那些爱赶时髦的人发现他们曾以为时髦的很快就过时了。 _ _ (fashion) come into fashion in fashion have gone out of fashion Those who like following (the) fashion find what they have thought fashionable out of fashion soon. 归纳
16、拓展： fashionable adj.流行的，时兴的，时髦的；时髦人物使用的， (尤指)有钱人常光顾的 4take off (1)休息，休假(为及物动词短语) (2)脱下，摘掉(为及物动词短语) (3)(飞机等)起飞(为不及物动词短语) (4)突然大受欢迎，迅速流行，突然成功(为不及物动词短语) (5)调离，解除(工作、职务等)(为不及物动词短语) Id like to take next Monday off to visit my sister in hospital. 我想下星期一请假去看望我住院的姐姐。 I wish youd take off that hat when you a
17、re in the classroom. 我希望你在教室的时候把那顶帽子摘下来。 You neednt worry, for the plane takes off at 5 pm., and we still have time. 你不必担心，因为飞机下午5点起飞，我们还有时间。 His career began to take off in his thirties.他在三十多岁时事 业开始腾飞。 即学即练 判断下列句子中take off的含义/完成句子 Tim took off his coat and jumped into the water to save the drowning
18、 boy._ When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather._ After his third film, his career of film performance took off._ His mother was seriously ill, so he had to take a day off._ Sir, could you please take your seat? The plane is _ (起飞) 脱下 起飞 突然成功 休假 taking off 佳句写作： The officer
19、leading the investigation has been taken off the case. 主持调查此案的警员已被撤下。 5.approach nC(待人接物或思考问题的)方式，方法，态 度；路径，通路；sing.(距离或时间上的)靠近，接近 vt.& vi.(在距离或时间上)接近，靠近(作不及物动词时，相当于around the corner, draw near) an approach to. 的方法/方式；通往的道路(to为介 词，后跟名词，代词或v.- ing) at the approach of. 随着的来临/临近 At the meeting, they di
20、scussed three different approaches to the study of mathematics. 会议上，他们讨论了三种学习数学的方法。 Soldiers were guarding all approaches to the palace. 士兵们守卫着通向宫殿的所有道路。 At the approach of the college entrance examination, most of us stay up late to study. 随着高考的临近，我们大多数人熬夜学习到很晚。 Approaching the vehicle, they saw th
21、at a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. 靠近那辆车后，他们看见一位女士正试图从破了的窗户里出 来。 As the summer holiday approaches/is around the corner/is drawing near, many of us are planning how and where to spend our holidays. 随着暑假的到来，我们当中很多人在计划去哪里、如何度 假。 即学即练 判断下列句子中approach的词性及含义/单句语法 填空 The sports meeting
22、is approaching. We are busy preparing for it._ Can you think of another good idea? This is the best approach I can imagine to finishing the work ahead of schedule._ If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention._ Facing up to your problems rather than running aw
23、ay from them is the best approach to _ (work) things out. vi.(在时间上)接近，靠近 n.方式，方法 vt.(在距离上)接近，靠近 working 词语联想： approach problem 接近问题 approach topic 接近主题 approach angle 接近角；趋近角 approach whith 用方式；借助方法 approach to 的方法 6.benefit n优势，益处；成效；(公司提供的)福利，奖金； 保险金 v对(某人)有用；使受益；得益于；得利于 for sb.s benefit 为帮助某人；为某人
24、的利益 be of benefit to. 对有益处 benefit from sth. 得益于某事；得利于某事 The discovery of oil brought many benefits to the town.石油的 发现给该镇带来很多好处。 It was good to see her finally reaping the benefits of all her hard work. 看到她终于收获辛勤劳动的成果令人欣慰。 Dont go to any trouble for my benefit！别为我费工夫！ Doing yoga is of great benefit
25、to your health.练瑜伽对身体很 有好处。 We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone. 我们应该把这笔钱花在大家都能得益的事上。 Who exactly stands to benefit from these changes？到底是谁 会从这些变革中直接获益？ 即学即练 单句语法填空 Cycling is highly _ (benefit) to health and the environment. Many thousands have benefited _ the new trea
26、tment. I have typed out some lecture notes _ the benefit of those people who were absent last week. beneficial from for 名师点津：beneficial adj.有利的，有用的 Its a drug that has a beneficial effect on the immune system. 这是一种有益于免疫系统的药物。 be of benefitbe beneficial 7.rather than (1)rather than意为“而不是”，常用于连接平行结构，它
27、连接 的并列成分可以是动词、动词不定式、v.- ing、名词、代词、形容 词、介词短语或句子。 (2)rather than连接两个不定式时，后一个常省略to。rather than 位于句首时，也常跟不带to的动词不定式。 (3)rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与 rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致，即“就前原则”。 具有相同用法的词语还有as well as, together with, with, besides等。 He is a sailor rather than an explorer.他是一个海员，而不是 一个探险者。(连接两个名
28、词) He is kind- hearted rather than foolish.他是好心，而不是傻。 (连接两个形容词) We should help him rather than he should help us. 我们应该帮助他，而不是他应该帮助我们。(连接两个句子) He wanted to swim rather than play volleyball.他想去游泳， 不想去打排球。 Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he preferred to sell them at half price. 他宁愿半价出售，也不愿让
29、蔬菜烂掉。 My mother rather than I is fond of that kind of movie. 是我母亲，而不是我，喜欢那种类型的电影。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Elephants would attack rather than _ (escape) when in danger. Rather than _ a bike in the freezing weather, she prefers _ on a crowded bus.(ride) In my opinion, it is you rather than he that _ (be) to blame
30、 for the terrible accident. escape ride to ride are 特别提示：rather than还可用于“prefer to do. rather than do.”“would do. rather than do.”“would like to do. rather than do.”结构中，表示“宁愿做而不愿做”，相当于 “prefer doing. to doing.”“would rather do. than do.”。 I would rather have a quiet night reading at home than go out
31、 having fun. 我宁愿安安静静地在家里看书，也不愿出去玩。 8.observe vt.看到，注意到，观察到 vt.遵守(规则、法律 等)(相当于obey)；庆祝，庆贺，欢度(相当于celebrate) observe sb. doing sth. 注意/观察到某人正在做某事 observe sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事 observe sth. done 看到某事被做 Adults and children observe the world differently.成人和孩子 以不同的方式观察世界。 I observed him chatting with a str
32、anger.我看到他正和一个陌 生人聊天。 I observed a man enter the room.我看到一个男人进入了这 个房间。 The old man observed the painting stolen by a young man. 这位老人看见那幅画被一个年轻人偷走了。 Everyone should observe the law.每个人都应该守法。 How do people observe New Year in your country？你们国家 的人怎样庆贺新年？ 即学即练 单句语法填空 When I passed by his house, I observ
33、ed him _ (play) in the yard. She was observed _ (go) into a restaurant with a well- known writer. I observed an insect _ (eat) by some ants just now. Sherlock Holmes is famous as a detective as he is known to everybody for his quick thinking and careful _ (observe) playing to go eaten observation 归纳
34、拓展：observation nU，C观察，观测，监视；C(尤 根据所见、所闻、所读而作的)评论 observer nC观察家，观测者，目击者；观察员，旁听者 特别提示：observe sb. do sth.结构如果用于被动语态，应还原 不定式符号to，即sb. be observed to do sth. 第二版块|重点句型解构 1.(教材P15)These things were real, and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.这些东西 都是真实的，正是在它们的真实中，坎
35、宁安看到了美和潜力。 本句是由and连接的并列句，and后的分句为强调句型。 强调句型的基本结构是：Itis/was被强调部分that/who 其他。学习强调句型时需要注意以下几点： (1)可强调句子的主语、宾语、表语或状语，通常不用于强调 谓语或定语。 (2)强调句型中的It本身没有词义。 (3)被强调部分指人时用that/who均可，其他情况通常用that。 It was John that/who I met in the library this morning. 今天上午我在图书馆里遇到的人是约翰。 It was when we were returning home that I
36、realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 正是在我们回家的时候我才意识到帮助处于困境中的人的感 觉是多么令人愉悦。 (4)被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It后的be动词均用单数形 式，即is或was。用is还是was要根据原句的时态而定。属于现在或 将来时间范畴的时态，用is；属于过去时间范畴的时态，用was。 It is Jack who loves football most in the family. 这家人中最喜爱足球的人是杰克。 It was Alice and her friend
37、 who sent the old man to the hospital. 是艾丽斯和她的朋友把那位老人送到了医院。 (5)被强调部分如果是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在 人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致。 It is you that/who are too careless.是你太粗心了。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Have you searched the kitchen for your car key? No. It was in the study _ I remember I left it. I have been left behind but I have a
38、 goal like all the other runners: I will run to the end. And it is my motherland that _ (give) me the power to move on. Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry? that gives that _ was not until I was chosen as monitor of the class that I came to realize the importance of teamwo
39、rk. It _ only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat. Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident? No, _ only two passengers _ got hurt. It was it was that/who 归纳拓展：强调句型的特殊形式 一般疑 问句式 Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他？ Was it you that/who I saw las
40、t night at the concert? 昨晚在音乐会上我见到的人是你吗？ 特殊疑 问句式 特殊疑问词is/wasit that/who其他？ Who was it that told Jim the news？是谁告诉吉姆这个 消息的？ not until 强调句式 It is/was not until.that其他 Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized. 巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初他的音乐天赋才完 全
41、得到认可。 强调句型 在宾语从 句中的应 用 连接词it is/wasthat/who其他 I wonder who it was that told Jim the news.我想知道是 谁告诉吉姆这个消息的。 2.(教材P15)Moreover, what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.此外，坎宁安的伟大之处在于他对摄影 的热爱，以及他在工作中投入的大量时间和精力。 what引导的主语
42、从句 what引导的从句在句中作主语时，就是主语从句。 what表示“的东西/事情”，在从句中作主语、宾语等成 分。 What you need is a warm sweater.你需要一件暖和的毛衣。 (what在主语从句中作宾语) What impressed me most was his optimism about life.给我印 象最深的是他对生活的乐观。(what在主语从句中作主语) 即学即练 单句语法填空 Perhaps _ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. _ good soil is graduall
43、y lost is another problem. _ you have done might do harm to other people. _ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. _ she became an artist may have been due to her fathers influence. what That What What That 特别提示：that在主语从句中不表任何含义，不作任何成分， 只起连接作用，故必须接完整的句子。 That he said something a
44、t the meeting astonished everybody present. 他在会上说的话使在场的每个人都感到惊讶。(此时That不表 示任何含义，不作成分) .单词拼写 1I was ready to pay for my bananas at the _ (超级市场) one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. 2After the wedding, we all _ (摆好姿势) for a photograph. 3When every pupil in the school wears the uniform,
45、nobody has to worry about _ (时尚) 4In 1944, at the age of 30, Hersey suddenly became a _ (名人) grocery posed fashion celebrity .单句语法填空 1He has a number of interests, _ (range) from playing chess to swimming. 2My father took a day _ to come with me for my performance. 3Chinas approach to _ (protect) it
46、s environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the banks Juergen Voegele. 4After many years of _， he has _ that lions have their unique way to communicate.(observe) ranging off protecting observation observed .课文语法填空 Bill Cunningham, a white- haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the street
