1、Welcome to our class,状语从句,1. 时间状语从句,2. 地点状语从句,3. 原因状语从句,4. 条件状语从句,5. 让步状语从句,6. 目的状语从句,7. 结果状语从句,8. 方式状语从句,9. 比较状语从句,1.状语定义: 合句中由从句担任状语，称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语、定语或状语，或是整个句子 2. 当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从 句。分类如下：,什么是状语？,时间,地点,条件,让步,原因,目的,结果,比较,方式,状语从句,一. 时间状语从句,1.注意时态一致. 一般情况下: 主句 是将来时的时候, 从句 用一般现在时 1.表示同时性，即主从句的谓
2、语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。,1.时间状语从句,引导词可分为两部分,as while when whenever before after until (till) since as soon as,every time next time the first/time the moment the minute/ instantly immediately directly (一就),as引导的时间状语从句, 可以表达“正当”， “一 边一边”，“随着”等意思。,1. 表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared.,2. 表示在
3、某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.,3. 表示两个动作同时发生。 Helen sang a song as she washed.,4. 表示“随着”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果。 As she grew older, she became more beautiful.,1. as, while , when的区别,while:持续性动词 进行时,1.一般或现在情况 2.将来情况V一般现在时或现在进行时 3.过去情况,e.g. I like listening to music while
4、 I am doing my homework .,e.g. Im going to the post office. - While you are there, can you get some stamps for me?,e.g. I hurt my should while I was doing gym.,When: 1.当的时候 When I was young, I went to town myself. When he receives the letter, hell tell us.,before引导的时间状语从句,1. 常译为“在之前”， 2.表示主句的动作发生在从句
5、的动作之前。,1.We clean the classroom before we leave school every day.,2.It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.,after引导的时间状语从句,1.常译为“在之后”， 2.表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。,1.After you use plastic bags, you mustnt throw them about.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。,The Amrican War lasted four years _ the North won
6、in the end. A. After B. before C. when D. then,B,since引导的时间状语从句,1.常译为“自从”， 2.主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。,1.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。,We havent seen each other since we parted.,常用句型：It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从句 “自从有多长时间了 ”,2.自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。,It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university.,befo
7、re,after,since,He had left the town the day _ she arrived. It was not long _ he left his hometown. I played football _ I (had) finished my homework Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping. It will not be long _ we meat each other again. It _ (be) two years since we _ (begin) to use this machin
8、e.,before,after,before,before,after,is/ has been,began,until/ till引导的时间状语从句,1.常译为“直到时”， 2.表示主句动作发生在从句之前。,当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。,1：我会待在这里，直到你回来。,Ill stay here until you come back.,当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时, 主句常用否定形式。 not until“直到才”，这时until 可用before替换。,He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.,2.他直到做
9、完作业才睡觉。,_ he heard this, he got very angry. 2. I met Lucy_ I was walking along the river. 3. _ a child, he lived in the countryside. A. when B. while C. as,对比训练 1,A,B,C,1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain. 2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son. 3.
10、 Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during,对比训练 2,A,B,A,as soon as引导的时间状语从句,1.译为“一就”， 2.表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。,1.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。,I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.,2.相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the mi
11、nute, the instant等.,2.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.,1.Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake.,1. It cost me 20 yuan to get to the Quanzhou Museum yesterday. Well, it was a waste of money to take a taxi _ you could have gone by bus as well. (11泉州市质检） A. when B. while C
12、. unless D. because,2. You never really know whether you could handle failure _ you come face to face with it. (11厦门市质检） A.until B. after C. when D. while,3Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office（10四川） Asince Bthat Cwhen Duntil,4. John thinks it wont be
13、 long he is ready。for his new job. （10陕西） A. when B. after C. before D. since,A,5.How can you expect to learn anything you never listen？ (06山东31) A.in case B.even ifC.unless D.when,6.She had just finished her homework_ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday(09福建33) . A. when B.
14、 while C. after D. since,7.You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card.(09上海32) A. before B. if C. while D. as,需要注意的几点: 1.在时间(或条件)状语从句中,要注意时态一致.一般情况下, “主将从现” When he receives the letter, hell tell us. 1.When _again? When he_, Ill let you know. (NMET88) A. he comes; come
15、s B. will he comes ;will come C. he comes; will come D. will he come; comes,牛刀小试(时间状语从句),_ he was on holiday he caught a bad cold. Since B. While C. As D. During 2. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. When B. Since C. While D. As 3. She will write to you as soon as she _ to Paris. A. Will get
16、B. gets C. get D. got,Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. So that B. although C. while D. as if 2. Tom was about to close the window _ his attention was caught by a bird. When B. if C. and D. till 3. John thinks it wont be long _ he is ready for his new job. A. When B. before C.
17、 after D. since,C,A,B,5. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phone. A. As B. since C. until D. before 6. It was a long time _ we met again. A. Before B. since C. for D. when 7. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he rea
18、ches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. until D. after,8. Dont stop _ you meet with a word you dont understand. A. at the time B. each time C. while D. During 9. -did you remember to give Alice the money you owe her? -Yes, _ I saw her, I remember it. A. while B. the instant C. suddenly D. so
19、on 10. _ a baby turtle is hatched, it must be able to feed for itself. No sooner than B. No sooner C. So soon that D. As soon as,原因状语从句,1.表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 2.常用的连接词是：because, as, since, now that, for,和considering that, seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱。,e.g. He didnt come to school be
20、cause he was ill.,c.f. He might be ill, for he didnt come to school.,表示“直接”原因。,表示“间接的推断”原因. 不可出现在句首。,3. 原因状语从句,because, since, as, for的区别:,1.because直接原因，非推断语气最强 回答why的问题。 2.since 通常放句首译为“既然” 3.as 不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。 4.for 放句中，引导后半句表原因, 或补充推断的理由。,1. because:因为, 2. As: “由于”, 表示较为明显的原因,语气弱 As you request it,
21、 I will come. 3. Since:”既然 ”表示对方已经知道的事实或理由 Since everybody is here, lets begin. 4. now that：因为,既然已,现在已经 Now that Ive seen how he lives, I know why he needs so much money.,1. I danced in front of the people _ I liked it. 2. Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do a lot of walking. 3. _ he was not well, I decided to go without him. 4. _ everybody know about it, I dont want to talk any more. 5. He must be ill, _ he is absent Today. 6. Some people believe that _ oil is runn
