1、被动语态,Passive voice,被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 被动语态由be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,I speak Chinese.,Chinese is spoken by my .,基本结构：A+be+ 过去分词+（by B）,am/is/are +done,was/were+done,Shallwill be + done,情态动词+be+ done,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,pract
2、ice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,He plants trees in spring.,主（执行者）,谓,宾(承受者),Trees,are planted,by,him,改为被动语态,in spring.,主动语态变被动语态口诀： 宾语提前主语变， 原主变宾by后见， 时态人称be关键。,i
3、s spoken by,He speaks English.,English,English.,He,him.,主（执行者）,谓,宾(承受者),主动语态： 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 被动语态： 主语 + be + 过去分词 + by + 宾语,主动语态变被动语态口诀： 宾语提前主语变， 原主变宾by后见， 时态人称be关键。,Many people visit Sanya every year.,Sanya is visited (by many people) every year.,People eat seafood.,Seafood is eaten by people.,People
4、 take photos at the seaside.,Photos are taken at the seaside (by people).,Cao Wenxuan writes this book.,This book is written by Cao Wenxuan.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+ 谓语 +宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.,主动语态：,被动语态：,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,Bowls,are washed,by
5、,his brother,every day.,宾(承受者),主动语态：,被动语态：,主语+ am/are/is +动词过去分词+（ by宾语）+其他,一般现在时的被动语态：,1、He plants flowers in spring.,Flowers _in spring _.,2、They clean the classroom every day.,The classroom _ by_ every day.,3、Mother washes the dishes every day.,The dishes _ by mother every day.,are planted,by him
6、,is cleaned,are washed,练一练,them,主动：Children plant trees in spring.,被动： Trees are planted by children in spring.,一般疑问句： Are trees planted by children in spring?,回答：Yes, they are. No, they arent.,主动：They clean the classroom every day.,被动： The classroom is cleaned by them every day.,一般疑问句：Is the classr
7、oom cleaned by them every day?,回答： Yes，it is./No,it isnt.,仔细观察,肯定句：The books are read by students.,一般疑问句： Are the books read by students?,回答：Yes, they are. No, they arent.,Are the computers used by him?,The computers are used by them.,Are the computers used by them?,Yes, they are.,No, they arent. Th
8、e car is used by him.,悟一悟：通过观察以上句子，你发现了什么？一般疑问句是怎样构成的？,We drink water every day.,Water is drunk every day.,Is water drunk every day?,Yes, it is . No, it isnt.,通过观察，我们发现：被动语态的一般疑问句是这样构成的：,Be + 主语 + 过去分词 +（ by宾语）+ 其他,练一练,1、He often writes letters to his mother.,Letters _ often _ to his mother.,2、Uncle
9、 Wang rode the bike yesterday.,_his bike _by Uncle Wang every day?,_ letters often _ to his mother?,Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.,Yes, they are. No, they arent.,The bike _ _ by Uncle Wang yesterday.,are,written,Are,written,is,ridden,Is,ridden,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework today.
10、They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing. People speak English as the first language in UK.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy today.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,English is spoken as the fi
11、rst language in UK.,被动语态中的特殊情况 1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。 e.g. The students listen to the teacher carefully in class. 被动句：The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.,e.g. They look after the new students in the school.,被动句：The new students are looked after by them in the s
12、chool.,2.当动词带有双宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to” e.g. They make us do all the work. 被动句：We are made to do all the work by them. e.g. We often hear her sing songs. 被动句：She is often heard to sing songs by us. e.g. I saw him walk to school. 被动句：He was seen to walk to school by me.,这些动词真奇怪，主动句中t
13、o 离开，被动句中to回 来。（ let ，have ，make，feel，see ,watch, hear,notice),教某人某事 teach sb. sth. =teach sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 tell sb. sth.= tell sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 throw sb.sth.=throw sth. to sb. 把某物发送给某人 send sb.sth.= send sth. to sb
14、.,把某物带给某人 bring sb. sth. =bring sth. for sb. 给某人买某物 buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物 make sb. sth.=make sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 prepare sb. sth.=prepare sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物 cook sb. sth.=cook sth. for sb.,3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)， Mother cooked me rice. 将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来； I was cook
15、ed rice by mother. 如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for” 。 Rice was cooked for me by mother.,e.g. He gives me a flower everyday. 被动1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. 被动1 I was bought a computer by my mother . 被
16、动2 A computer was bought for me by my mother .,1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.I found the ticket on the
17、 floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,w
18、as made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _ _ _ _ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some
19、 wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike _
20、_ _ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students in this school study German. German _ _ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question often _ about _ _?,
21、is studied,Is,talked,by them,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。 1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully. Li Leis father is listened to carefully by Li Lei . 2.The mother looked after the baby in the room. The baby was looked after by the mother in the room. 3.We took care of the things. The things were taken care of b
22、y us.,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。 4.They gave us some work. We were given some work by them. Some work was given to us by them. 5.The boy made them laugh all the time. They were made to laugh all the time by the boy. 6.My mother buys me a bike. A bike is bought for me by my mother. I am bought a bike by my mother.,Homework : 1.He cleans the classroom everyday. 2.They fini
