1、Section B Reading and Thinking .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1. n.宇宙;天地万物 2. adj.有决心的;意志坚定的 3. vt.查明;确定;决定 4. vt.发起;上市 5. n.跳跃;剧增;剧变 vi.跃过 6. vt.发送 7. adj.失望的;沮丧的 8. n.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望 9. adj.持续存在的;仍在进行的;不断发展的 10. adv.独立地;自立地 11. adj.独立的;自立的 12. vt.标明;发信号 n.信号;标志 universe determined determine launch leap transmit disa
2、ppointed desire ongoing independently independent signal 13.vehicle n. 14.satellite n. 15.orbit n. vt.车辆 人造卫星;卫星 (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围 沿轨道运行;环绕运行 巨大的;伟大的 巨人;巨兽;伟人 人类 (政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处 资料;数据 航天器;宇宙飞船 太空行走;太空行走的时间 玉;翡翠;玉器 (两架航天器)对接;(使)进港 码头;船坞 重点短语 1.carry on 2.on board 3.go wrong 4.focus on 5.in the
3、hope of doing sth 6.lead to 7.so as to (do sth) 8.believe in 9.make great progress 10.dock with 继续做,坚持干 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上 出差错 专注于 抱 着的希望 导致 为了;以便 相信;信任 取得很大的 进步 对接 重点句式 1.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died. 2.China became the third coun
4、try in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. .释义匹配 1.universe A.an electronic device that is sent into space and moves around the earth or another planet 2.satellite B.to send something out,such as a new shi
5、p into water or a rocket into space 3.launch C.not influenced or controlled in any way by other people,events or things 4.transmit D.the whole of space and everything in it 5.independent E.to broadcast something,or to send out or carry signals using radio,television,etc. 答案:1.D 2.A 3.B 4.E 5.C .阅读导学
6、 根据pp.40-41课文内容,选择正确答案。 1.What do we know about Neil Armstrong? A.He was from the USSR. B.He was the first person to travel in space. C.He was in charge of launching the satellites. D.He was the first person to walk on the moon. 2.What does the word “this” in “Following this,many more goals.” refer
7、to? A.The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite. B.Yuri Gagarins going into space. C.The study of deep space. D.Neil Armstrongs walk on the moon. 答案:D 答案:D 3.Why do people still want to explore the universe despite the disasters? A.Because they want to show how advanced science is. B.Because they realis
8、e it is important to carry on space exploration. C.Because they provide continuous human presence in space. D.Because astronauts can work in the International Space Station. 4.What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us? A.China is the third country in the world to send humans into space. B.Yang L
9、iwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. C.China has made great progress in space exploration in recent years. D.Change 4 was sent to explore the surface of the far side of the moon. 答案:B 答案:C 重点词汇 1.However,some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to e
10、xplore space. 然而,一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。 【词汇精讲】句中的determined是形容词,意为“有决心的;意志 坚定的”。 He made determined efforts to overcome the difficulties. 他做出了不懈的努力去克服困难。 We are determined to get the work done before New Years Day. 我们下定决心要在元旦前完成这项工作。 【词汇拓展】 determine.查明;确定;决定 determine to do.下定决心做(表示动作) determine on
11、/upon sth 决定做某事 determination.决心,坚定,果断 with determination 坚决地;果断地 An inquiry was set up to determine the cause of the accident. 已展开调查以查明事故的原因。 Applying my own rule,I determined to write them in alphabetical order. 我决定运用自己的规则按字母顺序把它们写出来。 Mr Brown is determined to climb up to the top of Mount Tai.I be
12、lieve he will succeed because he is a man with great determination. 布朗先生决心爬到泰山顶。我相信他会成功的,因为他是个果敢 的人。 【微写作】 Li Ming is a young man with great determination.He is determined to go to Tibet after graduation.Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune,he left home without saying a w
13、ord. 李明是一个很有决心的年轻人。他决定毕业后去西藏。他决心在 发了大财之前绝不回来,于是一句话也没说就离开了家。 2.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的愿望从未消 失。 【词汇精讲1】disappointed是形容词,意为“失望的;沮丧的”, 在句中作宾语补足语。 They were bitterly disappointed at the result of the gam
14、e. 他们对比赛结果极为失望。 He was disappointed to see she wasnt at the party. 看到她没来参加晚会,他感到很失望。 【词汇拓展1】 be disappointed in/withsb 对某人感到失望 be disappointed to do sth 做某事很失望;因干某事 而感到失望 disappoint.使失望 disappointing.令人失望的 disappointment.U失望;沮丧 C令人失望的人; 令人扫兴的事情 to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是 If you think Ill agree t
15、o that,youre going to be sadly disappointed. 如果你认为我会赞同,你会大失所望的。 He left the station in great disappointment,for she wasnt on the train. 他极其失望地离开了火车站,因为她不在火车上。 The weather was bad and the food was terrible.Altogether the holiday was disappointing. 天气又坏,吃的又糟。总而言之,这次假日真令人失望。 【微写作1】 Today,the weather wa
16、s really disappointing because it was raining.Arriving at the park,we were disappointed to find it was not open today.To our disappointment,the library was closed,too. 今天的天气因为下雨所以十分令人扫兴。到了公园,我们很失望 地发现今天公园不开放。令我们失望的是,图书馆也关门了。 【词汇精讲2】句中的desire是名词,意为“渴望;欲望”,desire 还可作动词,意为“渴望;期望”。 I owned a bookshop an
17、d desired to expand the business. 我拥有一家书店,想要扩大业务。 【词汇拓展2】 satisfy ones desire 满足某人的欲望 have a strong desire to do sth 迫切想做某事 desire sth 渴望(得到某物) desire for/to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 desire + that.(should) do sth 希望做某事 She had a strong desire to be a dancer. 她非常渴望成为一名舞蹈演员。 【温馨提示】desi
18、re用作及物动词,不用于进行时态。desire意 为“希望”后接宾语从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动 词原形”。此外,desire作名词时其后所接主语从句、表语从句 和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。 【微写作2】 Do you think it is possible for a robot to desire to have his own needs and desires? 你认为机器人有可能渴望拥有自己的需求和欲望吗? 3.This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space explo
19、ration despite the huge risks. 这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性,哪怕面临巨大的风险。 【词汇精讲】carry on是动词短语,意为“继续做;坚持干”。 Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work. 她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。 I tried to carry on a conversation in English,but it far exceeded my ability. 我想用英语来交谈,但是力不从心。 【词汇拓展】 carry out 执
20、行;实行 carrythrough 完成;坚持下去 carry away 陶醉;使入迷 carry sbthrough 帮某人度过 She needed a clear head to carry out her instructions. 她需要一个头脑清醒的人来执行自己的指令。 I was carried away by the joy that spread across the country. 我沉醉于全国上下欢乐的气氛中。 【温馨提示】carry on意思是“继续下去,继续开展”,后面可以 直接跟名词、动词-ing或代词作宾语,也可以构成carry on with sth短语。ca
21、rry out意思是“进行,开展,执行,实行”,如:carry out a survey/an experiment/tests/a promise/a plan/an order进行调查/进行实验/进行测试/履行诺言/实施计划/执行命 令。 4.This signalled one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in the future. 这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。 【词汇精讲】signal作动词,意为“标志着;标明;发信号”。 signal也可作名词,意为“信号;标志”。 She
22、signalled that he was about to turn left. 她打手势表示他就要左转。 The siren was a signal for everyone to leave the building. 警报器一响,就是要所有人离开大楼。 【词汇拓展】 signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 signal (to) sbthat. 示意某人 atrafficsignal 交通信号 send out asignal 发出信号 But the king signaled him to be quiet and went on speaking. 但
23、国王却示意他安静并继续说。 The guard seems to be signaling to us with his arm. 警卫似乎正在挥臂向我们发信号。 【易混辨析】 signal “信号”,常指约定俗成,用于传达某些信息的信号,也指 灯光、声音或信号标志 sign “记号,标记”,可指符号(装置),也可指情绪、性格的直 观显示,还可指具体的用于识别或指示的标志,如指示 牌、卡片等 mark “标志,标记”, 含义广泛,指事物留下的深刻印记或某物 上用于辨别该物品的附属物 symbol “象征,符号”,指被人们选出的物体或图案用来代表另 一事物,并作为该事物的标记或象征 5.Desp
24、ite the huge risks though,people will always continue to explore this final frontier so as to learn its secrets. 尽管存在巨大的风险,但人们总会继续探索这个最后的边境,以了 解它的秘密。 【词汇精讲】so as to (do sth)意为“为了;以便”,引导的短 语在句中作目的状语。 He listened to the teacher carefully so as not to miss a word. 为了避免漏掉一个字,他仔细听老师讲课。 He often worked la
25、te into the night so as to earn enough money. 为了赚到足够的钱,他常工作到深夜。 【词汇拓展】(1)so as to=in order to,但so as to一般不用在 句首。 (2)in order to和so as to引导的目的状语可转换为so that或 in order that引导的目的状语从句,从句中常含有情态动词。 He bought an iPad so as to/in order to surf the Internet. =He bought an iPad in order that/so that he could s
26、urf the Internet. 为了上网,他买了一个iPad。 重点句式 1.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的愿望从未消 失。 【句式剖析】该句中made是谓语动词,其宾语是everyone,sad and disappointed是宾语补足语,用于补充说明宾语everyone的 情况。 His failing in the final exam made all of us
27、 disappointed. 他期末考试不及格让我们都很失望。 The noise in the school makes learning difficult. 学校里的吵闹声让学习变得很难。 【句式拓展】 make sb do sth 使某人做某事 be made to do sth 被迫做某事 The boss made them do very heavy work. 老板让他们干很繁重的工作。 They were made to do very heavy work. 他们被迫干很繁重的工作。 2.China became the third country in the world
28、 to independently send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. 2003年,杨利伟乘坐“神舟五号”飞船成功绕地球飞行,中国成为 世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。 【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。主句是China became the third country.,when引导的是定语从句。不定式短语to independently send humans into space in 2003作后置定语修 饰名词t
29、he third country。当被修饰成分前有序数词或形容词 的最高级及the only,the very修饰时,常用不定式作定语。 He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969. 1969年7月,他成为第一个登上月球的人。 【句式拓展】 常见的后接动词不定式作定语的名词有: promise plan attempt offer decision refusal failure ability chance warning anxiety eagerness willingness readiness He made a pro
30、mise to come tonight. 他答应今天晚上来。 This is surely a good chance for more people to see the photos. 这无疑是一个让更多的人看到这些照片的好机会。 .课文语篇填空 Since earliest time,man has dreamed of exploring the universe,but before the mid-20th century,it was considered 1 impossible dream.However,with the efforts of scientists,roc
31、kets that could escape Earths gravity 2 (make).In 1961,the USSR sent the first person into space.Then,American astronaut Neil Armstrong took the first step on the moon, 3 was considered a giant leap for mankind. Scientists tried 4 (ensure) the safety of the astronauts,but disasters still happened,wh
32、ich made everyone sad and 5 (disappoint).However,the desire to explore the universe never died.This is 6 people believe in the importance of carrying on space 7 (explore) despite the huge risks. China has made great progress in space programme in recent years.In 2003,Yang Liwei successfully orbited
33、Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.More 8 (recent),China has sent Change 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and 9 (observation). The future of space exploration remains bright.Despite the difficulties,scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us t
34、o understand how the universe began, 10 also help us survive well into the future. 答案:1.an 2.were made 3.which 4.to ensure 5.disappointed 6.because 7.exploration 8.recently 9.observations 10.but .概要写作 (根据教材p.40语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要) 参考范文 People are always curious about space and scientists efforts have
35、made the dream come true.(要点1) In the 1960s,both the USSR and the US sent astronauts into space,which was considered a giant leap for mankind.(要 点2) Though travelling into space is dangerous,mans desire to explore the universe stays the same.(要点3) China has made great progress in recent years.(要点4)And a bright future of space exploration lies ahead of us.(要点5)
