1、Grammatical Filling 语法填空解题技巧语法填空解题技巧 人教版高中英语人教版高中英语 一、观察与思考一、观察与思考 2.2.从设空的形式来看从设空的形式来看, , 设空形式主要有设空形式主要有_和和_。 1. 1. 从文章的形式来看从文章的形式来看, , 语法填空题主要有语法填空题主要有_和和_。 （20202020全国卷全国卷IIIIII） In ancient China lived an artist. 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One da
2、y the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. 63 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wi
3、se old man told him to travel to the Li Riverperhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world. Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66
4、 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of
5、 blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds. 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑谦卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature. （20142014辽宁卷）辽宁卷） Jonny: Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi (太极太极). Would you like
6、to join me? Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult? Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this. Peter: OK. Dont laugh 61 me. I may look funny. Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 62 (soft). Try
7、to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake. Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 63 (pain). Jonny: Keep 64 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 65
8、 stay in the air for seconds. Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer. Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competit
9、or and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! Peter: Unbelievable! Oh., 69 69 you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep 70 . 对话体对话体 纯空格形式纯空格形式 有提示词形式有提示词形式 短文体短文体 一、语境填词一、语境填词( (1 1个适当的单词个适当的单词), ), 发现考点发现考点 1. 1. (2014(
10、2014新课标新课标I) I) But the river wasnt changed in a few days But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64 64 even a few months. It even a few months. It took years of worktook years of work 2. 2. （20142014广东）广东）The next day, my brother and I went to the beach The next day, my brother and I went to the
11、beach 24 24 we watched some we watched some people play volleyball.people play volleyball. 3. 3. （20082008广东）广东）He was very tired He was very tired 64 64 doing this for a whole day, doing this for a whole day, 6 6 he felt he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.very happy since the crop
12、did “grow” higher. 4. 4. （20142014广东）广东）Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said who had been there before said 16 16 was a wonderful holiday destination.wa
13、s a wonderful holiday destination. 5. 5.（20142014新课标新课标I I）Now, years later, this river is one of Now, years later, this river is one of 63 63 most outstanding examples of most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.environmental cleanup. 6. 6. （20142014新课标新课标II II）Then the driver stood up an
14、d asked, “_ anyone lose a suitcase Then the driver stood up and asked, “_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”at the last stop?” 发现：设空形式为发现：设空形式为_ _ 的考点常有：的考点常有： _。 oror wherewhere butbut from/afterfrom/after it it 并列连词、从属连词、介词、代词、冠词和助动词并列连词、从属连词、介词、代词、冠词和助动词 纯空格形式纯空格形式 thethe DidDid 7. (20097.
15、 (2009广东广东) Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last ) Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking, ” Jane decided to stop smoking, ” Jane 1 1 (inform).(inform). 8. (20148. (2014新课标新课标II) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, II) One morning, I was waiting
16、at the bus stop, worried about _( be) late for school.worried about _( be) late for school. 9. (20139. (2013广东广东) “That would be a very ) “That would be a very 4 4 ( reason ) thing ( reason ) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” to do in a big city, but it coul
17、d destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nick said. 10. (201410. (2014新课标新课标I) The river was so polluted that it I) The river was so polluted that it 62 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. (actual) caught fire and burned. 11. (200911. (2009广东广东) But Jane knew from past experience that her ) B
18、ut Jane knew from past experience that her 6 6 (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 一、语境填词一、语境填词( (提示提示词的正确形式词的正确形式), ), 发现考点发现考点 发现：设空形式为发现：设空形式为_ _ 的考点常有：的考点常有： _。 was informedwas informed beingbeing reasonablereasonable actuallyactually
19、choicechoice 有提示词形式有提示词形式 谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词 2. 2. 从文章的形式来看从文章的形式来看, , 语法填空题主要有语法填空题主要有 对话体对话体和和短文体短文体。 4. 4. 从设空的形式来看从设空的形式来看, , 设空形式主要有设空形式主要有纯纯 空格形式空格形式 （3 3题，填题，填1 1个单词）和个单词）和有提示词有提示词 形式形式 （7 7题，提示词的正确形式）。题，提示词的正确形式）。 3. 3. 从文章的体裁来看从文章的体裁来看, , 语法填空题主要有语法填空题主要有记记 叙文、夹叙夹议叙文、夹
20、叙夹议和说明说明文。文。 Summary 1. 1. 明确题目要求：在空白处填入明确题目要求：在空白处填入1 1个适当个适当 的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 二、语境填词二、语境填词 ，发现规律，发现规律 1. (20141. (2014新课标新课标I) Maybe you leave a habit I) Maybe you leave a habit 67 67 is driving is driving your family crazy.your family crazy. 2. (20122. (2012广东广东) The new boy looked
21、at the teacher for a few seconds ) The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered and all the other students wondered 9 9 the boy would do .the boy would do . 3. (20123. (2012广东广东) ) 5 5 he thought he could escape he thought he could escape attention by sitti
22、ng at the back, he was wrong . attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong . which/thatwhich/that whatwhat Although/ThoughAlthough/Though 规律规律1:1: 连接从句连接从句 名词性从句名词性从句 状语从句状语从句 定语从句定语从句 填从属连词填从属连词 规律规律2:2: 4. (20144. (2014广东广东) We were told that our rooms hadnt been ) We were told that our rooms h
23、adnt been reserved for that week, reserved for that week, 19 19 for the week after.for the week after. 5. (20145. (2014广东广东) So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and ) So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much buy some sal
24、t, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much 2 2 too little.” too little.” 6. (20146. (2014湖南湖南) For example, television sets need not be played ) For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (at full volume (音量）音量） 51 51 loud pop music should not loud pop music should not be p
25、layed very late at night.be played very late at night. 二、语境填词二、语境填词 ，发现规律，发现规律 butbut nornor 连接两个或几个并列成分或并连接两个或几个并列成分或并 列分句，填并列连词。列分句，填并列连词。 andand 规律规律3:3: 7. (20127. (2012广东广东) He suddenly appeared in class one day ) He suddenly appeared in class one day 1 1 ( wear ) sun glasses. ( wear ) sun glas
26、ses. 8. (20098. (2009广东广东) She wished that he was as easy ) She wished that he was as easy 2 2 (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. 9. (20149. (2014广东广东) We got a little ) We got a little (sunburn), (sunburn), b
27、ut the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind. 10. (200810. (2008广东广东) Being too anxious to help an event develop often ) Being too anxious to help an event develop often 10 10 (result) in the contrary to our intention.(result) in the contrary
28、 to our intention. 11. (201411. (2014辽宁辽宁) Tai Chi ) Tai Chi 66 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in (call) “shadow boxing” in English. English. 二、语境填词二、语境填词 ，发现规律，发现规律 wearingwearing to pleaseto please sunburnt/sunburnedsunburnt/sunburned resultsresults is calledis called 提示词提示词 为动词为动词 谓语谓语 非谓语非谓语 时态、语态和主谓
29、一致时态、语态和主谓一致 祈使句（表达“命令、建议、请求），用动词原形祈使句（表达“命令、建议、请求），用动词原形 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语( (- -ing/ing/- -ed/to do)ed/to do) 规律规律4:4: 12. (201212. (2012广东广东) Mary felt ) Mary felt 3 3 (please), because there were (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. many empty seats in the
30、 room. 13. (201413. (2014辽宁辽宁) The ) The 68 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.likely you will get hit. 14.14.（20142014广东）广东）She was She was 22 22 （surprisesurprise）helpful.helpful. 15.15.（20072007广东）广东）We drank together and talked We
31、 drank together and talked 8 8 (merry) (merry) till far into the night.till far into the night. 二、语境填词二、语境填词 ，发现规律，发现规律 pleasedpleased harderharder surprisinglysurprisingly merrilymerrily 提示词：提示词： 形容词、副词形容词、副词 等级等级 比较级或最高级比较级或最高级 词性词性 转换转换 形容词形容词 作表语、定语或宾补作表语、定语或宾补 副词副词 修饰动词、副词、形容词修饰动词、副词、形容词 或整个句子或
32、整个句子 规律规律5:5: 16. (201416. (2014广东广东) She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare ) She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on VIP room on 23 23 top floor. top floor. 17. (201117. (2011广东广东) We had ) We had 9 9 amazing conversation.amazing conversation. 18. (201418. (2014湖
33、南湖南) By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, ) By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors, you can enjoy you can enjoy 2 2 friendly relationship with them.friendly relationship with them. 二、语境填词二、语境填词 ，发现规律，发现规律 thethe anan a a 名词前缺限定词填冠词名词前缺限定词填冠词a, an, thea, an, the。 规律规律6:6: 19.
34、 (201419. (2014辽宁辽宁) Unbelievable! Oh., 69 you dont mind, Ill stop ) Unbelievable! Oh., 69 you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep and take a deep 70 70 . . 20. (200920. (2009广东广东) But Jane knew from past experience that her ) But Jane knew from past experience that her 6 6 (choose) of ties hardly e
35、ver pleased her father.(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 二、语境填词二、语境填词 ，发现规律，发现规律 breathbreath choicechoice 填名词：填名词： 充当主语、宾语充当主语、宾语 固定短语固定短语 词性转换：词性转换： 动词动词名词名词 规律规律7:7: 21. 21. （20112011广东）广东）He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy He got off the bus before me and I felt ve
36、ry happy the rest of the way home. Im glad I made a choice. It made the rest of the way home. Im glad I made a choice. It made 1 1 of us feel good.of us feel good. 22. (200922. (2009广东广东) She remembered how difficult ) She remembered how difficult 1 1 was to choose was to choose a suitable Christmas
37、 present for her father.a suitable Christmas present for her father. 23. (200823. (2008广东广东) It is said that a short) It is said that a shorttempered man in the Song tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help 1279) was very anxious to help 3 3 rice crop rice crop
38、 grow up quickly. grow up quickly. 二、语境填词，发现规律二、语境填词，发现规律 both both it it his his 空格词充当主空格词充当主 语、宾语语、宾语 填代词（人称代词、不定填代词（人称代词、不定 代词、反身代词）代词、反身代词） 名词前缺限名词前缺限 定词定词 填形容词性物主代词填形容词性物主代词 纯空格题的考点： 1.连词。有时考一题，有时考两小题， 一道从句连词一道并列连词。 2.冠词、介词。 3. 助动词（构成疑问句或强调谓语 动词的do，did，does）、情态动词、连接性副 词（before,ago,anyway,otherw
39、ise,instead, afterwards,then,later,earlier等）。强调结构 itis.that中的that也要留意。 纵观历年高考语法填空题，可以发现语法填空主要有以下三种出题方向： 给词题的考点： 1.谓语动词必考一题，有时两小题，其中一题 或是动词be，涉及主谓一致，或含有情态动词； 2.非谓语动词考24题，但不定式、动名词、 现在分词、过去分词各自最多只考一题； 3.词类转换考13题。 两个常考点：比较级、名词的复数形式。注意： 名词所有格也可能考。 3.代词的考法 当空格是句子主语时，即需要填主格人称代词时不 给提示词，当空格需填物主代词、宾格人称代词、 反身代
40、词时，可给出主格人称代词作为提示词。填 不定代词时可不给提示词，除非是填其所有格形式。 总结：三个”四 “ 即： 四个必考点 ： 四个常考点： 四个可考点： 解题步骤 (1) 略读全文抓大意。 (2) 结合语境，先易后难，试填空格。 从句子结构的完整性去分析思考具体填哪类词， 再根据句意及句子之间的逻辑关系确定具体的答案。 (3) 重读全文，击破难题。 四、合作学习，真题体验四、合作学习，真题体验 （2014辽宁卷）辽宁卷） Jonny: Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi (太极). Would you like to join me? Peter: I know
41、 nothing about it. Is it difficult? Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this. Peter: OK. Dont laugh 61 me. I may look funny. Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight.
42、Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake. Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain). Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds. Peter:
43、I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer. Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The
44、68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! Peter: Unbelievable! Oh., 69 you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep 70 . at at softly softly painful painful holding holding it it is called is called as as harder harder if if breath breath 2020年全国卷二年全国卷二 Deorating w
45、ith Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 1 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3 (come) back to life and best wis
46、hes for new beginnings. These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country: Oranges: Orange trees are more 4 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 5 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. Bamboo: C
47、hinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 6 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8 (care) for and make great presents. Branches of Plum Blossoms
48、 (梅花): The 9 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. celebration celebration carries carries comingcoming than than decorated decorated Certainly Certainly with with to care to care beautiful beautiful the the
