1、必修三 M3 课时讲义 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly _ it was. 答案：where 2_ average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 _ (death) and 1,500 _ (injury) 答案：On; deaths; injuries 3By the time it ended, more than 700 pe
2、ople had been killed and 2,700 had _ (injure) 答案：been injured 4The worst hurricane disaster of all time _ (occur) the 8th September 1900 in Galveston, Texas. 答案：occurred on 5The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was _ (destroy) by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended up _ the sea. 答案：destroyed; i
3、n 6China is situated in one of the most active earthquake regions in the world and there _ (be) many terrible earthquakes. 答案：have been 7_ all, 830,000 people lost their lives. 答案：In 8The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake _ has ever happened. 答案：that 课堂导入课堂导入 9F
4、ires _ (cause) by the California Earthquake did the most damage. 答案：caused 10The fires burned for three days, _ (destroy) a total _ 25,000 buildings. 答案：destroying; of 1 experience vt.经历；体验 nC经历；U经验 Do you know anyone who has experienced one of the events？(P21) 你认识曾经经历过其中一种事件的人吗？ (1)experience U 经验
5、C 经历 have much experience in/at sth. 在方面有经验 lack of experience 缺乏经验 an unforgettable experience 一次难忘的经历 (2)experience sth. 体验/经历/感受某事 (3)experienced adj. 有经验的 be experienced in/at 在方面有经验 知识讲解知识讲解 2013 四川高考Home is where we can remember pain, love, and some other experiences:_we parted here; my parent
6、s met here; I won three championships here. 家是我们能记得痛苦，爱和一些其他经历的地方：我们在这里分开；我的父母在这里见 面；在这里我赢得三个冠军。 He is an officer with experience,_who has many unusual experiences. 他是个有经验的军官，有着很多不同寻常的经历。 Jumping out of an airplane at ten thousand feet is quite an exciting experience. 从一万英尺高的飞机上跳下来是一次非常激动人心的经历。 2015
7、 安徽高考If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety. 如果你来到中国游览，你将会体验一种有惊人深度和多样性的文化。 2 bury vt.埋葬；遮盖；使专心 Bury glass far away from rivers. be buried alive 被活埋 bury ones face in hands 双手掩面 be buried in bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于 译林4We needed to bury the dead bodies
8、as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading. 我们需要尽快将尸体埋藏，以防疾病扩散。 牛津高阶Since she left, he has_buried_himself_in his work. 自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。 朗文词典Noel buried_his_face_in the pillow. 诺埃尔把脸埋在枕头里。 特别提示 表示“专心于”的常见短语还有：be devoted to; be absorbed in; be addicted to; be lost in; focus on; concentrate on 等。
9、3 occur vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现 Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.(P23) 几乎所有这些飓风都发生在美国，从东南部的德克萨斯州到北部的南达科地区。 (1)sth. occur(s) to sb. 某人想到；浮现在某人的脑海中 (2)It occurs to sb. to do sth. that- clause 某人想到 2014 北京高考Observe carefully if any
10、change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. 在实验室里做实验时要仔细观察是否发生了变化。 2013 湖南高考Not once did it occur_to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. 迈克尔从没想到有一天他能成为班上的优等生。 It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. 他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要会议。 易混辨
11、析 occur 表示“发生”时，表述较正式，常以具体的事件、事物为主语，此时可以与 happen 互换； 表示“在脑海中出现某种想法”时， 要用 occur， 而不可用 happen take place 多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生，比如举办活动、发生变化等 happen 表示“发生”时，强调事件发生的偶然性和不可预见性，其主语为事物；表 示“碰巧”时，常用于 it happenedthat- 从句或 happen to do sth.句型中 break 多指战争、自然灾害、某种疾病的爆发 out 选词填空(occur/take place/happen/break out) aGrea
12、t changes have _ in China in the past two decades. bDoes everyone know what to do if a fire _？ cWell still be friends, whatever _. dThe meeting will _ soon. eRalph W. Emerson would always set down new ideas that _ him. 答案：a.taken place bbreaks out chappens dtake place eoccurred to 特别提示 表示“发生”的词或短语都是
13、不及物动词(短语)，其主语都是事情、事件等。 表示“某人想到”还可以用下列句式：It struck/hit sb. that.。 4 strike vt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；敲钟，报时；擦，划(火柴) n(雷 电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工 By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.(P23) 到 19 世纪 90 年代末他已搬到了 Galveston，并于 1899 年，也就是飓风袭击的前一年在 那里去世。 (1)str
14、ike sb.介词the身体部位 打某人某处 be struck_by 被打动 sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想起 It strikes sb. that./It strikes sb. to do.某人突然想到 strike a match 划火柴 (2)be_on strike 在罢工 go_on strike 举行罢工 图解助记 写出下列各句中 strike 的意思 aA snowball struck him on the back of the head._ bA rather worrying thought struck me._ cYou cant help bei
15、ng struck by her kindness._ dIn many countries, the police are forbidden to strike._ eIt was dark in the room so he struck a match._ 答案：a.击；撞 b(突然)被想到 c被打动 d罢工 e划火柴 易混辨析 strike 当“打”讲时，表示突然地，一次性地“击”；也可指钟打点 hit 指“打”时，侧重于对某一点“打中，击中”，指有目标的“打”。也可表示成功 轰动一时的人或物 beat 指连续“殴打，击败”或“敲打”，还可指心脏、脉搏的跳动 选词填空(strike/
16、hit/beat) aWaves _ against the cliffs (悬崖) bThe bus _ the bridge. cThe clock has just _ three. dThe average persons heart _ 70 times a minute. 答案：a.beat bhit cstruck dbeats 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 1It _ (occur) to him that he had left his keys in the office. 答案：occurred 句意：他突然想到他把钥匙落到办公室了
17、。 22015 重庆高考Without his wartime _ (experience), Hemingway wouldnt have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. 答案：experiences 句意：没有战争时期的经历，海明威不可能写出他的著名小说永 别了，武器 。 32013 重庆高考What _ (strike) me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. 答案：struck 句意：影片中最打动我的就是那位父亲对儿子深深的爱。strike 的过去式
18、 应为 struck。 4They were _ (bury) alive by the enemies. 答案：buried be buried alive “被活埋”。 5人教4In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in _ (ruin) 答案： ruins 句意： 在可怕的 15 秒内， 一座大城市就沦为一片废墟。 in ruins “成废墟； 严重受损”。 62015 北京高考Once the damage is _ (do), it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
19、答案：done do damage (to sth.) 为固定搭配，意为“(对)造成损失”。此处考查被 动。 7人教4Everyone believes that global warming is caused _ the activities of humans. 答案：by 句意：人们普遍认为全球变暖是人类活动所导致的。be caused by “由 引起”。 8译林4Cars are one of the leading causes _air pollution in the world today. 答案：of cause 作为名词“原因”讲时，常用 cause of 结构。 9A
20、fter failing in the college entrance examination, he was _ (bury) in his studies. 答案：buried be buried in 意为“埋头于，专心于”。 10 The _ earthquake damaged their village. Luckily, only a few people were injured. But they were _.(terrify) 答案： terrifying; terrified 第一个空修饰 earthquake, 故用 terrifying， 表示“令人害怕的， 吓人
21、的”；第二个空修饰人，意为“感到害怕的”，故用 terrified。 1 end up 以结束；结果是 The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended up in the sea.(P23) 科格伦的墓地被飓风毁掉，结果灵柩也冲到大海里去了。 (1)end (up) in 以告终，结果为 end (up) with 以结束(指以某种方式结束) end up as 最终成为 end up doing_sth. 最终以做某事而结束 (2)come to an
22、 end 结束 put an end to 结束 from beginning to end 从头至尾，自始至终 on end 竖立；笔直地；连续地 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 关键一点 end up in 后接表示结果的名词，end up with 后接表示伴随方式的名词性的词或短语。 2013 大纲全国卷“Having all this information in one place could end_up_saving your mothers life，” Dr Marie Savard said. “把这些信息放在一个地方最后也许会挽救你母亲
23、的性命，”玛丽 萨卫德医生说。 人教3Even a successful inventor makes many experiments that end_in_failure. 即使是成功的发明家也有很多以失败告终的实验。 北师大1If you try to remember everything you will end_up_remembering nothing. 如果你想记住所有内容，结果反而会什么也记不住。 现代英语用法词典The meeting came_to an end at last. 会议终于结束了。 现代英语用法词典It will turn out all right
24、in_the_end. 最终一切都会变好的。 朗文词典It rained for three days on_end. 雨连续下了三天了。 2 in all 总共；共计 In all, 830,000 people lost their lives.(P29) 总共有 83 万人丧生。 above all 最重要的是，首先 after all 毕竟，终究 at all 全然；根本；究竟；到底 first of all 首先强调顺序 all in all 总的说来 2014 重庆高考After_all,_spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty;
25、tracking them can make you aware of something more. 毕竟，发现老虎只能证实它们的美，跟踪它们才能使你认识到更多的东西。 人教1All_in_all,_her mother and I are very happy with her progress. 总而言之，我和她妈妈看到她的进步很高兴。 牛津高阶There were twelve of us in_all for dinner. 我们一共十二个人吃饭。 过关演练 选词填空 catch fire； pick up； put out； in all； by the time； on aver
26、age； end up； set.on fire 1He visited, _ ten hospitals in China. 答案：in all 2Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just _ with sweet dreams. 答案：end up 3The boy went down to _ the wallet on the ground. 答案：pick up 4_ you arrive, I will have left. 答案：By the time 5The price of the egg is e
27、ight yuan per kg_. 答案：on average 6Without firemen the villagers around tried many ways to _the fire. 答案：put out 7It seems that something has _. 答案：caught fire 8A cigarette end _ the house _. 答案：set; on fire 1 They can destroy houses, but leave_the_furniture_inside exactly where it was.(P23) 它们(龙卷风)能
28、够毁坏房子，但是房子里面的家具却留在原地。 人教3Running a marathon will leave_you_out_of_breath. 一场马拉松会让你上气不接下气。 We should not leave the tap water running or waste any materials in the lab class. 在实验课上，我们不应该忘记关水龙头或者浪费材料。 They covered him with a blanket, only leaving his eyes exposed. 他们给他盖上毛毯，只留出眼睛来。 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单
29、词)或括号内单词的正确形式 12015 课标全国卷When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough_(cool) the house during the hot day. 答案：to cool 考查不定式作结果状语，adj.enough to do 句型，表示“足以”。 22013 课标全国卷The sunlight is white and blinding, _ (throw) hard- edged shadows on the ground. 答案：throwing 考查
30、现在分词作结果状语。 3It _ (occur) to him that he didnt close the windows. 答案：occurred it occurred to sb. that.“某人突然想到”。 4 _ (thank), I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 答案：Thankfully 考查副词修饰句子。 5_ is the possibility of a big earthquake which could hit this area. 答案：There 固定
31、句式。There is the possibility of sth.“有的可能性”。 过去完成时的被动和间接引语 过去完成时由“助动词过去分词”构成，用法有以下几种： (1)表在过去某一动作或时间之前已完成的动作； (2)表从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作； (3)表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句； (4)用在间接引语或宾语从句中，放在 said, thought, told, wondered 等动词后面，表示在 这动作之前已经发生的行为； (5)用在“It was the first/second time that.”句型中。 12015 唐山调研Father_(leave
32、) for London on business upon my arrival, so I didnt see him. 答案：had left “had been done”为过去完成时的被动结构 单句改错 22014 天津高考We wont start the work until all the preprarations had been made. _ 答案：hadhave 间接引语： 如果把直接引语变为间接引语， 一般会转变成宾语从句， 从句中的人称， 时态，代词，时间状语和地点状语都要做相应的改变。 3时态变化 He said, “Ive not heard from him
33、since May” He said he_him since May. 答案：hadnt heard from 4时间状语 She said, “I went there yesterday.” She said that she had been there_. 答案：the day before yesterday (1)一般疑问句变为间接引语时要用whether或 if引导， 并将疑问语序变为陈述语序； (2)祈使句变间接引语时需将动词原形变为 to do； (3)不定式(在句中作宾补)；不定式前根据意思使用 tell, ask, order 等动词； (4)直接引语如果是客观真理，变
34、为间接引语时，时态不变。 52015 四川资阳高三一诊Ive received an offer from a German university, but Im still hesitating _I should accept it. 答案：whether/if 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 1Experiments of this kind _ (conduct) in both the US and Europe well before the Second World War. 答案：had been conducted 22013 辽宁高考H
35、e was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _ (have) it for a very long time. 答案：had had 32015 浙江高考If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 答案：what 42015 四川高考The exhibition tells us _ we shoul
36、d do something to stop air pollution. 答案：why 52016 河北衡水中学二模I really wonder _ there is any possibility that he will win the tennis match this time. 答案：if/whether 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 家庭作业家庭作业 归纳总结归纳总结 A The earthquake affected the s
37、tudents of the destroyed areas in many ways: losing parents, being scared and feeling lonely. How can we help them? Teens reporter talked with Lin Dan, the program director of the Sunshine in Your Heart Project at the Red Cross Society of China. How will the earthquake affect the teenagers mentally?
38、 Theyll have feelings of fear, anger and feel they are not safe. They will find it hard to focus. They will tend to cry and shout and tremble. And they might be afraid to be alone. What will happen if they are not helped? The teenagers will find it hard to live in a balanced way. If things get worse
39、, they might not be able to focus on their studies. They might give up on life. How can we help them overcome these problems? The first thing is to build up trust with them. Show your sympathy and sadness, and be their friends. Then you have to give them a sense of safety. Tell them that theres a so
40、lution to every problem. Thirdly, try to satisfy their psychological needs. Be a good listener if he or she needs to talk. Some of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared. What should they do? Talk with an adult or share their feelings with someone who
41、 might feel similar. If this doesnt help，then they should see a doctor for professional help. 21Whats the best title of the passage? A. The Scare Caused by the Earthquake B. Dealing with the Pain Left behind after the Earthquake C. How to Get a Sense of Safety D. The Psychological Needs 答案与解析：B 主旨大意
42、题。文章主要论述了如何消除震后灾区学生们的伤痛、恐惧 等心理问题，故选 B 项。 22 The underlined word “psychological” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to “_” A. mental B. physical C. material D. professional 答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。文章主要讲了地震给灾区的学生们造成的心理、精神问 题以及如何消除这种心理、精神问题，故我们也要尽力满足他们的心理或精神需求。mental 精神的；physical 身体的，物理的；material 物质的；professio
43、nal 专业的。 23From the passage，we can infer that _. Athe scare caused by the earthquake can be relieved quickly Bseeing a doctor is the most important measure to deal with the problems C. the images on TV can also affect people and even cause problems Dto help them overcome these problems, we should al
44、ways talk with them 答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的 Some of them were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared.可知应选 C。 24When helping them overcome the problems, we need not _. A. build up trust with them B. give them a sense of safety C. solve every problem they have
45、for them D. be a good listener if they need to talk 答案与解析： C 细节理解题。 根据文章第七段可知C项与“Tell them that theres a solution to every problem.”不符。 B When newspapers and radio describe the damage caused by a hurricane named Hazel，girls named Hazel are probably teased by their friends. To keep out of trouble, th
46、e Weather Bureau says, “Any resemblance between hurricane names and the names of particular girls is purely accidental.” Some women became angry because hurricanes are given their names, but many other women are proud to see their names make headlines. They dont even care that they are the names of
47、destructive storms. Because more women seem to like it than dislike it, the Weather Bureau has decided to continue using girls names for hurricanes. In some ways，a hurricane is like a person. After it is born, it grows and develops, then becomes old and dies. Each hurricane has a character of its ow
48、n. Each follows its own path through the world, and people remember it long after it is gone. So it is natural to give hurricanes names，and to talk about them as if they were alive. 25What happens to girls named Hazel according to the passage? A. They suffer from hurricanes. B. The Weather Bureau looks for them. C. Others often make fun of them. D. They cant find boyfriends. 答案与解析： C 细
