1、教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1Confucius is the philosopher _ influence has been the greatest. 答案：whose 2For many years he travelled from state to state, _ (teach) the principles of Confucius. 答案：teaching 3He spent his last year _ (prepare) a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius. 答
2、案：preparing 4_ (bear) in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor. 答案：Born 5In some ways, his beliefs were similar to _ of Confucius. 答案：those 6Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those _ are weaker than ourselves. 答案：who 7_ the Industrial Revolution, factories a
3、ppeared and mass production became possible for the first time. 答案：With 8These changes became possible because _ inventions such as the steam engine. 答案：of 9Often, factory workers lived in poor and crowded _ (condition) 课堂导入课堂导入 答案：conditions 10At first the steam engine was used in _ (mine), but it
4、was soon used in factories and on the railways. 答案：mines 1 equal adj.平等的；相等的；胜任的 vt.等于；比得上 n同等的人或物 All human beings are equal.(P41) 所有的人都是平等的。 (1)be equal to (doing) sth. 能胜任，与相等 be equal in. 在方面相等 (2)equal sb./sth. (in sth.) 与某人(某事物)相同或相等 (3)without equal 无匹敌者，首屈一指 (4)equally adv. 平等地；相等地 (5)equali
5、ty n. 平等；相等 2014 陕西高考Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment. 在教育和就业方面，男女必须平等。 知识讲解知识讲解 现代英语用法词典The old man was not equal to the situation. 这个老人不能应付这种形势。 牛津高阶There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class. 这个班男女人数相等。 2015 安徽高考In fact, when it comes to the art of wa
6、r, ants have no equal. 事实上，当谈到战争的艺术时，没有任何东西能和蚂蚁相比。 一句多译 他能胜任这项工作。 aHe is equal _ the job. bHe is up _ the job. cHe is fit _ the job. dHe is qualified _ the job. 答案：a.to bto cfor dto do 2 stress vt.强调，加压力于；使紧张 n压力，重压；强调 He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.(P43) 他强调善良、责任和
7、秩序在社会中的重要性。 (1)stress the importance of 强调的重要性 under stress 在压力之下 under the stress of 在压力下；为所迫 lay/put/place stress on 强调；把重点放在上 (2)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的 stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 2014 辽宁高考The author of the passage aims to stress the benefit of taking notes by hand. 作者的写作目的就是在强调用手做笔记的益处。 人教3Decide
8、 on a day to quit smoking. Dont choose a day that you know is going to be stressful,_such as the day of an exam. 确定一个开始戒烟的日子。不要选有压力的一天，比方说考试的日子。 人教3If you start to feel nervous or stressed,_do not reach for a cigarette. 如果你感到紧张或有压力，不要伸手去够香烟。 朗文词典She stressed the importance of a balanced diet. 她强调了均衡
9、饮食的重要性。 朗文词典Pugh laid particular stress on the need for discipline. 皮尤特别强调了纪律的必要性。 3 order n秩序；次序；命令；订购；点的饭菜 vt.命令；订购；点(饭菜) He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.(P43) 他强调善良、责任和秩序在社会中的重要性。 (1)in order 整齐，秩序井然；按顺序；妥当的；处于良好状态 out_of order 发生故障；次序颠倒；混乱 place an order for sth
10、. with sb. 向某人订购某物 (2)order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 orderthat- clause 命令从句谓语动词为(should)动词原形的虚拟语气形式 2014 湖南高考Mrs Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. 托滕女士通常会沿着一排排的桌子来回走动， 按照我们的作
11、业纸上出现的问题的顺序让 学生一个接一个地回答。 2013 陕西高考To celebrate the end of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant. We ordered hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter. 为庆祝我们考试的结束， 我和朋友们去了家快餐店。 我们在柜台处点了汉堡包和可口可 乐。 2013 陕西高考Obviously, people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise (行
12、使) big power, but people who take orders from others have less power. 很明显， 处于掌握大权位置的人(如州长)行使大权， 而听从命令的人却拥有更少的权力。 人教3Im sorry, but this phone is out_of_order. 很抱歉，这部电话出故障了。 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 1Sometimes when kids are _ (stress) and upset they take it out on themselves. 答案：stressed 句意：
13、有时当孩子感到压力大而感到沮丧时，他们就把愤怒发泄在自 己身上。主语是 kids，所以应填形容词 stressed “有压力的，紧张的”。 2The most important quality of the boy is his _ (honest) 答案：honesty 考查 honest 的名词形式。 3If you dont like the drink you _ (order), just leave it and try a different one. 答案：ordered 句意：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料，不要管它，试试别的吧。“点饮料” 动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。 4Ev
14、eryone is supposed to have the _ (free) to choose their way of life. 答案：freedom 考查名词形式。 5 2014 辽宁高考Your _ (contribute) will certainly make the event a huge success. 答案：contribution your 修饰名词，所以用 contribution。 62014 安徽高考In fact, it is many young peoples ambition to set up programmes or businesses tha
15、t improve social _ (condition) 答案： conditions 句意： 事实上， 是很多年轻人创业的雄心才提高了社会环境。 condition 常用复数形式表示，“环境，条件”，比如说：living/housing/working conditions “生活/住 房/工作条件”。 7_ no condition will I give in to him. 答案：On on no condition 意为“在任何条件下都不，决不”，放于句首时，句子要 用部分倒装。 8My parents were in a huge _ (argue), and I was re
16、ally upset about it. 答案：argument 句意：我父母吵得很凶，我对此很苦恼。 9The car has been well maintained and is in excellent _. 答案：condition be in condition 意为“状态(况)良好”。 10The island is _ (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. 答案：equally 句意：这座岛屿因气候宜人，在春、秋两季都非常具有吸引力。此处应
17、 使用副词形式来修饰形容词 attractive，故填 equally。 1 bring up 养育；抚养；提出；呕吐 His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.(P43) 他的父亲在他小时候就去世了，是母亲把他抚养长大的。 bring about 引起，导致事故、变化等 bring back 带回；使回忆起某事 bring down 使降低；使倒下 bring in 引入；赚得，挣得 bring out 显现出；使发挥 bring through 使渡过困难、危机等 (1)写出下列各句中 br
18、ing up 的意思 Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing. _ 人教3He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River. _ 现代英语用法词典The witness brought up fresh evidence. _ 现代英语用法词典He was so ill that he brought up everything. _ 答案：养育 抚养，养大 提出 呕
19、吐 (2)完成句子 牛津高阶We need to bring_in a lot more new business. 我们得吸引更多的新业务。 牛津高阶A crisis brings_out the best in her. 危机使她表现得更加出色。 牛津高阶What brought_about the change in his attitude? 是什么使他改变了态度？ 2 in some ways 在某些方面；在某种程度上 In some ways, his beliefs were similar to those of Confucius.(P43) 在某些方面，他的思想与孔子的类似
20、。 on the way 在途中 by the way 顺便说一下 in this/that way 这样那样 in a/one way 在某种程度上 in the way 障碍；挡住去路 朗文词典I find it easier to work in_this_way. 我觉得这样做容易一些。 人教2In some important ways they are very different from one another. 在某些重要方面，他们还是彼此不同的。 人教3In_a_way our programmer is like our coach. 在某种程度上，我们的程序员就像我们的
21、教练。 1 Mencius believed that the_reason_why man is different from animals is_that man is good.(P43) 孟子认为，人不同于动物的原因是人性善。 the reason why.is that.是一个固定句式，意为“的原因是”。其中 why 引导 的是定语从句，that 引导的是表语从句。 reason 的常用句式： The reason for sth. doing sth. is/was that. why.is/was that. that/which.is/was that. the reason
22、 后定语从句中的关系词用 why 还是用 that 或 which，取决于其在从句中所 承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用 that 或 which；缺少状语用 why，for which。 2014 辽宁高考This is the reason why the word belated was invented. 这就是 belated 这个单词被发明的原因。 2013 陕西高考The_reason_why the author offered a lift to the elderly man was_that she wanted to repay the favour she on
23、ce got. 作者让老人搭车是因为她想报答她曾经获得的恩惠。 The reason that/which/ he explained at the meeting was that he didnt catch the first bus. 他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上早班车。 2 Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were no_faster_than a horse.(P48) 人们最早使用汽车是在 19 世纪末，而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。 no比较级than表示“并不比”两者都不 (1)
24、no more than 仅仅；只不过 more. than. 与其说倒不如说 not more than 不超过 not more. than. 没有那样 more than 多于，超过；不仅仅；非常，很；超出 (2)the more. the more. 越就越 He was so poor that he had no_more_than ten dollars left. 他穷得只剩下 10 美元了。 The boy was more frightened than hurt. 这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。 This book is no_more_interesting than
25、 that one. 这本书和那本书一样没意思。 2013 课标全国卷Try not to cough more_than you can help since it may cause problems to your lungs. 尽量能控制咳嗽就别咳嗽，因为咳嗽会伤到肺。 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词) 1The reason _ he failed the exam is that he didnt work hard. 答案：why 2It will take _ more than five days to read the book. 答案：no 32015 湖北
26、高考That was _ he had bought the papers with all his money. 答案：why 4It is _ more than thirty miles from London as he crow flies. 答案：not 5The reason _ the young man gave for his success is that he was both clever and hardworking. 答案：that/which 限制性定语从句的用法 关系代词引导的定语从句 (1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词
27、，作主语或宾语。 (2)whose 用来指人或物，作定语，若指物，还可以用 of which 互换。 (3)which, that 代替先行词是事物的名词或代词，作主语或宾语。 (4)as 可指代人或物，在句中作主语或宾语，常用于 the same. as, such. as, as. as 固定 结构中。 12015 福建厦门一中高三期中Have you bought the same book _ I referred to yesterday? 答案：as 关系副词引导的定语从句 (1)when, where, why 的含义相当于“介词which”结构，可互换。 (2)判断关系副词还是
28、关系代词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语， 就必须用关系代词；而不及物动词就必须用关系副词。 2What are some situations _ body language is the only form of communication? 答案：where 介词关系代词 (1)当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能是 which 或 whom 且不可省略。 (2)固定搭配的动词短语如 listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of 等，在 定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。 3 The clev
29、er boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see what was happening inside the house. 答案：through which 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词) 12015 绵阳一诊We expect you to become someone of _ well feel very proud in the future. 答案：whom 22016 苏州调研Doing voluntary work is a good way to enrich students knowledge _ is usual
30、ly unable to be acquired from textbooks. 答案：that/which 32014 山东高考A company _ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 答案：whose 42013 北京高考Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. 答案：where 5Jane is doing some research on the
31、time _ he is not busy with housework. 答案：when 归纳总结归纳总结 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 A People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressionsand a new report published online in Curren
32、t Biology explains why. Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀 地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes. “We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，” Jack sa
33、id. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.” According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that
34、 had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotions in cross- cultural situations. The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they obs
35、erved pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. It turned out that Easterners focused much greater at
36、tention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did.“The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions，” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotions, East
37、erners use the eyes more and the mouth less.” In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help 家庭作业家庭作业 our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it
38、comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation. 21The discovery shows that Westerners _. Apay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth B. consider facial expressions universally reliable C. observe the eyes and the mouth in differ
39、ent ways D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions 答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect the mouth.”可以得出答案。 22.What were the people asked to do in the study? A. To make a face at each other. B. To
40、 get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers faces. 答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第五段“.by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad， surpris
41、ed, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以判断选C。 23What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. The participants in the study. B. The researchers of the study. C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study. 答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据定语从句“that they show”所修饰的 ey
42、e movements 在研究中为 the participants 所作(从 the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people 可知)可判断选 A。 24What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills D. How to
43、 Increase Cross- cultural Understanding 答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。文章首先指出科学研究的最新发现：东方人比西方人更 难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的内容及其研究过程，最后得出结论：文化 差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧， 即不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相 同。由此判断最佳标题应为 B。 B Every country has its heroes. The heroes are the people the nation and especially the young people admire. If you get a
44、list of the heroes of a nation, it will tell you the potential(潜力 ) of that nation. Today in America, if you ask the high school students to list their heroes, their choices would probably fall into three groups. The first group of heroes would be the rock starsthe people connected with rock music.
45、There is no doubt that such people do have talent (才能) but one wonders if one should treat rock stars as a model. The rock stars too often are mixed with drugs and their personal life is not all that good. The rock stars are rich and wear the latest fashion styles. However，one should seek more in a
46、hero than such things as money and good clothes. A second type of hero for the American youth is the sports star. Again you have a person who has a great ability in one areasports. However，too often the personal life of the sports star is a bit of disorder. Too frequently drugs and drinking are a pa
47、rt of life of the sports star. A third type of hero is the TV or movie star. This person may have lots of acting talent and is quite handsome. However, the personal life of too many actors is quite sad and they should not be held up as a model of young people. Today， the rock star, the athlete and t
48、he actor all have become the models of the youth in America. Really, do you hear a young person say that his hero is a doctor, a teacher or a scientist? These people are not rich and do not wear fashionable clothes. However, they are talented people who work hard to make the world a better place for
49、 everyone. What is really sad is that the young try to imitate(模仿) their heroes. They like to wear the same clothes and follow their styles. If the heroes of today for the American young people are limited only to rock stars, athletes and actors, the future does not look too bright. 25The last sentence of
