1、Unit 3 The Internet Section Discovering Useful Structures 走近新课走近新课一起感知一起感知 语法探究语法探究一起思考一起思考 走近新课走近新课一起感知一起感知 将下列句子变为被动语态将下列句子变为被动语态 1.The old woman has washed many clothes this morning. 2.They have taught the new song three times already. 3.My son has eaten up two big apples already. Many clothes ha
2、ve been washed by the old woman this morning. The new song has been taught three times by them already. Two big apples have been eaten up by my son. 4.His classmate bought him some new books. 5.The incident really made the man angry. Some new books were bought for him by his classmate./He was bought
3、 some new books by his classmate. The man was really made angry by the incident. 语法探究语法探究一起思考一起思考 词汇讲解词汇讲解 1.Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions.(page 30)他们他们制造了一种功能更强大的新电脑。制造了一种功能更强大的新电脑。 function n.功能功能;作用作用;机能机能 The function of education is to prepare us for life. 教育的作用是让我们对生活有所准备。教
4、育的作用是让我们对生活有所准备。 Successful product design takes a products function into consideration. 成功的产品设计都是把产品的功能考虑在内。成功的产品设计都是把产品的功能考虑在内。 【合作探究】【合作探究】 读一读读一读 细观察细观察 阅读下列句子阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义 (1)The new machine does not function properly. 词性词性 动词动词 含义含义 工作工作;运行运行 (2)During World War ,many
5、 underground stations functioned as bomb shelters. 词组词组 function as 含义含义 充当充当 说一说说一说 勤归纳勤归纳 function可用作名词可用作名词,意为意为“功能功能”;还可用作动词还可用作动词,意为意为“工作工作; 运行运行”。 function as 充当充当 记一记记一记 长知识长知识 高中阶段表示高中阶段表示“充当充当,用作用作,当当”的词组还有的词组还有:serve as,act as,work as。 In those days,the old house served as a reading room.
6、在那些日子里在那些日子里,这座老房子用作阅览室。这座老房子用作阅览室。 【即学即用】【即学即用】 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1)My mother said that the old house could function _a garage. 翻译句子翻译句子 (2)这台机器的功能是什么这台机器的功能是什么? as Whats the function of this machine? 2.Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password?(page 30) 你确认无线密码了吗你确认无线密码了吗? confirm vt.确认确认;使确信使确信 Before ch
7、oices are finished,parents will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices. 在选择完成之前在选择完成之前,家长会被叫去签字以确认自己孩子的选择。家长会被叫去签字以确认自己孩子的选择。 They needed more high-quality studies to confirm their findings. 他们需要更多高质量的研究来证实自己的发现。他们需要更多高质量的研究来证实自己的发现。 【合作探究】【合作探究】 读一读读一读 细观察细观察 阅读下列句子阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性和含义写出句
8、中黑体词的词性和含义 (1)Walking in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights. 词性词性 动词动词 含义含义 证实证实 (2)Im still waiting for the confirmation of the test results. 词性词性 名词名词 含义含义 确认书确认书 说一说说一说 勤归纳勤归纳 (1)confirm vt.证实证实 (2)confirmation n.确认书确认书;证明证明 【即学即用】【即学即用】 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1)There is no official _(confirm) of
9、 the report. (2)It _(confirm) that the boy has stolen the car. confirmation is confirmed 完成句子完成句子 (3)他打电话确认航班时间。他打电话确认航班时间。 He called _. (4)研究已经证实研究已经证实,对女性来说这种风险要大一些。对女性来说这种风险要大一些。 Research _the risk is higher for women. to confirm the flight time has confirmed that 语法讲解语法讲解 知识脉络知识脉络 语法精讲语法精讲 一、现在完
10、成时的被动语态一、现在完成时的被动语态 1.现在完成时被动语态的构成现在完成时被动语态的构成:have/has+been +done。 The new school has been set up. 新学校已经建成了。新学校已经建成了。 2.现在完成时被动语态的形式现在完成时被动语态的形式: (1)肯定式肯定式:主语主语+ have/has been +及物动词的及物动词的-ed形式形式 The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很成功。这个实验做得很成功。 (2)否定式否定式:主语主语+ have/has been +not +及物动词
11、的及物动词的-ed形式形式 Toms novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有出版。汤姆的小说还没有出版。 (3)一般疑问式一般疑问式:Have/Has +主语主语+ been +及物动词的及物动词的-ed形形 式式+ 其他其他? Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗他的自行车修好了吗? (4)特殊疑问式特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 + have/has +主语主语+been+及物动及物动 词的词的-ed形式形式 + 其他其他? How many buildings have been built in this s
12、chool? 这所学校建了多少栋楼这所学校建了多少栋楼? 【即学即用】【即学即用】 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1)So far three films _(create) by the company. (2)It is said that a plan _(make) by them already. have been created has been made 将下列句子变为被动语态将下列句子变为被动语态 (3)Has the man planted some flowers yet? (4)The boy hasnt answered the emails yet. Have som
13、e flowers been planted by the man yet? The emails havent been answered by the boy yet. 二、短语动词的被动语态二、短语动词的被动语态 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时在变为被动语态时,不可不可 丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。 1.动词动词+介词介词 He will be operated on by the best doctor. 他将由最好的医生给他动手术他将由最好的医生给他动手术。 2.动词动词+副词副词 These problem
14、s have been seriously thought over. 这些问题已得到认真考虑这些问题已得到认真考虑。 3.动词动词+副词副词+介词介词 The lost time must be made up for. 失去失去的时间必须补回来。的时间必须补回来。 4.动词动词+名词名词+介词介词 Time is precious and should be made full use of. 时间宝贵时间宝贵,应该被充分利用。应该被充分利用。 【即学即用】【即学即用】 将下列句子变为被动语态将下列句子变为被动语态 (1)His classmates often laugh at him.
15、 (2)They put out the fire at last. (3)They will take good care of the old people. He is often laughed at by his classmates. The fire was put out by them at last. The old people will be taken good care of by them. 三、带有双宾语的句子的被动语态三、带有双宾语的句子的被动语态 带有双宾语的句子在变为被动语态时带有双宾语的句子在变为被动语态时,这两个宾语中的任何这两个宾语中的任何 一个都可
16、做被动句的主语。有以下三种情形一个都可做被动句的主语。有以下三种情形: 1.有些双宾语动词有些双宾语动词(如如award,buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay, show,teach,tell等等)在变为被动语态时在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语既可把间接宾语(指人指人) 变为被动语态的主语变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语而把直接宾语(指事物指事物)保留下来保留下来(称为称为 保留宾语保留宾语),也可把直接宾语也可把直接宾语(指事物指事物)变为被动语态的主语变为被动语态的主语,而而 把间接宾语改为介词把间接宾语改为介词to 或或for引起的状语引起的状语(到底用到底用to
17、还是还是for,与与 所搭配的动词有关所搭配的动词有关)。 He gave her some money last week. She was given some money last week. Some money was given to her last week. 2.有些双宾动词有些双宾动词(如如bring,do,make,pass,sell,send,sing,write 等等)通常用直接宾语通常用直接宾语(指事物指事物)做被动语态的主语做被动语态的主语,而将间接宾而将间接宾 语用作保留宾语语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词其前根据情况用介词to或或for): The man
18、wrote an email to his boss. An email was written to his boss. 3.有些双宾动词有些双宾动词(如如answer,deny,envy,refuse,save,spare等等)通通 常用间接宾语常用间接宾语(指人指人)做被动语态的主语做被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保而将直接宾语用作保 留宾语留宾语: He answered me that question at once. I was answered that question by him at once. 【即学即用】【即学即用】 将下列句子变为被动语态将下列句子变为被动语态
19、(1)The girl bought her mother a nice coat. (2)My father made a nice doll for me last week. Her mother was bought a nice coat by the girl. A nice coat was bought for her mother by the girl. A nice doll was made for me by my father last week. 四、带有复合宾语的句子变被动语态四、带有复合宾语的句子变被动语态 带有复合宾语的句子变被动语态带有复合宾语的句子变被动
20、语态: 原来的句子是原来的句子是“主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”,在变被动语在变被动语 态的时候将宾语变为被动语态的主语态的时候将宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语成为被动宾语补足语成为被动 语态的主语补足语。语态的主语补足语。 They heard her sing an English song at the party. She was heard to sing an English song at the party. He asked me to help him with his English. I was asked to help him with h
21、is English. 注意注意:主动语态中用不带主动语态中用不带to的不定式做宾语补足语的不定式做宾语补足语,在变为在变为 被动语态时必须带被动语态时必须带to。 The boss made them work ten hours a day. They were made to work ten hours a day by the boss. 【即学即用】【即学即用】 将下列句子变为被动语态将下列句子变为被动语态 (1)His mother keeps their rooms clean and tidy. (2)The mother asked her son to stand there. (3)She had me buy some new books for her. Their rooms are kept clean and tidy by his mother. Her son was asked to stand there by the mother. I was had to buy some new books for her.
