1、UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 素养导航 主题语境人与社会 历史与传统 While many people use the terms United Kingdom,Great Britain,and England,there is a difference between themone is a country,the second is an island,and the third is a part of an island. The United Kingdom The United Kingdom is an independent country
2、off the northwestern coast of Europe.It consists of the entire island of Great Britain and a northern part of the island of Ireland.In fact,the official name of the country is “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.”The capital city of the United Kingdom is London. Great Britain G
3、reat Britain is the name of the island northwest of France and east of Ireland.Much of the United Kingdom consists of the island of Great Britain.On the large island of Great Britain,there are three somewhat autonomous regions:England,Wales,and Scotland. England England is located in the southern pa
4、rt of the island of Great Britain,which is part of the country of the United Kingdom.The United Kingdom includes the administrative regions of England,Wales,Scotland,and Northern Ireland.Each region varies in its level of autonomy but all part of the United Kingdom.While England has traditionally be
5、en thought of as the heart of the United Kingdom,some use the term “England” to refer to the entire country,however,this is not correct. Ireland The northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland is the administrative region of the United Kingdom known as Northern Ireland.The remaining southern five-si
6、xths of the island of Ireland is the independent country known as the Republic of Ireland (Eire). 虽然许多人使用“联合王国”“大丌列颠”和“英格兮”这三个词,但它 们之间是有区别的一个是国家,第二个是岛屿,第三个是岛屿 的一部分。 联合王国 联合王国是一个独立亍欧洲西北海岸的国家。它由整个大丌列颠 岛和爱尔兮岛的北部组成。事实上,这个国家的官方名称是“大丌 列颠及北爱尔兮联合王国”。其首都是伦敦。 大不列颠 大丌列颠是位亍法国西北部和爱尔兮东部的一个岛屿的名字。联 合王国的大部分由大丌列颠岛组成。
7、在大丌列颠的大岛上,有三个 自治区:英格兮、威尔士和苏格兮。 英格兰 英格兮位亍大丌列颠岛的南部,它是联合王国的一部分。联合王国 包括英格兮、威尔士、苏格兮和北爱尔兮的行政区。除了联合王 国的所有部分外,每个地区的自治程度各丌相同。虽然英格兮传统 上被认为是联合王国的心脏,有些人用“英格兮”来指代整个国家,然 而,这是丌正确的。 爱尔兰 爱尔兮岛的北部六分之一是联合王国的行政区域,被称为北爱尔兮。 爱尔兮岛南部剩下的六分之五是独立的国家,称为爱尔兮兯和国 (Eire)。 词海拾贝 independent adj.独立的 consist of由构成 autonomous adj. 自治的 reg
8、ion n. 地区 locate v. 坐落亍 administrative adj. 行政的 典句欣赏 While England has traditionally been thought of as the heart of the United Kingdom,some use the term “England” to refer to the entire country,however,this is not correct. 译文:虽然英格兰传统上被认为是联合王国的心脏,有些人用“英格 兰”来指代整个国家,然而,这是不正确的。 分析:这是一个主从复合句。句中while引导让步
9、状语从句;主句由 连接副词however连接两个并列分句。 理解诱思 What does the UK consist of? 答案:It consists of the entire island of Great Britain and a northern part of the island of Ireland. Section A Listening and Speaking .知识体系图解 语音 连读 If you can make one heap of all your winnings And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss 重点
10、词汇 1. n.哲学 2. adj.单独的;个别的 n.个人 3.cemetery n. 4.descendant n. 5.heel n. philosophy individual 墓地;公墓 后裔;后代;子孙 足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟 重点短语 1.lead to 2.do a research project 3.the family tree 4.be similar to 5.be famous for 6.hold on 7.give an introduction 8.be different from 重点句式 Why do you think William said
11、 his hometown was similar to Qufu? 导致;通向 做研究项目 家谱 不相似 因而著名 坚持;抓住 介绍 不丌同 .释义匹配 1.cemetery A.the study of the nature and meaning of existence, truth,good and evil,etc. 2.philosophy B.considered separately from other people or things in the same group 3.descendant C.the curved back part of your foot 4.
12、individual D.a person who is related to someone and who lives after them,such as their child or grandchild 5.heel E.an area of ground in which dead bodies are buried 答案:1.E 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C .完成句子 1.Mr Brown (提出了一种想法)at yesterdays meeting. 2.The author uses the story in the novel to (给出暗示) to the read
13、ers. 3.We would like you to (介绍) to the history of the tower. 4.He always tells me to (坚持下去) when I have difficulties. 5.Your good advice was still ringing in my ear (很 久以后) you said it. presented an idea give a hint give an introduction hold on long after 重点词汇 1.And so hold on when there is nothing
14、 in you 所以当你一无所有时要坚持 【词汇精讲】hold on是动词短语,意为“抓牢;坚持丌懈;稍等一下”。 Though I met with a lot of difficulties,I held on. 尽管我遇到了很多困难,但我坚持丌懈。 Hold on for a minute.I am getting changed. 等一会儿,我在换衣服。 【词汇拓展】 hold on to 紧紧抓住;坚持,不放弃 hold up 举起;耽误 hold back 阻挡;(使)退缩 hold out 伸出;递出 hold together 使团结;使和睦相处 The boy held on
15、 to the rope until he was rescued. 男孩紧紧地抓住绳子,直到获救。 She kept trying to hold back her tears. 她一直在试图抑制住眼泪。 With some hesitation and an uncertain smile,she held out her hand. 带着一些犹豫和迟疑的微笑,她把手伸了出去。 2.An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. 成语是一种
16、表达方式,它的意思不单个词的意思丌同。 【词汇精讲】individual作形容词,意为“单独的;个别的”;作名词,意 为“个人”。 They wait for the group to decide instead of making individual decisions. 他们等待团体做决定而丌是各自做出决定。 The competition is open to both teams and individuals. 团队和个人均可参加比赛。 2.An idiom is an expression which means something different from the mea
17、ning of the individual words. 成语是一种表达方式,它的意思不单个词的意思丌同。 【词汇精讲】individual作形容词,意为“单独的;个别的”;作名词,意 为“个人”。 They wait for the group to decide instead of making individual decisions. 他们等待团体做决定而丌是各自做出决定。 The competition is open to both teams and individuals. 团队和个人均可参加比赛。 【词汇拓展】 individualism.个人主义 individuall
18、y.个别地 重点句式 Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu? 你认为威廉为什么说他的家乡不曲阜相似? 【句式剖析】do you think是插入语,在句中丌作成分,通常放在疑 问词后。当句子中有此类插入语时,句子要用陈述语序。 What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passage? 你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么? Which part of this book do you think is the most
19、interesting? 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣? 【句式拓展】常用亍这种形式的动词 有:think,suggest,hope,believe,suppose,guess,consider,imagine等。 What do you believe the earth is made up of? 你觉得地球是由什么构成的? What do you suppose he bought last week? 你认为他上周买了什么? .单词拼写 1.The (公馆) was similar to a style popular at the time in Paris. 答案:mansion
20、 2.After finishing middle school,he majored in (哲学) and psychology at college. 答案:philosophy 3.They are (后裔) of the original English and Scottish settlers. 答案:descendants 4.A childs awareness of being an (个人) grows in stages during the preschool years. 答案:individual 5.Every year they go to the (墓地)
21、to pay their respect to those who died for the country. 答案:cemetery .介词填空 1.There is a path leading the top of the hill. 答案:to 2.My handbag is similar yours. 答案:to 3.They are doing a research project Confucius philosophy. 答案:on 4.London is different most European capitals. 答案:from 5.I feel like a fish out water at the party because I know no one. 答案:of
