1、unit1 Whatunit1 Whats the matter?s the matter? 询问某人的健康问题以及遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达： 提建议：should do / shouldnt do 应该/不应该干某事 Whats the matter (with sb)? / Whats wrong (with sb)? / What happened (to sb)? Whats the trouble (with sb)? / Whats the problem (with sb)? / Are you OK?/ Is there anything wrong with
2、sb? 表达身体疼痛或不舒服： sb have / has a fever ( cold, cough, the flu) sb have / has a.ache( headache, toothache, stomachache, backache, an earache) sb have/ has a sore throat (back, arm , foot ,eyes) There is something wrong with ones +身体部位 I dont feel well.(这里的 well 是形容词，健康的) Lets +动词原形./ What (How) about
3、doing sth ? / Why not ( Why dont you ) do? Youd better do / Youd better not do 最好干某事/最好不要干某事 too much + 不可数名词 :too much homework 动词+too much : talk too much too many+可数名词复数： too many students much too + adj/ adv : much too tired hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 (这里的 with 是后置定语，修饰 tea) get an X-ray 照 X 光 se
4、e a dentist 看牙医 = go to a dentist take ones temperature 量体温 put some medicine on it 上药 take breaks= take a break = have a rest 休息一下 lie down 躺下 go to a doctor 看医生 in the same way 以同样的方式 hurt oneself 伤着自己 away from ：远离 Stay away from fire.远离火 A 地离 B 地的具体距离 具体的距离+away from : My home is 500 meters away
5、 from my school. Far from：A 地离 B 地很远 My home is far from my school.(具体多远不知道) lie 动词，躺、位于， 过去式 lay , 过去分词 lain, 现在分词 lying 动词，说谎， 过去式 lied, 过去分词 lied, 现在分词 lying 名词，谎言 tell a lie = tell lies 说谎 lay 动词，下蛋，产卵，放置 ，过去式 laid, 过去分词 laid, 现在分词 laying see sb doing sth 看见某人正在干某事 see sb do sth 看见某人干某事的全过程 shou
6、t for help 大声呼救 shout at sb 对某人大喊大叫 shout to sb 对某人大声说话 without thinking twice 毫不犹豫，不假思索 get on 上车 get off 下车（大型交通工具） get into / get out of (电梯、出租车等小型交通工具) to ones surprise 另某人吃惊的是 expect sb to do sth 期待某人干某事 expect sb not to do sth 期待某人不要干某事 agree to do sth 同意干某事 thanks to 多亏了，幸亏= because of = with
7、 the help of in time 及时 on time 按时，准时 get into trouble 陷入困境，惹麻烦 right away=right now = at once 立即马上 fall down 倒塌，跌倒 think of 想起，认为 think about 考虑 think about doing sth 考虑干某事 think over 仔细考虑 hit sb in / on +身体部位（软的部位用 in,硬的部位用 on） run it under water 用水冲洗 put a bandage on it 用绷带包扎 Knives are used to c
8、ut things. sick 也可作表语，如： She is sick. ill 形容词，一般只作表语，不做定语 She is ill. ( ill 作定语修饰名词，指坏的=bad) have trouble (in) doing sth = have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 干某事有麻烦/问题/ 困难 have trouble with sth= have problems with sth = have difficulty with sth 在某方面有困难 be / get used to doing sth 习惯于干某事 I am use
9、d to getting up early.我习惯了早起 used to do sth 过去常常干某事（暗示现在不干了） I used to get up early. (暗示现在不早起) be used to do sth 被用来干某事（ 是由 use sth to do sth 变为被动语态而来） look up 查阅 ，查字典 write down 写下，记下 take a risk = take risks 冒险 risk 用作动词： risk + n / 代/ doing sth I am willing to risk losing everything. because of +
10、名词或名词性短语 because of accidents lose ones life 失去生命 in a dangerous situation 在危险的情况下 by oneself 独自，亲自 free 形容词，自由的，空闲的，免费的： Are you free? / The flower is for free. 花是免费的 动词，解放，使自由 I want to free these birds in cages. run out 用完，耗尽，物作主语 ,即 sth run out: My money ran out soon. run out of 用完，耗尽，=use up 人作
11、主语，即 sb run out of sth: I ran out of my money soon. use sth to do sth 使用某物来干某事 cut off 切断 climb down 爬下 be ready to do sth = get ready to do sth 准备好干某事 be ready for sth = get ready for sth 为做好准备 with his left arm 用他的左胳膊，with 用 (用工具) We eat with chopsticks.我们用筷子吃饭。 in 用（用语言，声音，材料等） Speak in English,p
12、lease. called = named 被叫做，名为的 Do you know the girl called / named Nancy? tell of 讲述= talk about the importance of +n/代/doing sth 的重要性 the importance of water 水的重要性 the importance of reading books 读书的重要性 make decisions 作决定 make decisions to do sth 作决定干某事= decide to do sth be in control of 掌管，管理 You s
13、hould be in control of your own life. be out of control 失去控制 the same as 和一样 die 动词， died 过去式 dying 现在分词，可作形容词，垂死的 dead 形容词，死亡的， death 名词，死亡 keep on doing sth 坚持干某事 give up 动副短语，代词放中间，用宾格： give it / them up give up doing sth 放弃干某事= stop doing sth unit 2 Iunit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.ll
14、 help to clean up the city parks. 动词短语： 1. 动词+介词： look at, listen to, look after( to, at, in , after, for, of, from, across,with, through) 2. 动词+副词： pick up, take out, give away( on, off, up , down, out, away, )代词作宾语，放中间，用宾格。 3. 动词+名词+介词： take care of , take part in 4. 系动词+形容词+介词：be angry with， be d
15、ifferent from 5. 动词+副词+介词：look forward to, catch up with put : put on 穿上，上演 ；put off 推迟，延期 ；put up 举起，张贴，搭建；put down 放下 put out 扑灭，熄灭；put away 收起来，收好 come: come from 来自； come on 快点，加油； come in 进来； come up with 想出，想起 come out 出来，出版，放映； come over 过来，顺便来访 look: look at 看着 look after 照看，照顾； look out 当心；
16、 look like 看起来像； look up 查阅 look forward to 期待，盼望 turn: turn on 打开； turn off 关掉；turn up 声音调大点； turn down 声音调小点； cut: cut up 切碎； cut down 砍伐 ； cut off 切断； cut into 切成 take: take after 相像； take off 脱下，起飞； take part in 参加； take care of 照顾，照料 take out 拿出，取出 clean up 打扫干净； cheer up 振作起来，使高兴起来； set up 建立
17、； help out 帮助解决难题； work out 解答出来，计算出，效果好； give out = hand out 分发，散发； try out 试验，参加的选拔； dress up 打扮，乔装打扮； give away 赠送； grow up 长大 ； make up 编造； give up 放弃 call up=ring up 打电话 pick up 捡起，开车接某人， put off doing sth 推迟干某事 come up with = think up 想出 put up signs 张贴标语 clean-up 名词 清洁 catch up with 追上，赶上 not
18、ice: 名词，通知，通告 动词，注意到 notice sb do sth 注意到某人干某事的全过程 notice sb doing sth 注意到某人正在干某事 each either A or B; Not only A but also B Both A and B 连接两个名词作主语，谓语用复数。 neither+ be 动词/助动词/情态动词+主： A 不，B 也不（前面一种否定情况同样适用于后者） Jane doesnt like English, neither do I . (这里的 neither 可以换成 nor) Jane cant swim, neither can I
19、.( Nor can I ) so +be 动词/助动词/情态动词+ 主： A， B 也（前面一种肯定情况同样适用于后者） Jane likes English, so do I . Jane can swim , so can I. so+ 主+ be 动词/助动词/情态动词： A， A 的确如此（前后两个句子讨论同一个人） Jane likes English, so she does. Jane can swim, so she can. in surprise 吃惊地，好奇地，惊讶地 hang out 闲逛 pass sth to sb = pass sb sth 把递给某人 lend
20、 sb sth = lend sth to sb 把借给某物 借： borrow 借进，借入 borrow from 从借 lend (过去式 lent) 借出 lend sth to sb = lend sb sth 表示借东西借了多久，用 keep: How long can I keep the book? You can keep it for 2 weeks. when &while: when 引导时间状语从句，从句的动词通常都是非延续性动词，有时也会用延续性动词，从句的时态通常是一 般过去时，一般现在时 while 引导时间状语从句，从句的动词通常都是延续性动词，从句的时态通常都
21、是进行时或现在时 此外，while 还有“而”的含义，表示前后的对比： He likes English while I like math. invite sb to sp 邀请某人去某地 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去干某事 look through 浏览 make sb do sth 使某人干某事(这里的 do 是不带 to 的不定式)，类似的有：let sb do/have sb do stress 不可数名词，压力 be stressed out 压力太大 waste: 名词 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱 动
22、词 Dont waste paper. 形容词，废弃的 Dont pour waste water into the river. 四个“花” 1.spend 人作主语，常用结构： spend time/ money on sth She spent a lot of money on clothes. spend time/ money (in) doing sth I spent 2 hours doing my homework last night. 2. cost 物作主语 The book cost me 20yuan. 3. pay 付钱，常和 for 连用 She paid 2
23、00yuan for this meal. 4. take, 常用于 it takes (took) sb some time to do sth It took me 2 hours to finish my homework last night. get into a college = get into a university 上大学 there is no need for sb to do sth 某人没有必要干某事 Its ones job to do sth 干某事是某人的工作 Its teachers job to teach students. Its ones duty
24、 to do sth 干某事是某人的职责 Its our duty to care for the old people. provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth They provided a house for him. = They provided him with a house. anyway 反正 Sam didnt get the job, but hes not unhappy because it didnt pay well anyway. 无论如何，不管怎样 Its just a cold. But anyway, you sh
25、ould still see the doctor. in order to +do 为了干某事 In order to catch the early bus, he got up at 5:00. in order not to do 为了不要干某事 In order not be late again, he got up early . in order that+句子=so that 引导目的状语从句 He got up early in order that he can catch the bus. depend on 依靠，信赖 You cant always depend o
26、n your parents. 取决于 Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去野营取决于天气。 develop 动词，发展，壮大，培养 The small village developed into a famous city. develop childrens independence 培养孩子们的独立性 developed 形容词，发达的 developed country 发达国家 developing 形容词，发展中的 developing country 发展中国家 developme
27、nt 名词 ，发展 The development in our hometown is surprising. fair 形容词，公平的，合理的 fairness 名词，公正性，合理性 unfair 形容词，不公平的 independence 名词 独立性 independent 形容词，独立的 since 因为，既然 Since everyone is here, lets start now.既然大家都到齐了，我们就出发吧。 自从以来 I have lived here since I was born.自从我出身以来，我一直住在这里。 pick up 捡起，开车接某人 play a p
28、art (role) in (doing) sth 参与到做某事 take an active part in 积极参加 have no idea=dont know 不知道 take care of = look after = care for 照顾，照料 take good care of = look afterwell 好好照顾 as a result 结果，因此 fell ill 生病 drop-dropped-dropped-dropping 落下，掉下，下降 the grades dropped 成绩下降 the+比，the + 比. The earlier you give
29、up smoking, the better it is for you future. unit 4 Why donunit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?t you talk to your parents? Its + adj. +for sb. +to do. . . 句中的形容词修饰 to do, 如 hard, easy, important 等 Its + adj. +of sb. +to do. . . 句中的形容词常表示人的性格、品质与特点等, 如 kind, nice, clever 提建议的句型： Why dont you do
30、sth = Why not do sth? Let sb do sth / Let sb not do sth You could (not) do sth You should (not) do sth What / How about doing sth Youd better ( not) do sth. Shall we do sth? Would you like (not) to do sth? 提出请求的句型： Could you (please) do sth ? Could you (please) not do sth? Would you (please) do sth?
31、 Would you (please ) not do sth? Would you mind doing sth? Would youo mind not doing sth？ Will you? allow: 1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人去干某事 My father allowed me to watch TV. 2. sb be allowed to do sth 某人被允许干某事 I was allowed to watch TV by my father. 3. allow doing sth 允许干某事 We dont allow smoking here.
32、 get into a fight with sb = have a fight with sb ( fight 是名词) 和某人争吵，打架 fight with sb=fight against sb （fight 是动词，过去式 fought）和某人争吵，打架 fight for sth 为了而争吵，打架 go to sleep 去睡觉 fall asleep 睡着 have time to do sth 有时间干某事 be good with sb 善于和某人相处 be good at doing sth 擅长干某事 be good for 对有好处 be good to = be fr
33、iendly to on the phone 在电话中 on TV 在电视上 on computer 在电脑上 on the Internet 在网上 find sb doing sth 发现某人正在干某事 I found him playing computer games when I got home. find sb do sth 发现某人干某事的全过程 I found a man go into your room. look through 快速查看，浏览 say sorry to sb 向某人道歉 say goodbye to sb 向某人道别 say thanks to sb
34、向某人道谢 say hi/ hello to sb 向某人问好 work out 解决 give back =return 归还 Please give my money back to me. = Please return my money to me. The problem is that I cant get on with my family. (that 引导的是表语从句，和宾语从句一样，需要用陈述句的语序) This is what I want. / My problem is whether he will come. get on (well,badly) with sb
35、 和某人相处的好/坏= get along (well,badly) with sb I get on well with my classmates. get on (well, badly) with sth 某事进展的好/坏= get along (well, badly) with sth I get on well with my work. 我的工作进展的很顺利 communicate with sb 和某人交流、沟通 （名词是 communication） argue with sb 和某人争吵 （名词 argument ）= have an argument with sb a
36、rgue about sth hang over 悬挂，笼罩 refuse to do sth 拒绝干某事 relation 关系 The relation between them is the father and the son. if 可以引导条件状语从句，意为如果，遵循主将从现；也可以引导宾语从句，意为是否，不需要遵循主将从现。 I dont know if he will come to my party tomorrow. But if he comes, Ill be very happy. elder 年长的 elder brother older 更老的，更旧的 be ni
37、ce to sb = be friendly to sb instead 相反，反而，却 He didnt go to school, instead he went to the park. instead 代替，后接宾语，必须加介词 of, instead of + 名词/代词/ doing There is no coffee, lets drink some tea instead (of coffee). Its raining outside. We cant go camping. Lets stay at home instead of going camping. Whate
38、ver 可以引导宾语从句 You can eat whatever you like. 还可以引导让步状语从句 Whatever happens, dont open the door. be nervous about/ of 对焦虑，紧张 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事 offer sb sth= offer sth to sb = provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 explain to sb 向某人解释 mind doing sth 介意干某事 firstly, secondly,thirdly,lastly
39、copy ones homework 抄作业 return 归还 return = give back return sth to sb= return sb sth 回到某地 return= go back/ come back I must return to hotel by 8:00. not any more= no more 不再 (次数，程度不再增加) He doesnt smoke any more.=He no more smokes. not any longer= no longer 不再（时间不再延长）He doesnt live here any longer.= H
40、e no longer lives here. leave sth+地点 把某物落在了某地 I left my homework at home. forget 后不接地点 pressure 压力 ，不可数名词= stress under pressure 在压力之下 give sb pressure 给某人施压 compete with sb 和某人竞争=compete against compete for sth 为而竞争 competition （名词，竞争，竞赛） for the first time 第一次 cut out 减掉，删除，删掉 have a quick dinner
41、快速地吃晚餐 姓氏后+s 指夫妇二人或一家人，作主语，谓语用复数形式 The Smiths are watching TV. be successful in doing sth = have success in doing sth= succeed in doing sth 成功地干某事 its time for sth = its time to do sth 该干某事了 Its time for homework.= Its time to do homework. continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续干某事（干另一件事） After he f
42、inished his homework, he continued to read.= He went on to read. continue doing sth= go on doing sth 继续干某事（同一件事） He continued writing until he died.= He went on writing until he died. compare A with B 把 A 和 B 进行比较 Dont compare your kid with other kids. compare A to B 把 A 比作 B We often compare beauti
43、ful girls to flowers. be crazy about 对着迷，痴迷，热衷于 My father is crazy about soccer. push 推 -pull 拉 push so hard 逼得太紧 push sb to do sth 逼迫某人去看某事 be always doing sth 总是干某事，含厌恶，赞扬，抱怨等感情色彩 cause 引起，造成，导致 Smoking may cause lung cancer. cause sb to do sth 导致某人干某事 The accidents didnt cause him to change his m
44、ind. in ones opinion 依某人的观点，依某人之见 in my opinion 依我之见 unit5 What were you when the rainstorm came?unit5 What were you when the rainstorm came? 过去进行时态是指过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作，基本结构是： was/ were + doing ,常与 at that time, at this time yesterday, at 9:00 yesterday morning, when, while . 变换句型时，变否定句，在 be 动词后
45、加 not, 变疑问句，be 动词直接提前。 过去进行时指在过去的某一时刻动作正在进行，一般过去时指在过去的某一个时间完成了某一个动作。 She was writing a letter the whole night.她整晚都在写信（强调动作正在进行，信不一定写完） She wrote a letter last night.她昨天晚上写了一封信。 （信写完了） 现在分词需要双写的：shopping, swimming, stopping, sitting , hitting , planning, getting, forgetting, beginning, cutting , runn
46、ing, putting, setting, winning when &while 引导的时间状语从句 when 后面从句中的动词既可以是延续性，又可以是非延续性（短暂性） ， 如果是延续性动词，用进行时 如果是非延续性动词，用一般过去时（大部分是非延续性动词，过去式居多） while 后面从句的动词是延续性动词，用进行时态。 at the time of 在的时候 at the time of rainstorm 在暴风雨的时候 go off（闹钟发出响声） My alarm goes off at 5:30 every day. wake up 醒来（过去式 woke） begin to
47、 do sth= begin doing sth 开始干某事= start to do sth= start doing sth(beginning) pick up the phone= answer the phone 接电话 pick up 捡起 Please pick it up.请把它捡起来。 pick up 开车接某人 My father picks me up every day. 四个“也” too: 用于句末，逗号隔开 I like English ,too. as well：句末，不用逗号隔开 I like English as well. also: be 动词、助动词、
48、情态动词之后，实意动词之前 I also like English. either: 用于句末，否定句 I dont like English either. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。 此句中介词 with 表示一种伴随的状况，同时还包含着某种因果关系，表示“因某种状况的存在而导致”，因此可 译作“由于；因为”等。 With my parents away, Im the king of the house.我爸妈不在，我可是家中的“王” I cant work with all that noi
49、se going on.由于那噪音响着，我无法工作。 feel like 除了感觉像之外，还有“想要”的意思，feel like doing sth 想要干某事 I dont feel like eating. in the area 在这个地区 at first 起初，一开始 at last 最后 break apart 使分离 die down 逐渐减弱，逐渐消失 die out 灭绝 The tigers are dying out. wood 木材 不可数名词 ； 树林 可数名词（woods） make sure 确保，确定，核实 +从句 Make sure that you clos
50、e the door before you leave. make sure of sth We must make sure of her safety. work 主语是人时，指工作 ；主语是物，指运转 My watch doesnt work. beat , beat(过去式) ,beaten （过去分词） beat 后接人或球队 We beat them by 3:2. win 后接比赛、奖品、名次 Against 倚、靠 He is standing against the wall. 反对，反义词是 for I am against his plan. asleep:形容词，作表语
