1、1 2019-2020 学年学年 新目标英语八年级下学期复习提要（Units1-10） Review of Units 1-10 for Grade 8(A) I. Synonyms(近义词近义词) 1. have fun - have a great time- enjoy oneself I had great fun last week. (had a great time/enjoyed myself) 2. Whats the matter? - Whats wrong? - Whats your trouble? 3. I have a headache. - I have a s
2、ore head. - My head hurts. 4. think twice - think hard 5. improve - make better 6.give out -hand out 7. start -begin 8. be free/available - have time 9. would like - want -need 10. give up - stop - part with 11.fix up - repair 12.take after - look like - be similar to 13. return go back 返回 How often
3、 do you return to your hometown? give back 归还 Could you return the bike to me? 14. discuss - talk about - have a discussion about 15. enjoy - like realize - understand - know 理解 16. play a part in - take part in - join in 17. prepare for - get ready for 18. take place - happen 发生 19. expect - look f
4、orward to 期待 20.look for - search for 21.consider - think about/regard 22. look after - take care of - care for 23. reply to - answer 24. fear -be afraid 害怕 die - lose ones life 死 25. have been to- have traveled to 到过 26. wonder - want to know 27. care - mind 28. get to - arrive in/at - reach 29. gi
5、ve sb. a hand - help sb. between a rock and a hard place - being a difficult situation that you can not seem to get out of 左右为为难；进退两难 30. belong to sb. -be ones 属于某人 31. own- have 2 32.argue - fight 争吵 33. turninto - change into 34. full of - filled with 35. allow sb. to do sth.- let sb. do sth. 36.
6、 pick up(the phone)- answer (the phone)接电话 take a break -have a rest 休息 Me neither. - Neither have I. Me, too. - So have I.我也一样。 37. tomorrow - future 未来 one day - some day 有朝一日 38. film - movie autumn - fall holiday -vacation 39. pupil -student area - place changes - developments 40. morning meal -
7、 breakfast evening meal - dinner 41. 数词数词+more + n. - another + 数词数词 + n. 2 more days- _ _ days 42.while when 当当的时候的时候 I was cooking while they were talking. some time 一段时间一段时间 I havent played soccer for a while now. 43. three quarters - three fourths a half - a second 44. the Smiths - Smith family
8、史密斯一史密斯一家人家人 the weak- the weak people 弱者弱者 the poor - the poor people 穷人穷人 45. no longer - not any longer - not any more 不再不再 46. wonderful - great - excellent - fantastic -perfect 47. enjoyable - interesting - fun 48. wet - humid - rainy 42. simple - easy 49. free - available pretty - very - quite
9、 paying nothing for 免费费的的 beautiful 50. famous - well-known 著名的 51. glad - happy 52. ill - sick 有病的 53. truthful - honest 诚实的 54. quick - rapid - fast 快的 quiet - peaceful 安宁的 55. clever - smart 聪明的 silly - foolish 愚蠢的 nervous - worried 担忧的 huge - very big/large 巨大的 typical - common/usual 典型的；普遍的 56.
10、 quite a few - many - a lot of - lots of 许多；大量 a couple of - a few - several 几个 a bit - a little - a little bit - kind of 有点儿 57. everyone - everybody someone - somebody no one - nobody 58. none - nothing/ not anything 3 no one /not anyone no - not any 没有 59. once - one time twice - two times 60. mo
11、re than - over 超过 less than - under 少于 61. close to nearly/ almost 几乎 almost not - hardly 几乎丌 close to next to - near 靠近；接近 62. perhaps - maybe - possibly-probably 可能 simply - just - only 仅仅 all the time - always 反复；总是 in silence - silently 沉默 300 or so - about 300 三百左右 63. actually- in fact 事实上；实际上
12、 alone - by oneself 独自 heavily - hard 在很大程度上 It rained hard yesterday.昨天雨下得大。 64. finally - at last - in the end 最后；终于 during - in 65. Sure. - Of course. - Certainly -No problem. - OK Never mind. - It doesnt matter. - Thats OK. - Not at all 丌要紧 66. unless - if not 除非 as long as - if 叧要 such as - lik
13、e 例如 however - but 67. again - a second time 又；再 68. what else - what other things 别的什么 69. at the age of +数词数词 - when sb. be +数词数词 David started playing soccer at the age of seven.(when he was seven.) 70. so +adj./adv. +that 句子（否定）- too +adj/adv. + to +动词动词原形原形 Shes so short that she cant join the
14、club. - Shes too short to join the club. 71. How come? - Why? on the Internet - online 72. in the face of - in front of 面对 opposite - across from 在对面 73. for two years. - since two years ago 两年了 74. a friend of mine - one of my friends 我的一个朋友 75. once upon a time - long, long ago 从前 II. Antonyms 1.
15、teach - learn 2. get up - go to bed 3. stay - leave 4. bring - take 5. ask - answer/reply 4 6. wake - sleep wake up - fall asleep asleep - awake 7. remember - forget 8. finish - start 9. rise - fall 10. like - dislike agree - disagree abled - disabled 有残疾的 honest - dishonest fair- unfair possible -
16、impossible 11. borrow - lend close - open closed - open 12.stand - sit stand up - sit down 13. lose - find 14. accept - refuse hate - love 15. turn on - turn off turn up - turn down 16. different - same be different from - be the same as 17. day - night in the daytime- at night 18. beginning - end a
17、t the beginning of - at the end of 19. many - few much - little more - less least - most 20. first - last at first - at last 21. left - right on the left - on the right 22. both - neither all - none 23. free - busy/full full - hungry 24.pretty -ugly clever - foolish 25. interesting - boring interest
18、ed - bored 26. careful - careless carefully - carelessly 27. meaningful - meaningless 28. sad - glad 29. dangerous - safe 30. simple - difficult/hard 31. good - bad better - worse best - worst 32. lazy - hard-working 33. poor - rich 34. wet - dry 35. never - always 36. quiet - loud quietly - loudly
19、37. hard easy 38. close to- far from soft 39. nervous - relaxed 5 40. elder - younger 41. sir - madam 42. below - above 43. with - without III. phrases 1. Whats the matter?/Whats wrong? 2. have a cold/fever/headache/toothache/stomachache 感冒/ 发烧/ 头痛 / 牙痛 / 胃痛 have a sore throat 咽喉痛 have a sore back 背
20、痛 have a look 看一看 3. make friends make mistakes make money make soup/zongzi/ a wish 交朋友 犯错误错误 挣钱挣钱 做汤汤/包粽子/许许愿愿 make a difference 影响；有作用 make ones way 前往；费力地前进 make promises to sb. 向某人承诺诺 keep a promise break a promise make a fire 4. help (sb.) with sth. agree with sb. 5. be good with be good at be
21、good for be good to 6. seem impossible seem to get smaller 7. lie down 躺下 get an X-ray 做个 X 光检查 8. nothing special somewhere wonderful 9. take ones temperature/ take after/ take out the rubbish/take breaks/ take risks/ 量体温 /像 / 倒垃圾 / 休息 /冒险 take care of/take in/ take down/take up /take a shower/take
22、 a walk/take the train 10. used to 曾经; 过去. be used to 习惯于习惯于 11. get off/ get into trouble/get on with/ get out of /get to/ get married/ get dressed/ get lost/ 下车下车/ / 陷入困境陷入困境 / / 和睦相处和睦相处/ / 从从出来出来/ / get a surprise/get an education/get up get cut turn 12. cut off / cut out/ cut up/ cut down 13. p
23、ut off be 切除 /删除/ 切碎/ 砍倒 13. be in control of 掌管；管理 go 14. 14. care for/wait for/ search for/ look for/as for/ be good for/thanks for/study for a test 照顾 /等候 / 搜寻 / 寻找 /至于 /对有好处/因感谢/ 为考试而学习 cant wait to do sth. 迫丌及待做某事 6 16. give up/ cheer up/ clean up / call up /pick up/come up with/set up/hurry up
24、/fix up 放弃 /振奋起来/打扫干净/打电话/接电话/想出；提出/建起/ 赶快 /修理 grow up/put up/ dress up/ wake up/ make up/get up/cut up/take up/stay up late/ turn up /up to/ up and down 17. give out /hand out/ try out/ work out/ clear out/ check out/ cut out/ run out( of) /get out of/ 散发；分发/散发 /试用 /解决 / 清理 /察看；观察/删除/用尽；耗尽/离开 blow
25、out/ help out/bring out/eat out / hang out /find out 17. full of / in the face of / a couple of / instead of/ thousands of/made of/ because of 满是.的/面对 /几个；一对/ 代替 / 数以千计的/ 18. give away 赠送 19. turn into 变成 walk into 走路时撞着 20. depend on 依 靠 21. compare with 比较；对比 22. feel free 随便 23. die down/take dow
26、n/fall down/ cut down/write down 逐渐变弱/ 拆除 / 倒塌 / 砍到 / 写下 24. . fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 fall in love 爱上；喜欢上 fall over 绊倒绊倒 25. part with 放弃；交出 26. to be honest 说实在的说实在的 to ones surprise 使使惊讶惊讶 28. according to 依据； 按照依据； 按照 close to 几乎； 接近几乎； 接近 up to 到达到达 welcome to 欢迎到欢迎到. be ready to be able to 29. at
27、first /at birth/at least 30. in silence/in ones opinion/in order to 起初 /出生时/至少 沉默；无声/依.看 /目的是；为了 in danger/ in the end/ in space/ in the sky 30. as far as I know 就我所知 as soon as 一就 as foras for 31. no longer even though ever since 32. come true 33. one 11-year-old boy five - hour bus ride 34. go sho
28、pping/swimming/.fishing/bike riding /boating 35. go to the doctor go to the dentist 去看牙医医 go to the movies 36. how far how long how many how much how often how old 多远 多久 多少 多少 多久一次 多大 38. the same as 与与一样一样 be different from 与与不同 39. a strong feeling of satisfaction 强烈的满足感 a waste of time 浪费时间 40. y
29、ard sale an island full of treasures science fiction country music 庭院拍卖会 满是珠宝的岛 科幻小说 乡村音乐 all year round soft toy board game bread maker 全年 软体玩具 棋类游戏 面包机 41. a piece of paper/news/music/bread 一张纸张纸/ /一则新闻一则新闻/ /一首音乐一首音乐/ / 一块块面包面包 42. tea art tea set another time 下次 43. once upon a time 从前 right awa
30、y 立即；马上 big deal 重要的的事 44. high school middle school junior high school primary school a second language 第二语言语言 an English-speaking country 说英语的国家 7 IV. Grammar Focus i. Nouns -s(一般情况一般情况) 名词的数名词的数 可数名词可数名词 复数复数 -es(以以 s, x, ch, sh,辅辅 O 结尾结尾) y i+es(以辅音字母以辅音字母+y 结尾结尾) 名词名词 特殊变化：特殊变化：woman women, too
31、th teeth, foot feet ( a/o e) sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese 单复数一样单复数一样 child children 不可数名词（不可数名词（rice, bread, chicken, beef, mutton, milk, porridge, meat, paper, news.）没有复数形式，在句中作主语时，）没有复数形式，在句中作主语时， 其谓语动词要用单数形式。其谓语动词要用单数形式。 e.g. There _ some news on the paper.(be) 提问问可可数数名名词词的量要用的量要用 How many;提问问不
32、可不可数数名名词词的量要用的量要用 How much. 数词数词、a/an、many, few, a few 修饰饰可可数数名名词词；much, little, a little 修饰饰不可不可数数名名词词。 当百分数当百分数/half /half 修饰可数名词并作主语时，修饰可数名词并作主语时， 其谓语其谓语 v. v. 用复数；若修饰不可数名词时，其谓用复数；若修饰不可数名词时，其谓 语语 v. v. 则用单数。如：则用单数。如：35% of our teachers _ men.(be)35% of our teachers _ men.(be) Half of the food _ba
33、d.(go)Half of the food _bad.(go) ii. Pronouns 1. 人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词 人人 称称 （主格）（主格） 代代 词词 （宾格）（宾格） I we you he she it they me us you him her it them 物物 adj. 性性 主主 代代 词词 n.性性 my our your his her its their mine ours yours his hers its theirs 反身反身 代词代词 myselfmyself ourselves yourself himself herself its
34、elf themselves yourselves 8 当句子中的主语与宾语是同一人时，宾语要用反身代词。当句子中的主语与宾语是同一人时，宾语要用反身代词。 如：如： I teach I teach myselfmyself English. They want to keep this to _English. They want to keep this to _. (they)_. (they) 2.2.不定代词（不定代词（something,anything,nothing, everything,someone,anyone,something,anything,nothing, e
35、verything,someone,anyone, no one, everyoneno one, everyone )在句中作主语时，其谓语语时，其谓语 v.v.要用单数，修饰不定代词或不定副词的形要用单数，修饰不定代词或不定副词的形 容词要后置。如：容词要后置。如：_ everyone here today?(be)_ everyone here today?(be) I have _ to say now. A. important nothing B. nothing importantI have _ to say now. A. important nothing B. nothi
36、ng important 3. all 3. all 用于用于三者（以上）三者（以上） 都都 both both 两者，作主语时，其谓语两者，作主语时，其谓语 v.v.用复数用复数 neither neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时，其谓语表示“两者都不”，作主语时，其谓语 V. V. 用单数用单数/ /复数复数 iii. Numbers 基数词基数词 数词数词 + th A week has seven days, and Saturday is 序数词序数词 the seventh day of a week. (one first; two second; three third
37、; five fifth; eight eighth; nine ninth; twelve twelfth; twenty twentieth ) 另外基数词数词 one, two 还可变成次数还可变成次数 once, twiceonce, twice iv. Verbs 1. 实义动词实义动词 do 在一般现在时中，除第三人称单数外，谓语动词用原形。主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动在一般现在时中，除第三人称单数外，谓语动词用原形。主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动 词要加词要加-s/-es(have 的单三形式是的单三形式是 has) 变疑问句时，只需借助动词变疑问句时，只需借助动词 do/does
38、 置句首，句中的置句首，句中的 实义动词要还原，变实义动词要还原，变否定，更容易，在实义动词前加否定，更容易，在实义动词前加 dont/doesnt, 句中的实义动词要句中的实义动词要 还原。还原。 用所给动词的适当形式填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空： （1） I_ a pencil, and Lucy _ a pencil, too. (have) （2） _ you _ basketball? (play) （3） - _ your brother _ TV everyday? - No. He only _ TV on Saturday evening. (watch) (4) My m
39、other _（not like） hamburgers. 9 2. 情态动词（情态动词（can, may, must, have to, be able to, might, should, could） 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。变疑问句、否定句与情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。变疑问句、否定句与 be 动词雷同（但是动词雷同（但是 have to 不一样不一样, ,而且而且 be able to be able to 有人称、数、时态的变化）。如：有人称、数、时态的变化）。如： I can help you. Can I help you? Yes, I c
40、an. /No, I cant. He must go now. Must he go now? Yes, he must. /No, he neednt. He has to wear a uniform at school. Does he have to wear a uniform at school? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. She is able to swim. Is she able to swim? Yes, she is. /No, she isnt. You may sit here. May I sit here? Yes, you m
41、ay(can)./No, you cant(mustnt.) 以 may 开头开头的一般疑的一般疑问问句，其否定回答要以句，其否定回答要以 cant/mustnt 结结尾；以尾；以 must 开头开头 一般疑问问句，其否定回答要以句，其否定回答要以 neednt 结结尾尾; ; 以 could 开头开头的一般疑的一般疑问问句，其否定回答要以句，其否定回答要以 cant 结结尾；尾； 1）-Must we finish our homework now? - No, you _. A. mustnt B. cant C. dont D. neednt 2）- May I go home now?
42、 - Sorry，you _. A. may B. maynt C. cant D., neednt 3）- Could you take out the rubbish? - Sorry, I _. I have to take care of my baby sister. A. couldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. cant 4) - My head feels very hot, maybe I have a fever. - You _ take your temperature. A. should B. can C. may D. could 3. 动词的
43、时态动词的时态 动词的时态动词的时态 用法及标志用法及标志 构成构成 一般现在时一般现在时 表示一般性、通常性、习惯性的动作或状态。常 与 often,usually, sometimes,every.,on Sunday, in the morning 连用。 动词原形或第三人称单数动词原形或第三人称单数 （动原或三单）（动原或三单） 一般过去时一般过去时 表示在过去时间里发生的动作或状态。 标志：last year/, yesterday, two days ago, in 2002. 过去式过去式 现在进行时现在进行时 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。标志：Look!/ Listen!; I
44、ts +时刻.; Be quiet! Now; 上下文 am/is/are +-ing 10 过去进行时过去进行时 表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动 作。标志：at 11:00 last night, at that time, this time yesterday, when I came in, while 引导的从句中 was/were+-ing 一般将来时一般将来时 表示在将来时间里发生的动作或状态。 标志：next year/, tomorrow, in two days, in 2022. will +动词原形动词原形 be going to +动原动原 现在完成时现在
45、完成时 用法（一）：表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在 造成的影响或结果。标志：just, ever, never, already, yet, before, once, twice 用法（二）：表示过去发生的动作或状态延续到 现在。标志： for +一段时间， since +过去时 间， so far 特别注意：结束性 v.（come,go, leave,begin, start,stop,get to,borrow, buy,die.）不能 用于现在完成时用法中，但可以用意思相近的延 续性 v.(be+adj./adv./n./介词短语，buy have;borrow keep. 如： I
46、have been here for two years. He has had his car since last month. My grandpa has been dead since I was born. How long have we kept this book? have/has +PP(过去分词过去分词) 4. 动词的非谓语形式：动词不定式，动名词，分词动词的非谓语形式：动词不定式，动名词，分词 使用动词要担心， 分析成分看清谓， 填谓注意时语态， 非谓动词用不定，使用动词要担心， 分析成分看清谓， 填谓注意时语态， 非谓动词用不定， 忙忙 （be busy/be wo
47、rthbe busy/be worth） 完完（finish/end upfinish/end up）之后（）之后（for,about,at, in, to,with/withoutfor,about,at, in, to,with/without）忍受忍受（standstand）考虑）考虑 （considerconsider） 建议建议 （suggest)suggest)） , ,忍不住 （忍不住 （cancant helpt help） 去去 （gogo） 保持保持 （keepkeep） 实践实践 （practicepractice） , , 放弃（放弃（give upgive up）享受
48、享受（enjoyenjoy）介意介意（mindmind） feel likefeel like 的的- -inging。助助（do, does, did） 使使(make, let) 感感(hear, see) 情情(can, may, must) 固固(祈使句句首，祈使句句首，would rather, had better,why would rather, had better,why not,not,please 后后) 原形原形 用所给动词的适当形式填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空： 1. Lucy _ (dance) on weekends. 2. Listen! Who _ (ta
49、lk) with your parents? 3. Let me _ (have) a look. 4. He wants _(make ) friends with you. 5. Please _ at her.(look) 6. Its time _ (play) badminton now. 7. I _(like) koalas because they _(be) very cute. 8. What _ you _ last weekend?(do) 9. Tom is good at _. (swim) 10 . You _ fun if you go to the party.(have) 11 v. Adjective adv
