1、新初三暑期 第1讲 名词 知识梳理 01 考点精讲 02 实战演练 03 CONTENTS 目录 知识梳理 0101 名词 分类 普通 可数 个体 集体 不可数 物质 抽象 专有 定义 他们有什么共同点？ book girl happiness bookshop 定义 book，chair，pen 个体 food，rain，water 物质 happiness，love， knowledge 抽象 people，family 集体 普通名词 常考的不可数名词： work, milk, meat, weather, information, news, fun, advice 考点精讲 0202
2、 3.专有名词 2.不可数名词量化和转化 1.可数名词单复数 5.名词词义辨析 4.名词所有格 规则变化 不规则变化 注意事项 1.可数名词单复数 规则变化 1. 一般情况 加s map-maps car-cars student-students word-words 2. s, x, sh,ch 加es bus-buses watch-watches box-boxes 3. 以“y”结尾 辅音字母+y，变y为i加es 元音字母+y，加s family-families holiday-holidays 4. 以“o”结尾 有生命的加es 没有生命加s potato-potatoes ra
3、dio-radios 5. 以“f或fe”结尾 将f或fe变v加es knife-knives wife-wives 直接加s roof-roofs belief-beliefs 变v加es： 妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf） 小偷（thief）吓得发了慌 躲在架（shelf）后保己（self）命 半（half）片树叶（leaf）遮目光 不规则变化 1. 改变内部元音字母 a e oo ee 其他 man men foot feet mouse mice 2. 词尾加 （r）en child children ox oxen 3. 单复数同形 deer sheep fish
4、 4. 某国人 中日不变英法变，其余s加后面 a Chinese ten Chinese a Japanese three Japanese a Englishman Englishmen a Frenchman Frenchmen a German Germans 有主体名词 有woman或 man 无主体名词 没有woman或 man 复合名词复数 将主体名词变为复数 将最后一个部分变为复数形式 woman或man以及后面的名词都变复数 只变后面的名词为复数 注意事项 （1）集体名词：强调整体，谓语动词用单数；强调集体中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数。 government，team，fami
5、ly，committee （2）复合名词的复数变化形式 grown-ups stand-bys fathers-in-law women doctors boy friends 1. (2015广东) Mickey mouse is one of the most famous _ in American _ . Asymbol; culture Bsymbol; cultures Csymbols; culture Dsymbols; cultures 2. Helen, the more careful you are during the exam, the fewer _ youll
6、make. Amistake Bmistakes Cdecision Ddecisions 3. The film Your Name tells the story of a high school girl and a high school boyBoth of them are _ . AGerman BJapanese CEnglish DAustralian 4. Its sports timeMost _ students in class 1 are playing football on the playground. Aboy Bboys Cboys Dboys 02 转化
7、 有些物质名词和抽象名 词表示个体或具体的概 念时可转化为可数名词 01 量化 数词+单位+of+不可数名词 2. 不可数名词的量化和转化 a piece of paper a slice of meat a piece of news a cup of water a bowl of rice a bag of rice a glass of beer a pair of shoes a pack of sugar a handful of clay a drop of blood a heavy rain a great success 1. （2017广东）Daniel has trie
8、d to lose _ by eating less recently, but two kilos has been put on instead. Aweight Bweights Cheight Dheights 2. （2016广东）The broken _ may cut into your hand if you touch it, you should be careful. Aglass Bglasses Ccandle Dcandles 3. （2013广东） Mum, Ive heard that we cant eat _ these daysIs it true? Ta
9、ke it easyIt is safe to eat cooked meat. Achicken Bchickens Ca chicken Dthe chicken 4. How can I get some _ about the Belt and Road（一带一路）? Why not surf the Internet? Aexpression Bexpressions Cinformation Dinformations 5. Can I help you? Id like to have 100 _ I want my students to draw pictures. Apie
10、ce of paper Bpieces of paper Cpieces of papers Dpiece of papers 6. There isnt any _ in the fridgeWe need to go shopping. Aeggs Bpears Capples Dmilk 首字母都要大写，但虚词一般不大写 the Great Wall the Peoples Republic of China Rose China 3. 专有名词 1. The Yellow River goes through nine provinces and joins the _. 1. The
11、 Yellow River goes through nine provinces and joins the _. A.A.Bohai Sea B. East China Sea C. Huanghai Sea D. South China SeaBohai Sea B. East China Sea C. Huanghai Sea D. South China Sea 2. 2. Is Peter from America?Is Peter from America? No. Peter is an _ boy, but hes in _. No. Peter is an _ boy, b
12、ut hes in _. A.A.America; England B. English; America America; England B. English; America C. American; English D. England; America C. American; English D. England; America 3. Kangaroos live in _. 3. Kangaroos live in _. A. China B. U.S. C. U.K. D. Australia A. China B. U.S. C. U.K. D. Australia 4.
13、4. What is your friends family name if his What is your friends family name if his full name is James Allen Green?full name is James Allen Green? _. _. A. James B. Allen C. Green D. James AllenA. James B. Allen C. Green D. James Allen of所有格 一般表示无生命的名词所有格 s 所有格 一般表示有生命的名词所有格 双重所有格 构成：of +s所有格/名词性物主代词
14、 【注意】 用介词to表示所属关系的几个常见搭配 the answer to the question，the key to the door，the entrance to the building 名词所有格 构成：名词+of+名词 表示整体中的一个或者一部分 a picture of my mother my mothers picture 根据最后一个名词 复合名词 As and Bs A and Bs 共同所有 表示地点的名词可被省略 加 s 单数名词 直接加 s或es结尾复数名词 加 s 不以s结尾的复数名词 s 所有格所有格 部分无生命的词 the babers the Smit
15、hs ten minutes break Chinas industry three kilometers distance 1. （2014广东）Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on _ Day. AWoman BWomen CWomans DWomens 2. MrBrown is a friend of _They often talk with each other on the Internet. Amy father Bmy fathers Cmy fathers Dmy fath
16、ers 不可数/可数 厨师/厨具 各种声音 人的声音或歌声 吵闹声 work，job cook，cooker sound， voice, noise 常考词义辨析 1. （2011广东） I hear you run for half an hour every day. Right, we have toIt is one of the _ in our school. Arules Bplans Chobbies Dchoices 2. I hope to get into a good senior schoolWhat should I do? You should make an _
17、 to improve your skills of solving problems. Aexcuse Benergy Ceffort Dexpression 3. How did you get out of the forest at last? By following the _ I had left. Amarks Binstructions Cdirections Dpositions （一) 近义词辨析：不同语境下词义有差别 1. Lucy considers Guangzhou to be her second _ because she has lived here for
18、 15 years. Ahouse Bhome Cfamily Droom 2. Cathy has such a good _ that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year. Anoise Bsound Cvoice Dshout 易错盘点 (二) 名词所有格形式的混用：不规则名词复数的所有格形式、共有关系的所有格形 式以及双重所有格形式的表示方法 1. In china, we celebrate _ Day on June 1st, _ Day on September 10th. AChildrens; Teach
19、ers BChildren; Teachers CChildrens; Teachers DChilderns; Teachers 2. This is _ bedroomIts tidy and nice. ALilys and Lucys BLily and Lucys CLilys and Lucy DLily and Lucy 3. MrBlack is a teacher of _She and her classmates like him very much. Amy sisters Bmy sister Cmy sisters Dmy sisters （三) 名词作定语时的单复
20、数误用： 名词作定语的三种形式： 1) 一般用单数形式；a shoe shop 2) man/woman要与所修饰的名词的数一致；a woman driver women drivers 3) sports，sales，clothes，goods，customs等只用复数形式；sports meeting运动会， sales plan销售计划，clothes line晾衣绳，goods train货车，customs officer海关人 员 1. There are fifty _ in our schoolThey are all friendly to us. Awoman teache
21、rs Bwoman teacher Cwomen teachers Dwomen teacher 2. What kind of porridge would you like, Alice? I would like _. Aegg porridge Beggs porridge Cfish porridges Dfishes porridge 实战演练 0303 1. What a good_ youve given me! Thanks a lot! My pleasure. Ainformation Bnews Csuggestion Dadvice 2. It is five yea
22、rs since we began to enjoy a _ spring holiday each year. Aten-day Bten day Cten days Dten days 3. There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are _ Amens teachers Bman teachers Cmen teacher Dmen teachers 4. Are you thirsty? Yes, please give us _. Athree bottle water Bthr
23、ee bottle of water Cthree bottles of water Dthree bottles of waters 5. I wonder if youve made a decision on the project, Eric. Not yetI cant make it until I have firsthand _ on prices. Aknowledges Bknowledge Cinformation Dinformations 6. These light bulbs look the same, but their _on the environment
24、 are different. Asolutions Bmethods Ceffects Dsecrets 7. I am hungryBut there is little_ leftI have to go and buy some Asandwiches Bpotatoes Cwater Dbread 8.Henry, have you seen the English book on the _desk? If you see it, please take it to the _ office. OK. Ateachers; teachers Bteachers; teachers
25、Cteachers; teachers Dteachers; teachers 9.Did the policeman give much _ on how to protect personal information? Anote Badvices Cadvice Dattentions 10.Today is September 10thIts_ DayLets sayThank you to our teachers ATeachers Bthe Teachers CTeachers DTeachers 11.Many_ are playing an active part in ma
26、king Kunming a civilized city(文明城 市) Aman Bwoman Cvolunteer Dvolunteers 12.Sam is doing some_ about the ancient Silk Road. Aexercise Boperations Cresearch Dexperiments 13. Would you like some_ ? Yes, please, just a few. Amilk Bpork Crice Doranges 14.Whos the woman under the tree? Shes _ aunt. AKelly and Joes BKellys and Joe CKellys and Joes DKelly and Joe 15. （2017大连）He didnt use to be active in school, but now be gets lots of_ . Achoices Bmoney Cattention Dproblems 总结
